The Meteorological Equator In The Stratosphere And Mesosphere
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| Author | : Arthur J. Kantor |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 1974 |
| Genre | : Atmosphere, Upper |
| ISBN | : |
Fluctuations and periodic oscillations of the thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere between 25 and 80 km are analyzed in this paper to better define the structure of the tropical atmosphere. The nature of temperature and density variations at locations between 22 degrees N and 8 degrees S is examined by means of harmonic analysis. Amplitudes and phases of the annual and semiannual components of the temperature and density cycles indicate that the meteorological equator within the stratosphere and lower mesosphere lies south of Ascension Island. The paper is only one part of a larger investigation aimed at providing a set of mean monthly atmospheric models from the surface to 90 km at 15 degrees latitude intervals between equator and pole.
| Author | : PLUMB |
| Publisher | : Birkhäuser |
| Total Pages | : 465 |
| Release | : 2013-11-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3034858256 |
PAGEOPH, stratosphere, these differences provide us with new evidence, interpretation of which can materially help to advance our understanding of stratospheric dynamics in general. It is now weil established that smaller-scale motions-in particular gravity waves and turbulence-are of fundamental importance in the general circulation of the mesosphere; they seem to be similarly, if less spectacularly, significant in the troposphere, and probably also in the stratosphere. Our understanding of these motions, their effects on the mean circulation and their mutual interactions is progressing rapidly, as is weil illustrated by the papers in this issue; there are reports of observational studies, especially with new instruments such as the Japanese MV radar, reviews of the state of theory, a laboratory study and an analysis of gravity waves and their effects in the high resolution "SKYHI" general circulation model. There are good reasons to suspect that gravity waves may be of crucial significance in making the stratospheric circulation the way it is (modeling experience being one suggestive piece of evidence for this). Direct observational proof has thus far been prevented by the difficulty of making observations of such scales of motion in this region; in one study reported here, falling sphere observations are used to obtain information on the structure and intensity of waves in the upper stratosphere.
| Author | : James Holton |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 221 |
| Release | : 2016-06-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1935704311 |
Interest in the meteorology of the stratosphere and mesophere has been simulated in the past few years by concerns over possible depletion of the ozone layer as a result of reactions involving pollutants introduced by human activities. Concurrently there has been an upsurge in research on various aspects of the meteorology of the stratosphere. This monograph provides an account of the fundamental dynamical processes which control the general circulation of the stratosphere and mesophere and are thus responsible for the transport of trace substances in that region of the atmosphere. Principles necessary for understanding the dynamics of large-scale motions in the stratosphere and mesosphere are systematically developed so that this monograph should prove useful not only as a reference work for research scientists, but as a textbook for courses in dynamic meteorology of the upper atmosphere.
| Author | : K. Mohanakumar |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 424 |
| Release | : 2008-07-03 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1402082177 |
Stratospheric processes play a signi?cant role in regulating the weather and c- mate of the Earth system. Solar radiation, which is the primary source of energy for the tropospheric weather systems, is absorbed by ozone when it passes through the stratosphere, thereby modulating the solar-forcing energy reaching into the t- posphere. The concentrations of the radiatively sensitive greenhouse gases present in the lower atmosphere, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and ozone, control the radiation balance of the atmosphere by the two-way interaction between the stratosphere and troposphere. The stratosphere is the transition region which interacts with the weather s- tems in the lower atmosphere and the richly ionized upper atmosphere. Therefore, this part of the atmosphere provides a long list of challenging scienti?c problems of basic nature involving its thermal structure, energetics, composition, dynamics, chemistry, and modeling. The lower stratosphere is very much linked dynamically, radiatively,and chemically with the upper troposphere,even though the temperature characteristics of these regions are different. The stratosphere is a region of high stability, rich in ozone and poor in water - por and temperature increases with altitude. The lower stratospheric ozone absorbs the harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and protects life on the Earth. On the other hand, the troposphere has high concentrations of water vapor, is low in ozone, and temperature decreases with altitude. The convective activity is more in the troposphere than in the stratosphere.
| Author | : Gerald R. North |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 2874 |
| Release | : 2014-09-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0123822262 |
Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, Second Edition, Six Volume Set is an authoritative resource covering all aspects of atmospheric sciences, including both theory and applications. With more than 320 articles and 1,600 figures and photographs, this revised version of the award-winning first edition offers comprehensive coverage of this important field. The six volumes in this set contain broad-ranging articles on topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction. The Encyclopedia is an ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences. It is written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest information in the field. Covers all aspects of atmospheric sciences—including both theory and applications Presents more than 320 articles and more than 1,600 figures and photographs Broad-ranging articles include topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction An ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences
| Author | : Lucy-Ann McFadden |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 987 |
| Release | : 2006-12-18 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080474985 |
Long before Galileo published his discoveries about Jupiter, lunar craters, and the Milky Way in the Starry Messenger in 1610, people were fascinated with the planets and stars around them. That interest continues today, and scientists are making new discoveries at an astounding rate. Ancient lake beds on Mars, robotic spacecraft missions, and new definitions of planets now dominate the news. How can you take it all in? Start with the new Encyclopedia of the Solar System, Second Edition.This self-contained reference follows the trail blazed by the bestselling first edition. It provides a framework for understanding the origin and evolution of the solar system, historical discoveries, and details about planetary bodies and how they interact—and has jumped light years ahead in terms of new information and visual impact. Offering more than 50% new material, the Encyclopedia includes the latest explorations and observations, hundreds of new color digital images and illustrations, and more than 1,000 pages. It stands alone as the definitive work in this field, and will serve as a modern messenger of scientific discovery and provide a look into the future of our solar system.· Forty-seven chapters from 75+ eminent authors review fundamental topics as well as new models, theories, and discussions· Each entry is detailed and scientifically rigorous, yet accessible to undergraduate students and amateur astronomers· More than 700 full-color digital images and diagrams from current space missions and observatories amplify the chapters· Thematic chapters provide up-to-date coverage, including a discussion on the new International Astronomical Union (IAU) vote on the definition of a planet· Information is easily accessible with numerous cross-references and a full glossary and index
| Author | : Robert M. Haberle |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 613 |
| Release | : 2017-06-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1107016185 |
This volume reviews all aspects of Mars atmospheric science from the surface to space, and from now and into the past.
| Author | : David G. Andrews |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 502 |
| Release | : 2016-07-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080954677 |
For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography. * Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and beginning graduate students * Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web * Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative laboratory experiments * Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the material.
| Author | : Stanley Q. Kidder |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 481 |
| Release | : 1995-09-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080572006 |
At last, a book that has what every atmospheric science and meteorology student should know about satellite meteorology: the orbits of satellites, the instruments they carry, the radiation they detect, and, most importantly, the fundamental atmospheric data that can be retrieved from their observations.Key Features* Of special interest are sections on:* Remote sensing of atmospheric temperature, trace gases, winds, cloud and aerosol data, precipitation, and radiation budget* Satellite image interpretation* Satellite orbits and navigation* Radiative transfer fundamentals
| Author | : David C. Catling |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 595 |
| Release | : 2017-04-13 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0521844126 |
A comprehensive and authoritative text on the formation and evolution of planetary atmospheres, for graduate-level students and researchers.
