The Making Of Good Supervision Learning To Say No
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| Author | : Jennifer A. Elliott |
| Publisher | : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND |
| Total Pages | : 22 |
| Release | : 2010-05-18 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781462310180 |
The quality of financial sector supervision has emerged as a key issue from the financial crisis. While most countries operated broadly under the same regulatory standards, differences emerged in supervisory approaches. The international response to this crisis has focused on the need for more and better regulations (e.g., in areas such as bank capital, liquidity and provisioning) and on developing a framework to address systemic risks, but there has been less discussion of how supervision itself could be strengthened. The IMF's work in assessing compliance with financial sector standards over the past decade in member countries suggests that while progress is being made in putting regulation in place, work remains to be done in many countries to strengthen supervision. How can this enhanced supervision be achieved? Based on an examination of lessons from the crisis and the findings of these assessments of countries' compliance with financial standards, the paper identifies the following key elements of good supervision-that it is intrusive, skeptical, proactive, comprehensive, adaptive, and conclusive. To achieve these elements, the "ability" to supervise, which requires appropriate resources, authority, organization and constructive working relationships with other agencies must be complemented by the "will" to act. Supervisors must be willing and empowered to take timely and effective action, to intrude on decision-making, to question common wisdom, and to take unpopular decisions. Developing this "will to act" is a more difficult task and requires that supervisors have a clear and unambiguous mandate, operational independence coupled with accountability, skilled staff, and a relationship with industry that avoids "regulatory capture." These essential elements of good supervision need to be given as much attention as the regulatory reforms that are being contemplated at both national and international levels. Indeed, only if supervision is strengthened can we hope to effectively deliver on the challenging-but crucial-regulatory reform agenda. For this to happen, society must stand with supervisors as they play their role as naysayers in times of exuberance.
| Author | : Mr. Tobias Adrian |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 34 |
| Release | : 2023-09-06 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
Keeping banks safe and sound hinges on good supervision. The bank failures of March 2023 precipitated questions about the effectiveness of supervision. This paper reflects on lessons learned from this banking turmoil and reviews global progress in delivering effective supervision over the past ten years. It finds progress in areas like risk monitoring, stress testing, and business model analysis. Yet, progress has also been hampered by deficiencies in supervisory approaches, techniques, tools, and (use of) corrective and sanctioning powers, as well as by unclear mandates, inadequate powers, and lack of independence and resources. Overcoming these deficiencies requires supervisors to improve their own performance and other policy makers to contribute to ensuring vigilant, independent and accountable supervision.
| Author | : Adrian Docherty |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 546 |
| Release | : 2014-01-02 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1118651332 |
Why did the financial crisis happen? Why did no one see it coming? And how did our banks lose so much of our money? What's being done to sort out the banking industry? And will it work? These are the questions that industry experts Adrian Docherty and Franck Viort cover in Better Banking: Understanding and Addressing the Failures in Risk Management, Governance and Regulation. They give a clear and thorough run-through of some of the key concepts and developments in banking, to enable the reader to understand better this vital yet perilous industry. Without excessive detail or jargon, they explain the most important issues in risk management, regulation and governance and build a comprehensive description of how failings in these areas resulted in the current financial crisis. In order to make the diagnosis clear, the authors illustrate their descriptions with a series of informative case studies. The book revolves around a critique of the current regulatory developments, which the authors feel will be ineffective in fixing the structural flaws in banking. Crucially, and as the title of the book suggests, they set out their own series of proposals to contribute to the development of a better, safer and more effective banking industry. Docherty and Viort's book fills an important gap in the literature on banking and its role in the current financial crisis. It is at once a history, a primer, a critique and a manifesto. It does not take sides but works through a constructive diagnosis towards ideas that could lead to major improvements in the quality and stability of the financial world. Better Banking: Understanding and Addressing the Failures in Risk Management, Governance and Regulation is a technical yet accessible book that seeks to engage interested readers of all kinds -- students, professionals, bankers and regulators but also politicians and the broader audience of citizens outside the banking industry, who are keen to inform themselves and understand what needs to be done to avoid a repeat of this crisis.
| Author | : Leo F. Goodstadt |
| Publisher | : Hong Kong University Press |
| Total Pages | : 219 |
| Release | : 2011-04-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9888083252 |
The 2007-2009 global financial crisis was predictable and avoidable, but American and British regulators chose not to intervene. They failed to implement their own policies because of an Anglo-American "regulatory culture" of non-intervention that dominated financial regulation worldwide. Hong Kong--the international financial center of an increasingly prosperous China--defied world opinion and made stability its priority. This policy ensured Hong Kong's robust performance during the last 15 years, and it made possible Hong Kong's impressive contributions to financing China's economic take-off and to the modernization of its financial institutions.Reluctant Regulatorsis a scathing indictment of regulatory inertia in the West. It provides original insights into the causes of financial crises and pays special attention to China's attempts at reform and Hong Kong's place in China's financial modernization. Leo F. Goodstadtwas chief policy adviser to the Hong Kong Government as head of its Central Policy Unit (1989-1997) and has had an extensive consultancy practice in Asian banking. He has written widely on the global financial crisis and on China's economic development.
| Author | : Christopher Hodges |
| Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 768 |
| Release | : 2015-10-22 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1782255834 |
This book examines the theories and practice of how to control corporate behaviour through legal techniques. The principal theories examined are deterrence, economic rational acting, responsive regulation, and the findings of behavioural psychology. Leading examples of the various approaches are given in order to illustrate the models: private enforcement of law through litigation in the USA, public enforcement of competition law by the European Commission, and the recent reform of policies on public enforcement of regulatory law in the United Kingdom. Noting that behavioural psychology has as yet had only limited application in legal and regulatory theory, the book then analyses various European regulatory structures where behavioural techniques can be seen or could be applied. Sectors examined include financial services, civil aviation, pharmaceuticals, and workplace health & safety. Key findings are that 'enforcement' has to focus on identifying the causes of non-compliance, so as to be able to support improved performance, rather than be based on fear motivating complete compliance. Systems in which reporting is essential for safety only function with a no-blame culture. The book concludes by proposing an holistic model for maximising compliance within large organisations, combining public regulatory and criminal controls with internal corporate systems and external influences by stakeholders, held together by a unified core of ethical principles. Hence, the book proposes a new theory of ethical regulation. This title is included in Bloomsbury Professional's International Arbitration online service.
| Author | : Jeanne Gobat |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 43 |
| Release | : 2014-06-12 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1498358586 |
As part of Basel III reforms, the NSFR is a new prudential liquidity rule aimed at limiting excess maturity transformation risk in the banking sector and promoting funding stability. The revised package has been issued for public consultation with a plan of making the rule binding in 2018. This paper complements earlier quantitative impact studies by discussing the potential impact of introducing the NSFR based on empirical analysis of end-2012 financial data for over 2000 banks covering 128 countries. The calculations show that a sizeable percentage of the banks in most countries would meet the minimum NSFR prudential requirement at end-2012, and, further, that larger banks tend to be more vulnerable to the introduction of the NSFR. Additionally, by comparing the NSFR to other structural funding mismatch indicators, we find that the NSFR is a relatively consistent regulatory measure for capturing banks’ funding risk. Finally, the paper discusses key policy issues for consideration in implementing the NSFR.
| Author | : International Monetary Fund |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 100 |
| Release | : 2014-12-18 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1498342450 |
There has been a rapid expansion of pan-African banks (PABs) in recent years, with seven major PABs having a presence in at least ten African countries: three of these are headquartered in Morocco, two in Togo, and one each in Nigeria and South Africa. Additional banks, primarily from Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa, have a regional presence with operations in at least five countries. PABs have a systemic presence in around 36 countries. Overall, the PABs are now much more important in Africa than the long-established European and American banks.
| Author | : Erlend Nier |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 64 |
| Release | : 2010-11-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1455210722 |
This paper investigates empirically the drivers of financial imbalances ahead of the global financial crisis. Three factors may have contributed to the build-up of financial imbalances: (i) rising global imbalances (capital flows), (ii) monetary policy that might have been too loose, (iii) inadequate supervision and regulation. Panel data regressions are performed for OECD countries from 1999 to 2007, so as to shed light on the relative importance of these factors, as well as the extent to which these factors might have interacted in fuelling the build-up. We find that the build-up of financial imbalances was driven by capital inflows and an associated compression of the spread between long and short rates. The effect of capital inflows on the build-up is amplified where the supervisory and regulatory environment was relatively weak. We find that, by contrast, differences in monetary policy cannot account for differences across countries in the build-up of financial imbalances ahead of the crisis.
| Author | : Mr.Alfred Kammer |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 38 |
| Release | : 2015-04-06 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1498325033 |
The SDN discusses the main policy issues and challenges in building an inclusive and safe Islamic finance industry, with emphasis on Islamic banking and Sukuk markets. To this end, it discuses why Islamic finance matters, taking into account its recent and prospective growth; and, its potential contributions in terms of financial inclusion, support for small- and medium-sized enterprises and investment in public infrastructure and, in principle, reduced systemic risk. It then covers a range of regulatory and other challenges, and offers policy advice, to address factors that hamper the development of the industry and, more generally, the delivery of its potential benefits. The paper covers regulatory and supervisory issues, safety nets and resolution frameworks, access to finance, Sukuk markets, and macroeconomic policies.
| Author | : Romi Adetio Setiawan |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 193 |
| Release | : 2023-07-20 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1000910539 |
Sharia-compliance is the raison d’etre of Islamic banks. All of their instruments and activities should be based on sharia principles, which unfortunately exposes them to greater risks than their conventional counterparts, regulated under the dual banking system in Indonesia. These include inconsistencies between fatwas, unique reputational risks, and inefficiencies in the regulatory framework governing Islamic banks. This book critically examines the less-studied issue of developing an Islamic banking regulatory and supervisory framework that considers the risk pressures faced by Islamic banks’ operations in an Indonesian financial sector dominated by conventional banks. The book assesses the extent to which the global financial standards of the Basel Accords have been followed by Islamic Banks in Indonesia, with respect to their regulation, supervision, and risk management, to highlight the unresolved tensions in the multiple regulatory and supervisory institutions. The book proposes a middle-ground approach that accommodates modification of the existing financial regulatory and supervisory system in line with international best practice. The reforms proposed in this book offer a way for financial regulatory and supervisory agencies to further develop modern Islamic law and finance. The book will be a valuable resource for scholars and policymakers interested in the dual banking system in Indonesia.
