The Impacts Of Water Scarcity On The Prospects For Poverty Alleviation
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| Author | : Britt Debes Rasmussen |
| Publisher | : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 120 |
| Release | : 2011-07 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9783844380064 |
Inequality is not set to decrease and the rising number of poverty stricken people is set to clash when both water and food availability becomes even scarcer. As previous food exporters such as China and India becomes importers the battle for underground water and fertile lands, on which to grow food and fuel, will put much of the resource rich Africa in an even more exposed situation. Many parts of SSA suffer from a physical water scarcity but for the majority the scarcity is an economic water scarcity. If national governments and development organizations do not shape up quickly to protect SSA from water exploitation the consequences will be serious. There is a right way and a wrong way to deal with water scarcity. There are dangers in food-availability, health, land-grapping, conflict escalation etc. The main issues are all addressed here in an attempt to give insight and oversight of the current situation and the issues to tackle before aquifers are dried out completely.
| Author | : Randolph Barker |
| Publisher | : IWMI |
| Total Pages | : 19 |
| Release | : 2000-12 |
| Genre | : Irrigation |
| ISBN | : 9290904100 |
| Author | : Chanie, Paulos |
| Publisher | : OSSREA |
| Total Pages | : 282 |
| Release | : 2014-04-03 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9994455753 |
Like in many parts of the world, water resources in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have been pivotal for human survival, economic growth, social development, and practicing certain religion and cultural ethos. However, in spite of the intrinsic values of water, its use and management in sub-Saharan Africa has not been without limitations. The demand for water resources is increasing mainly due to rapid population growth, industrialization and urbanization and dealing with water-related issues has been complex and challenging for sustainable growth. Whilst there are various efforts by national governments, non-government organizations and communities to effectively and efficiently utilize and manage water resources, there are few comprehensive studies in sub- Saharan Africa that show the impact of the efforts on poverty reduction. Although certain reports indicate that many SSA countries lack clear vision on how water use can be harnessed with pro-poor growth and how poor communities can be capacitated to use water for poverty reduction, there are little exhaustive studies that clearly show familiar and innovative water use and management interventions followed by communities, national governments and other stakeholders, and demonstrate the challenges and successes of the same. Cognizant of the knowledge gap, in 2012 OSSREA launched a research project on ordinary and innovative water use and management patterns and practices in SSA, with a view to generate new knowledge on unexploited opportunities that could enhance the contribution of water resources to poverty reduction. This anthology documents various issues including water use and management in agriculture especially in irrigation projects in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and Zimbabwe; water harvesting in Kenya and Uganda; the role of local water use institutions in Ethiopia; and water source maintenance and protection in Uganda.
| Author | : Stephane Hallegatte |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 227 |
| Release | : 2015-11-23 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1464806748 |
Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
| Author | : I.H. Olcay Ünver |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 320 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1461504236 |
In the book's four Parts, the interdisciplinary approach to many issues contributes to the relationship between water and poverty. Part I includes articles on the conceptual and methodological issues concerning poverty reduction through water resources development. It also offers analysis of quantitative measurements of poverty reduction, including some approaches for creating a Water Poverty Index. Part II considers the institutional frameworks for management of water and poverty reduction. Topics range from community-based decision making to international leadership. Part III encompasses discussions on participatory irrigation management and the privatization of urban water supplies and sewerage and the link to poverty. Case studies from India, Turkey, and Jordan make up Part IV. The studies present diverse water management and development practices for poverty reduction, including realistic pricing and effective irrigation practices, the use of water as an engine for sustainable development, small and large scale strategies for reducing the risks and uncertainties in water availability and food security, the economic value of improved water supplies, and the positive impact of small-scale development projects.
| Author | : Randolph Barker |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 11 |
| Release | : 1999 |
| Genre | : Africa, Sub-Saharan |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Ann Harrison |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 674 |
| Release | : 2007-11-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0226318001 |
Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.
| Author | : World Bank |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 288 |
| Release | : 2020-12-23 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1464816034 |
This edition of the biennial Poverty and Shared Prosperity report brings sobering news. The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic and its associated economic crisis, compounded by the effects of armed conflict and climate change, are reversing hard-won gains in poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The fight to end poverty has suffered its worst setback in decades after more than 20 years of progress. The goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030, already at risk before the pandemic, is now beyond reach in the absence of swift, significant, and sustained action, and the objective of advancing shared prosperity—raising the incomes of the poorest 40 percent in each country—will be much more difficult. Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020: Reversals of Fortune presents new estimates of COVID-19's impacts on global poverty and shared prosperity. Harnessing fresh data from frontline surveys and economic simulations, it shows that pandemic-related job losses and deprivation worldwide are hitting already poor and vulnerable people hard, while also shifting the profile of global poverty to include millions of 'new poor.' Original analysis included in the report shows that the new poor are more urban, better educated, and less likely to work in agriculture than those living in extreme poverty before COVID-19. It also gives new estimates of the impact of conflict and climate change, and how they overlap. These results are important for targeting policies to safeguard lives and livelihoods. It shows how some countries are acting to reverse the crisis, protect those most vulnerable, and promote a resilient recovery. These findings call for urgent action. If the global response fails the world's poorest and most vulnerable people now, the losses they have experienced to date will be minimal compared with what lies ahead. Success over the long term will require much more than stopping COVID-19. As efforts to curb the disease and its economic fallout intensify, the interrupted development agenda in low- and middle-income countries must be put back on track. Recovering from today's reversals of fortune requires tackling the economic crisis unleashed by COVID-19 with a commitment proportional to the crisis itself. In doing so, countries can also plant the seeds for dealing with the long-term development challenges of promoting inclusive growth, capital accumulation, and risk prevention—particularly the risks of conflict and climate change.
| Author | : Rosanna Joy Keam |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 334 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Economic development |
| ISBN | : |
Based on the premise that water is a central component of poverty reduction, this paper uses post-development theory in conjunction with Michel Foucault's concepts of power/knowledge, discourse and governmentality to critically analyse the concept of mining-led economic growth for poverty reduction owing to the adverse impacts of mining on water supplies. Using Namibia as a case study, this research illustrates how a number of international organisations such as the World Bank, the IMF and the African Development Bank have encouraged so-called 'developing' countries to undertake large industrial projects which supposedly contribute to economic growth, based on the neoliberal assumption that economic growth contributes to poverty reduction. Mining, in particular, is one of these industrial projects assumed to contribute to economic growth and therefore poverty reduction. Within a context of increasing global water scarcity and intra-state inequality, however, the concept of 'mining for poverty reduction' seems somewhat of a contradiction. As the case study of Namibia illustrates, the adoption of this economic growth model of development by the Namibian Government and its associated 'mining for poverty reduction' imperative, has in actual fact exacerbated inequality by reducing the access of the poor to potable water in three ways: (1) through the commodification and commercialisation of water supplies which is considered necessary to the creation of an enabling environment for foreign private investment by mining companies; (2) through the consumption of vast quantities of water for mineral processing; and (3) through the pollution of remaining water supplies by chemicals used in the leaching process. Furthermore, the findings of this research show that these issues are exacerbated by weak environmental legislation in Namibia. It is arguable, therefore, that the inaccessibility of the poor to water in Namibia is a violation of fundamental human rights. The reliance on desalination as the technological 'fix' to the issue of water scarcity is also evaluated. Finally, this research critically analyses the role of 'participation', arguing that, rather than enhancing the voices of those who are adversely affected by water inaccessibility, the word 'participation' has instead been used to manufacture legitimacy for mining operations in the country.
| Author | : Jean-Marc Faurès |
| Publisher | : Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Food security |
| ISBN | : 9789251073049 |
The report aims to provide a conceptual framework to address food security under conditions of water scarcity in agriculture. It has been prepared by a team of FAO staff and consultants in the framework of the project "Coping with water scarcity - the role of agriculture", and has been discussed at an Expert Consultation meeting organized in FAO, Rome, during the period 14-16 December 2009 on the same subject. It was subsequently edited and revised, taking account of discussions in the Expert Consultation and materials presented to the meeting. The purpose of the Expert Consultation was to assist FAO to better design its water scarcity programme. In particular, the experts were requested to provide recommendations on the range of technical and policy options and associated principles that FAO should promote as part of an agricultural response to water scarcity in member countries. The document offers views on the conceptual framework on which FAO's water scarcity programme should be based, proposes a set of definitions associated with the concept of water scarcity, and indicates the main principles on which FAO should base its action in support to its member countries. At the meeting, experts were requested to review the draft document and provide feedback and recommendations for its finalization. Issues that were addressed in discussions included: 3⁄4 Water scarcity: agreement on key definitions. 3⁄4 The conceptualisation of water scarcity in ways that are meaningful for policy development and decision-making. 3⁄4 The quantification of water scarcity. . 3⁄4 Policy and technical response options available to ensure food security in conditions of water scarcity. . 3⁄4 Criteria and principles that should be used to establish priorities for action in response to water scarcity in agriculture and ensure effective and efficient water scarcity coping strategies.
