Subsidies in International Trade

Subsidies in International Trade
Author: Gary Clyde Hufbauer
Publisher: MIT Press (MA)
Total Pages: 312
Release: 1984
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This book seeks to explain and analyze both the concepts underlying the subsidy problem and the most important of the issues involved.

The Regulation of Subsidies Within the General Agreement on Trade in Services of the WTO

The Regulation of Subsidies Within the General Agreement on Trade in Services of the WTO
Author: Pietro Poretti
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 346
Release: 2009-01-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9041131620

"The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) extends the multilateral trading system to services. Little is said In the GATS about subsidies, beyond stipulating that subsidies are subject to the existing provisions, including the most-favoured-nation and national-treatment principles, and that Members shall enter into negotiations with a view to developing the disciplines necessary to avoid the trade distorting effects of subsidies." "This timely book provides a comprehensive analysis of services subsidies under the GATS. It begins with a description of services and trade in services, and of the salient characteristics that make regulation of services subsidies more complex than those associated with agricultural and industrial goods. It then analyzes the economic arguments underpinning the need for regulation, as well as the need for governments to retain sufficient latitude to implement non-trade-related policy measures. A description of the information available on services subsidies is followed by a classification of services subsidies according to their distortive effects, and by a detailed analysis of those elements that may form a definition of services subsidies for the purpose of a future regulatory framework." "A key section is devoted to the analysis of those existing provisions of the GATS that may exert a certain measure of discipline on services subsidies, and to the question of the desirability and technical feasibility of countervailing measures. Rules on services subsidies contained in regional trade agreements and the need for special and differential treatment for services subsidies by developing countries are also discussed. Finally, and prior to the conclusion, two sectoral studies deal with the question of subsidies aimed at attracting foreign direct investment and subsidies to the audiovisual sector." "This work represents the first extensive and comprehensive analysis of the issue of services subsidies in the context of the GATS, and includes numerous references to relevant European Union State Aid legislation and jurisprudence." --Book Jacket.

The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers

The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers
Author: Kym Anderson
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 59
Release: 2004
Genre: Free trade
ISBN: 0410140910

"This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. Anderson argues that phasing out distortionary government subsidies and barriers to international trade will yield an extraordinarily high benefit-cost ratio. A survey is provided of recent estimates using global economywide simulation models of the benefits of doing that by way of the current Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Even if adjustment costs are several times as large as suggested by available estimates, the benefit-cost ratio from seizing this opportunity exceeds 20. That is much higher than the rewards from regional or bilateral trade agreements or from providing preferential access for least-developed countries' exports to high-income countries. Such reform would simultaneously contribute to alleviating several of the other key challenges reflected in the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals"--Abstract.

Government Subsidies

Government Subsidies
Author: Mr.Benedict J. Clements
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 58
Release: 1995-09-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451851480

This paper addresses the problems of defining and measuring government subsidies, examines why and how government subsidies are used as a fiscal policy tool, assesses their economic effects, appraises international empirical evidence on government subsidies, and offers options for their reform. Recent international trends in government subsidy expenditure are analyzed for the 16-year period from 1975 to 1990, using general government subsidy data for 60 countries from the System of National Accounts (SNA) and central government expenditure on subsidies and other current transfers for 68 countries from Government Finance Statistics (GFS). The paper reviews major policy options for subsidy reform, focusing on ways to improve the cost-effectiveness of subsidy programs.

A Handbook of International Trade in Services

A Handbook of International Trade in Services
Author: Aaditya Mattoo
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 675
Release: 2008
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 019923521X

This title provides a comprehensive introduction to the key issues in trade and liberalization of services. Providing a useful overview of the players involved, the barriers to trade, and case studies in a number of service industries, this is ideal for policymakers and students interested in trade.

Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms

Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms
Author: Maria Vagliasindi
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 348
Release: 2012-11-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0821395629

Poorly implemented energy subsidies are economically costly to taxpayers and damage the environment. This book aims to provide lessons from a sample of twenty case studies to help policymakers address implementation challenges and overcome political economy and affordability constraints.

Subsidies to Chinese Industry

Subsidies to Chinese Industry
Author: Usha C.V. Haley
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2013-05-02
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0199773742

Government subsidies have contributed to China's success as manufacturer and exporter in capital-intensive industries. China's state-capitalist regime uses subsidies to stabilize and create common understandings of markets among governments and firms.

WTO Disciplines on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures

WTO Disciplines on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures
Author: Dominic Coppens
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 695
Release: 2014-05-22
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1139916017

Does the WTO leave appropriate policy space to its Members to pursue legitimate objectives, such as the economic development of developing countries, the conversion to a greener economy, or recovery in times of a global economic downturn? This legal and normative analysis of the WTO rules on subsidies and countervailing measures sheds light on why governments resort to subsidization and, by tracing the historical origins of the SCM Agreement and the Agreement on Agriculture, on why they have been willing to gradually confine their policy space. This sets the stage for a systematic and comprehensive legal analysis of both agreements, which integrates the vast amount of case law and proposals tabled in the Doha round. A separate case study explores the complex rules on export credit support, and the book closes with an in-depth normative assessment of these WTO rules on subsidies and countervailing measures.