The Impact Of Social Capital On Well Being In Rural Communities
Download The Impact Of Social Capital On Well Being In Rural Communities full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online free The Impact Of Social Capital On Well Being In Rural Communities ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
| Author | : Jane L. Harrison |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 231 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : Community development |
| ISBN | : |
This study seeks to explore the relationship between social capital and well-being in the rural Western United States. Mixed methods were employed to understand the concepts from multiple angles, using both profile and process indicators. An econometric approach used profile indicators and relied on data from 414 counties in the Western United States. A case study approach used process indicators and relied primarily on qualitative data from three rural communities and their respective counties in Washington State. Results from the econometric approach indicated that social capital is not a significant factor in determining poverty rates, one indicator of community well-being. Poverty rates were similarly shown to not be significant in explaining social capital levels in a community. The econometric approach tested a variety of model estimators, including ordinary least squares, two stage least squares, and two stage least squares with spatially lagged dependent variables and spatially correlated error terms. The results underscore the importance of accounting for simultaneity and spatial dimensions in studies of community well-being. Because many factors that contribute to well-being are jointly determined with well-being and indicators of well-being are frequently spatially clustered, this situation is likely to be more common than has been typically recognized in the literature. The depth of the case study findings enhance our understanding of the impacts of social capital on community well-being by dividing the concept of social capital into three types, making it clear that simple aggregation of civic organizations or evidence of civic behavior is insufficient to understand the scales at which social capital works. More social capital is not necessarily better. Generally, interviewees stressed the importance of bridging social capital to achieve community-wide desired outcomes. Yet, strong bonding and bridging social capital had no potency when linking social capital with key powerbrokers was absent. Although the econometric results did not indicate a significant relationship between social capital and poverty rates, the case study approach revealed social capital to be a critical ingredient in the resolution of diverse economic opportunities and disturbances. Finally, the case study approach revealed how social capital is created and can be built up or depleted. My hope is that the findings are useful for community development practitioners, rural community leaders, and public land managers that interface with rural communities.
| Author | : Lisa F. Berkman |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 428 |
| Release | : 2000-03-09 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780195083316 |
This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.
| Author | : Ichiro Kawachi |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 295 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0387713107 |
As interest in social capital has grown over the past decade—particularly in public health —so has the lack of consensus on exactly what it is and what makes it worth studying. Ichiro Kawachi, a widely respected leader in the field, and 21 contributors (including physicians, economists, and public health experts) discuss the theoretical origins of social capital, the strengths and limitations of current methodologies of measuring it, and salient examples of social capital concepts informing public health practice. Among the highlights: Measurement methods: survey, sociometric, ethnographic, experimental The relationship between social capital and physical health and health behaviors: smoking, substance abuse, physical activity, sexual activity Social capital and mental health: early findings Social capital and the aging community Social capital and disaster preparedness Social Capital and Health is certain to inspire a new generation of research on this topic, and will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in public health, health behavior, and social epidemiology.
| Author | : Anna Almakaeva |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 274 |
| Release | : 2021-10-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 3030758133 |
This book presents a cross-cultural investigation into the interplay between social capital and subjective well-being. Based on a quantitative analysis of the latest large-N cross-cultural data sets, including the World Value Survey and the European Social Survey, and covering various countries, it offers a comparative perspective on and new insights into the determinants of social capital and well-being. By identifying both universal and culture-specific patterns, the authors shed new light on the spatial and temporal differentiation of social capital and subjective well-being. The book is divided into two main parts: The first discusses mutual trust, religious and cultural tolerance, and pro-social and human values as essential dimensions of social capital. In turn, the second part studies social capital as a source of subjective well-being and life satisfaction. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scholars of sociology, social psychology, political science and economics seeking a deeper understanding of the multi-faceted nature of social capital and well-being.
| Author | : Hans Westlund |
| Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 353 |
| Release | : 2013-01-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1782540601 |
ÔThis book by Westlund and Kobayashi emphasises the fact that the gap between urban and rural areas is no longer relevant today: all places and regions are under a strong influence from cities. The authors show in a straightforward way that the continuum between more and less urbanized places requires new types of regulations, based on innovation and local skills, and that rural policies cannot be based on agriculture only but primarily require the mobilization of local social capital links.Õ Ð AndrŽ Torre, INRA Ð Agroparistech, Paris, France ÔÒRuralÓ communities are not all resource dependent and very low-density places. Not all have people leaving in droves and no newcomers. This bookÕs theoretical arguments and case studies (from five countries) help one understand better the diversity of ÒruralÓ. We find population gainers, population losers; newcomers and long-term ÒstayersÓ together in sizable towns; Aboriginal communities where out-migration is limited. The diversity is a key dimension in the analyses of public and private action to build and maintain social capital.Õ Ð Roger E. Bolton, Williams College, US ÔThis amazingly surprising book takes the popular topic of social capital and provocatively examines the contemporary rural development issue. New social capital driven thinking and insights are applied globally from a conceptual frame and locally with examples. The way forward for both urban and rural development is achieved when the variables that define social capital are simultaneously balanced around focused development objectives. Examples show how a multidimensional view of social capital enables meaningful rural development.Õ Ð Roger R. Stough, George Mason University, US Social capital is often considered a key factor for local development. This book analyzes the role of social capital for rural areasÕ survival and development in the current age of metropolitan growth Ð an era in which urban is the norm and where rural areas must adapt to this new situation and build innovative urban-rural relations. The traditional division between ÔruralÕ and ÔurbanÕ is no longer valid in the knowledge society. Instead of being a homogeneous unit based on primary sector production, the countryside in the developed world increasingly consists of areas with very different development paths. With examples from Europe, Asia and America, the book discusses building and renewal of rural social capital from both bottom-up and top-down perspectives, and from the standpoint of business, and both the public and private sectors. Being the first book to treat social capital and rural development in the age of megacities and the knowledge economy, it will be of great benefit to academics interested in social capital research and rural development.
| Author | : Tianyu Li |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
More and more literatures suggest that sociological factors, instead of health care system, are keys to improve health situations in the United States. This study aims at contributing to these literatures by focusing on how social capital affects health outcomes in Iowa's rural communities. Social capital in this study is measured at the individual and community levels. The first hypothesis of the study is that individual-level social capital has a direct positive effect on health outcomes after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic factors. The second is that community-level social capital positively predicts health outcomes after controlling for individual-level variables in rural communities in Iowa. Data used in the study come from a house quality and health status survey conducted in 2001 by the Rural Development Initiative (RDI) research group in the sociology Department at Iowa State University. Six rural communities were purposively selected from the RDI 99 rural-community list. Approximately 200 households were randomly selected from each of the six communities. Totally 1,244 questionnaires were mailed out, and 646 households filled out and returned the questionnaires. All 646 questionnaires are valid. A variety of statistical methods were carried out. OLS regressions were used to test the individual-level hypothesis. Hierarchical linear models and two-sample t-tests were carried out to test the community level hypothesis. The analyses provide strong evidence that individual-level social capital has a positive significant effect on health outcomes after controlling for age, gender, and household income in the six rural cities. No solid evidence has been found that community-level social capital predicts health outcomes significantly after controlling for individual-level variables. However, the findings don't necessarily suggest that there is no relationship between community-level social capital and health outcomes after individual-level variables are controlled for because the data have a small community-level sample size. It is hard to get significant findings if the sample size is too small. The study suggests for future research directions. A large number of heterogeneous rural communities will help to find evidences of significant effects of community-level social capital on health outcomes in rural communities in Iowa.
| Author | : John M. Halstead |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 233 |
| Release | : 2015-04-24 |
| Genre | : Architecture |
| ISBN | : 1317686047 |
In Social Capital at the Community Level, John Halstead and Steven Deller examine social capital formation beyond the individual level through a variety of disciplines: planning, economics, regional development, sociology, as well as non-traditional approaches like engineering and built environmental features. The notion of social capital in community and economic development has become a focus of intense interest for policy makers, practitioners, and academics. The notion is that communities with higher levels of social capital (networks, trust, and norms) will prosper both economically and socially. In a practical sense, how do communities use the notion of social capital to build policies and strategies to move their community forward? Are all forms of social capital the same and do all have a positive influence on the community? To help gain insights into these fundamental questions Social Capital at the Community Level takes a holistic, interdisciplinary or systems approach to thinking about the community. While those who study social capital will acknowledge the need for an interdisciplinary approach, most stay within their disciplinary silos. One could say there is strong bonding social capital within disciplines but little bridging social capital across disciplines. The contributors to Social Capital at the Community Level have made an attempt to build that bridging social capital. While disciplinary biases and research approaches are evident there is significant overlap about how people with different disciplinary perspectives think about social capital and how it can be applied at the community level. This can be from neighborhoods addressing a localized issue to a global response to a natural disaster. This book is an invaluable resource for scholars, researchers and policy makers of community and economic development, as well as rural sociologists and planners looking to understand the opaque process of social capital formation in communities.
| Author | : Ichiro Kawachi |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 353 |
| Release | : 2013-07-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461474647 |
This book is a follow up to Social Capital and Health (2008), edited by Kawachi, Subramanian & Kim. Global Perspectives on Social Capital and Health provides a timely update on emerging topics in a fast-growing field, and features contributions from an outstanding international team of scholars, selected from a diverse range of disciplinary backgrounds including: social epidemiology, medical geography, social psychology, social welfare and gerontology, pediatrics, political science, economics, and medical sociology. The book is organized in three parts: Part 1. Emerging directions in social capital research. This section highlights novel directions in social capital research. These include: a) novel settings for conducting research on social capital (workplaces, schools), b) new approaches for causal inference in social capital (instrumental variable analysis, twin fixed effects designs); c) cutting-edge directions for social capital research, including studies of the origins of community social capital, the use of social network analysis to investigate social capital, and novel methods for investigating the link between social capital and crime. Part 2. Social capital and health policy. The three chapters in this section highlight implications of social capital for interventions and health policy. Part 3. Social capital and health in global perspective The four chapters in this section look at research on social capital and health from a global perspective. The authors summarize the empirical studies on social capital and health conducted in each country/region, or each population group; discuss how the concept of social capital “translates” across different cultures; and identify challenges and future directions for research.
| Author | : Elena Pisani |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 522 |
| Release | : 2017-10-27 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 331954277X |
This book addresses the role of social capital in promoting rural and local development. The recent financial and economic crises have exposed the European Union (EU) to an increased risk of social exclusion and poverty, which are now at the heart of its economic, employment and social agenda with explicit reference to rural and marginal areas (Europe 2020). The authors' work from the notion that rural development is not imposed from the ‘outside’, but depends also on endogenous factors, namely local cultural and ecological amenities, eco-system services, and economic links with urban areas which expand rural opportunities for innovation, competitiveness, employment and sustainable development. Social capital is of paramount importance because it helps build networks and trusting relations among local stakeholders in the public and private spheres, and supporting the enhancement of governance of natural resources in rural areas
| Author | : Susan Saegert |
| Publisher | : Russell Sage Foundation |
| Total Pages | : 353 |
| Release | : 2002-01-10 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1610444825 |
Neighborhood support groups have always played a key role in helping the poor survive, but combating poverty requires more than simply meeting the needs of day-to-day subsistence. Social Capital and Poor Communities shows the significant achievements that can be made through collective strategies, which empower the poor to become active partners in revitalizing their neighborhoods. Trust and cooperation among residents and local organizations such as churches, small businesses, and unions form the basis of social capital, which provides access to resources that would otherwise be out of reach to poor families. Social Capital and Poor Communities examines civic initiatives that have built affordable housing, fostered small businesses, promoted neighborhood safety, and increased political participation. At the core of each initiative lie local institutions—church congregations, parent-teacher groups, tenant associations, and community improvement alliances. The contributors explore how such groups build networks of leaders and followers and how the social power they cultivate can be successfully transferred from smaller goals to broader political advocacy. For example, community-based groups often become platforms for leaders hoping to run for local office. Church-based groups and interfaith organizations can lobby for affordable housing, job training programs, and school improvement. Social Capital and Poor Communities convincingly demonstrates why building social capital is so important in enabling the poor to seek greater access to financial resources and public services. As the contributors make clear, this task is neither automatic nor easy. The book's frank discussions of both successes and failures illustrate the pitfalls—conflicts of interest, resistance from power elites, and racial exclusion—that can threaten even the most promising initiatives. The impressive evidence in this volume offers valuable insights into how goal formation, leadership, and cooperation can be effectively cultivated, resulting in a remarkable force for change and a rich public life even for those communities mired in seemingly hopeless poverty. A Volume in the Ford Foundation Series on Asset Building
