The Hydrated Electron
Author | : Edwin James Hart |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 298 |
Release | : 1970 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Edwin James Hart |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 298 |
Release | : 1970 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Frances M. Ross |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 529 |
Release | : 2017 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1107116570 |
2.6.2 Electrodes for Electrochemistry
Author | : Mehran Mostafavi |
Publisher | : L'Editeur : EDP Sciences |
Total Pages | : 307 |
Release | : 2008 |
Genre | : Radiation chemistry |
ISBN | : 9782759800247 |
Author | : Jennifer Ryan Casey |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 115 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Since its discovery over fifty years ago, the hydrated electron has been the subject of much interest. Hydrated electrons, which are free electrons in water, are found in fields ranging from biochemistry to radiation chemistry, so it is important that we understand the structure and dynamics of this species. Because of its high reactivity, the hydrated electron's structure has proven difficult to pin down, especially its molecular details. One-electron mixed quantum/classical molecular dynamics simulations have proven useful in helping elucidate the structure of the hydrated electron. The picture most commonly presented from these studies is one of the electron residing in a cavity, disrupting the local water structure much like an anion the size of bromide. Our group has recently proposed a completely different structure for the hydrated electron, which arose from rigorous calculations of a new electron-water potential. The picture that emerged was of an electron that does not occupy a cavity but instead draws water within itself; this non-cavity electron resides in a region of enhanced water density. The one-electron cavity and non-cavity models all predict similar experimental observables that probe the electronic structure of the hydrated electron, such as the optical absorption spectrum, which makes it difficult to determine which model most accurately describes the true structure of the hydrated electron. In this thesis, we work to calculate experimental observables for various simulated cavity and non-cavity models that are particularly sensitive to the local water structure near the electron, in an effort to distinguish the various models from each other. Two particular observables we are interested in are the resonance Raman spectrum and the temperature dependent optical absorption spectrum of the hydrated electron. We find that for both of these experiments, only the non-cavity model has qualitative agreement with experiment; the cavity models miss the experimental temperature dependence in the optical absorption spectrum and show the wrong trends in the resonance Raman spectrum. We also explore the differences between non-cavity and cavity models by quantifying the electron-water overlap, referring to the non-cavity model as an `inverse plum pudding, ' where the water molecules are embedded within the electron density. Finally, we examine hydrated electrons in the presence of an air/water interface. Experiments indicate that most likely electrons do not reside at the surface, and if they do, they have structural and dynamical properties reminiscent of the bulk. Our calculated Potentials of Mean Force indicate that both cavity and non-cavity electrons prefer to be solvated by the bulk, but that the cavity electron has a local free energy minimum near the surface. These calculated interfacial cavity electrons behave very differently than cavity electrons in the bulk, in direct contrast to experimental evidence. From the work presented in this thesis, it is clear that the non-cavity electron is the most appropriate one-electron model we have for the structure of the hydrated electron.
Author | : Ivan Draganic |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 257 |
Release | : 2012-12-02 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0323158781 |
The Radiation Chemistry of Water tackles radiation-induced changes in water and explains the behavior of irradiated water, with some changes in aqueous solutions. This book deals primarily with short-lived species like the hydroxyl radical, hydrated electron, and hydrogen atom, which cause the chemical changes in irradiated water and aqueous solutions. These species and their origin, properties, and dependence of their yields on various factors are discussed in several chapters. Other topics also covered are the diffusion-kinetic model of water radiolysis and some general cases, radiation sources, and dosimetry. This book is most useful to students in the fields of radiation chemistry, physical chemistry, radiobiology, and nuclear technology.
Author | : Biman Bagchi |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 383 |
Release | : 2013-11-14 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 1107037298 |
A unified overview of the dynamical properties of water and its unique and diverse role in biological and chemical processes.
Author | : A. Mozumder |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 409 |
Release | : 1999-08-16 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0080532179 |
This book describes the physical and chemical effects of radiation interaction with matter. Beginning with the physical basis for the absorption of charged particle radiations, Fundamentals of Radiation Chemistry provides a systematic account of the formation of products, including the nature and properties of intermediate species. Developed from first principles, the coverage of fundamentals and applications will appeal to an interdisciplinary audience of radiation physicists and radiation biologists. Only an undergraduate background in chemistry and physics is assumed as a prerequisite for the understanding of applications in research and industry. Provides a working knowledge of radiation effects for students and non-experts Stresses the role of the electron both as a radiation and as a reactant species Contains clear diagrams of track models Includes a chapter on applications Written by an expert with more than thirty years of experience in a premiere research laboratory Culled from the author's painstaking research of journals and other publications over several decades
Author | : Igor Smirnov |
Publisher | : Universal-Publishers |
Total Pages | : 164 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Health & Fitness |
ISBN | : 1581124783 |
This is the first book to reveal the mechanism of 'long-term water memory' effects. The theory is based on precise mathematical calculations and a fundamental physical model of clathrate hydrates developed by Pauling in 1959. This book gives a detailed review of modern theories dealing with structure and properties of water. It also provides theory regarding the effect of activated water on biological systems under the life suppressive conditions such as ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. In addition, it provides detail information regarding the mechanism of DNA self-reparation process under the influence of activated water. Also included is a chapter on the innovative patented technology based on mechanism of 'long-term water memory' to prove the feasilibity with experimental data and protocols.