The Gender Implications Of Public Sector Downsizing
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| Author | : Martín Rama |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 42 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Downsizing of organizations |
| ISBN | : |
Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. In Vietnam during the massive downsizing in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. But in the downsizing in the early part of this decade women are less likely than men to be retrenched in large numbers.
| Author | : Martin Rama |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 37 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. In Vietnam during the massive downsizing in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. But in the downsizing in the early part of this decade women are less likely than men to be retrenched in large numbers.Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. After briefly reviewing the international evidence on this issue, Rama looks at the recent experience of Vietnam and the prospects of its new reform program.During the massive downsizing in Vietnam in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. Women withdrew from the labor force in larger numbers than men after separation, but the difference nearly vanished after a year. Economic reforms were associated with a considerable decline in the gender gap in earnings, both in the state sector and outside it.Women are less likely to be retrenched in large numbers in the downsizing in the early part of this decade. Labor redundancies are concentrated in male-dominated sectors, such as mining, transport, and construction; redundancies are smaller in female-dominated sectors, such as footwear, textiles, and garments. Moreover, temporary and short-term contracts are more prevalent in female-dominated sectors, suggesting demand for women's work.Assistance programs for redundant workers have potential gender biases. Rama shows that separation packages defined as a multiple of earnings favor men more, while lump-sum packages favor women more. Packages based on seniority are roughly gender neutral, but require a substantially higher expenditure to reach the same acceptance rate as the other two.This paper - a product of Public Service Delivery, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to address social protection issues in the context of economic reforms. The study was supported by the Vietnam Country Office, East Asia and Pacific Region, and by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project quot;Efficient Public Sector Downsizingquot; (RPO 683-67). The author may be contacted at [email protected].
| Author | : Rama |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Susan Razzaz |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Downsizing programs are an important part of many public sector reforms supported by the World Bank. Although these programs can reduce budget deficits and address inefficiencies caused by state-led development strategies, many observers are concerned about the political and social consequences of mass layoffs as well as the disproportionate share of the losses that some groups of workers may bear. This note examines the differing possible impacts of downsizing on male and female employees and the consequences for households and the economy at large. After discussing why the distributional consequences of downsizing are important, the note introduces a simple tool that can be used in the design of downsizing programs to minimize negative distributional consequences. Although this note focuses on the differing effects of downsizing on men and women, similar concerns apply to other categories of workers (such as different ethnic groups). This tool can easily be adapted to minimize the negative distributional consequences for other groups as well.
| Author | : Vernon Dale Jones |
| Publisher | : M.E. Sharpe |
| Total Pages | : 306 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780765601186 |
This text explores the effects of the corporate downsizing of the 1970s and 1980s which still reverberate in American society in the 1990s. It focuses on the implementation of the Clinton administration's "reinventing government" initiative across three federal agencies.
| Author | : Vernon Dale Jones |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 264 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Downsizing of organizations |
| ISBN | : 9781315503295 |
| Author | : Martin Rama |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Most downsizing operations show high financial returns, but their economic returns depend crucially on their design. After comparing public sector employment across countries, the author analyzes the optimal design of downsizing operations from a microeconomic perspective. The author discusses how to identify redundant workers when individual productivity is observable, as is often the case in state enterprises. Comparisons of productivity and labor costs are misleading because overstaffing is only one among several distortions. The author proposes using a shadow cost of labor, much the same as in standard investment projects. The author then discusses how to identify redundancies when individual productivity cannot be observed, as in government administration. Voluntary separations in exchange for severance pay create an adverse selection problem, whereby the best workers leave the public sector and the worst workers stay. The author discusses other self-selection methods more likely to create an incentive for the best workers to stay rather than quit. Most offers of severance pay tend to overcompensate workers. The author analyzes how labor data can be used to predict the loss replaced workers will experience and to tailor compensation to their individual characteristics. Finally, the author discusses the appropriate sequence of downsizing and privatization, the consequences of early retirement programs, and the usefulness of training programs and other active labor policies.
| Author | : Stephen M. Whitehead |
| Publisher | : Psychology Press |
| Total Pages | : 256 |
| Release | : 1999 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1857288750 |
In the 1990s, considerable changes in the political and social world have impacted on the character of both public and private organizations. At a time of increased uncertainty and insecurity in these organizations, new ways of managing and being managed have emerged. Recognising that organizational life is part reflective and determined by dominant social discourses, factors of gender will inevitably be central to the dynamics of organizational change. This book addresses theoretical ideas and mythologies in the examination of gendered organizations. The need to examine men in relation to family, law and society in general is growing, and this book extends this interrogation to work and organizational life. It will be of interest to students in management studies, public sector management and those involved in public policy making as well as students and academics within gender studies and sociology.
| Author | : Charlotte A. Cudmore |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 96 |
| Release | : 1999 |
| Genre | : Downsizing of organizations |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Aline Coudouel |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 470 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0821363492 |
"The analysis of the distributional impact of policy reforms on the well-being or welfare of different stakeholder groups, particularly on th e poor and vulnerable, has an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing countries. In recent years this type of work has been labeled as Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) and is increasingly implemented to promote evidence-based policy choices and foster debate on policy reform options. While information is available on the general approach, techniques, and tools for distributional analysis, each sector displays a series of specific characteristics. These have implications for the analysis of distributional impacts, including the types of impacts and transmission channels that warrant particular attention, the tools and techniques most appropriate, the data source typically utilized, and the range of political economy factors most likely to affect the reform process. This volume provides an overview of the specific issues arising in the analysis of the distributional impacts of policy and institutional reforms in selected sectors. Each chapter offers guidance on the selection of tools and techniques most adapted to the reforms under scrutiny, and offers examples of applications of these approaches. This is a companion to the first volume, which offers guidance on trade, monetary and exchange rate policy, utility provision, agricultural markets, land policy, and education."
