The Empirical Stance

The Empirical Stance
Author: Bas C. Van Fraassen
Publisher: Yale University Press
Total Pages: 310
Release: 2002-01-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780300103069

What is empiricism and what could it be? The author, contributor to philosophical logic and the philosophy of science, undertakes a fresh consideration of these questions and offers a programme for renewal of the empiricist tradition.

The Empirical Stance

The Empirical Stance
Author: Bas C. van Fraassen
Publisher: Yale University Press
Total Pages: 302
Release: 2008-10-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0300127960

What is empiricism and what could it be? Bas C. van Fraassen, one of the world’s foremost contributors to philosophical logic and the philosophy of science, here undertakes a fresh consideration of these questions and offers a program for renewal of the empiricist tradition. The empiricist tradition is not and could not be defined by common doctrines, but embodies a certain stance in philosophy, van Fraassen says. This stance is displayed first of all in a searing, recurrent critique of metaphysics, and second in a focus on experience that requires a voluntarist view of belief and opinion. Van Fraassen focuses on the philosophical problems of scientific and conceptual revolutions and on the not unrelated ruptures between religious and secular ways of seeing or conceiving of ourselves. He explores what it is to be or not be secular and points the way toward a new relationship between secularism and science within philosophy.

Scientific Representation

Scientific Representation
Author: James Nguyen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 154
Release: 2022-09-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1009007343

This Element presents a philosophical exploration of the notion of scientific representation. It does so by focussing on an important class of scientific representations, namely scientific models. Models are important in the scientific process because scientists can study a model to discover features of reality. But what does it mean for something to represent something else? This is the question discussed in this Element. The authors begin by disentangling different aspects of the problem of representation and then discuss the dominant accounts in the philosophical literature: the resemblance view and inferentialism. They find them both wanting and submit that their own preferred option, the so-called DEKI account, not only eschews the problems that beset these conceptions, but further provides a comprehensive answer to the question of how scientific representation works. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Scientific Ontology

Scientific Ontology
Author: Anjan Chakravartty
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2017
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0190651458

Though science and philosophy take different approaches to ontology, metaphysical inferences are relevant to interpreting scientific work, and empirical investigations are relevant to philosophy. This book argues that there is no uniquely rational way to determine which domains of ontology are appropriate for belief, making room for choice in a transformative account of scientific ontology.

Wittgenstein's Metaphilosophy

Wittgenstein's Metaphilosophy
Author: Paul Horwich
Publisher: Oxford University Press (UK)
Total Pages: 243
Release: 2012-12-13
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 019966112X

Paul Horwich presents a bold new interpretation of Wittgenstein's later work. He argues that it is Wittgenstein's radically anti-theoretical metaphilosophy - and not his identification of the meaning of a word with its use - that underpins his discussions of specific issues concerning language, the mind, mathematics, knowledge, art, and religion.

Shen Gua's Empiricism

Shen Gua's Empiricism
Author: Ya Zuo
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2020-10-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1684170974

"Shen Gua (1031–1095) is a household name in China, known as a distinguished renaissance man and the author of Brush Talks from Dream Brook, an old text whose remarkable “scientific” discoveries make it appear curiously ahead of its time. In this first book-length study of Shen in English, Ya Zuo reveals the connection between Shen’s life as an active statesman and his ideas, specifically the empirical stance manifested through his wide-ranging inquiries. She places Shen on the broad horizon of premodern Chinese thought, and presents his empiricism within an extensive narrative of Chinese epistemology.Relying on Shen as a searchlight, Zuo focuses in on how an individual thinker summoned conditions and concepts from the vast Chinese intellectual tradition to build a singular way of knowing. Moreover, her study of Shen provides insights into the complex dynamics in play at the dawn of the age of Neo-Confucianism and compels readers to achieve a deeper appreciation of the diversity in Chinese thinking."

The Scientific Image

The Scientific Image
Author: Bas C. Van Fraassen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 260
Release: 1980-12-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780198244271

In this book van Fraassen develops an alternative to scientific realism by constructing and evaluating three mutually reinforcing theories.

A Metaphysics for Scientific Realism

A Metaphysics for Scientific Realism
Author: Anjan Chakravartty
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 235
Release: 2007-10-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1139468391

Scientific realism is the view that our best scientific theories give approximately true descriptions of both observable and unobservable aspects of a mind-independent world. Debates between realists and their critics are at the very heart of the philosophy of science. Anjan Chakravartty traces the contemporary evolution of realism by examining the most promising strategies adopted by its proponents in response to the forceful challenges of antirealist sceptics, resulting in a positive proposal for scientific realism today. He examines the core principles of the realist position, and sheds light on topics including the varieties of metaphysical commitment required, and the nature of the conflict between realism and its empiricist rivals. By illuminating the connections between realist interpretations of scientific knowledge and the metaphysical foundations supporting them, his book offers a compelling vision of how realism can provide an internally consistent and coherent account of scientific knowledge.

Conjectures and Refutations

Conjectures and Refutations
Author: Karl Raimund Popper
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 614
Release: 2002
Genre: Knowledge, Theory of
ISBN: 9780415285940

Conjectures and Refutations is one of Karl Popper's most wide-ranging and popular works, notable not only for its acute insight into the way scientific knowledge grows, but also for applying those insights to politics and to history. It provides one of the clearest and most accessible statements of the fundamental idea that guided his work: not only our knowledge, but our aims and our standards, grow through an unending process of trial and error.

Cicero on the Philosophy of Religion

Cicero on the Philosophy of Religion
Author: J. P. F. Wynne
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2019-10-17
Genre: History
ISBN: 1107070481

Do the gods love you? Cicero gives deep and surprising answers in two philosophical dialogues on traditional Roman religion.