The Effects Of Reduced Tillage On Phosphate Transport From Agricultural Land
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Author | : Terry J. Logan |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Agricultural pollution |
ISBN | : |
This report examines and summarizes published and some unpublished data on the relative effects of conservation tillage (primarily no till) versus conventional tillage on surface runoff, soil loss and phosphorus loss. The data show that conservation tillage increased runoff relative to conventional tillage on soils with poor internal drainage and reduced runoff on more permeable soils. Conservation tillage greatly reduced soil loss and total particulate P (TPP) loss, but the percent reduction of TPP was only 89% of the percent reduction in soil loss. Conservation tillage increased soluble P (OP) losses in all cases. Conservation tillage was less effective in reducing plant-available (Bray P1) phosphate than in reducing TPP. P fertilization in excess of crop needs increased soluble P losses in runoff, and the effect of P fertilization on soluble P losses was greatest with no till because of P accumulation at the surface. (Author).
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 220 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
Author | : J. L. Hatfield |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 332 |
Release | : 1997-11-01 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9781439822630 |
This unique book examines the beneficial aspects of animal waste as a soil resource - not simply as an agricultural by-product with minimal practical use. Topics include o types of livestock waste - swine, poultry, dairy o methods and management of waste utilization o storage, handling, processing and application of animal waste o supplying crop nutrients o economics of waste utilization o new modeling and management techniques o nonpoint source pollution, water quality, leaching, and air quality.
Author | : Terry J. Logan |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 40 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Pesticides |
ISBN | : |
A major shift from conventional tillage to conservation tillage will be required to reduce soil loss and diffuse sources of phosphorus in the Lake Erie drainage basin. This shift will require some changes in the kinds and amounts of pesticides used and may change the losses of these compounds in runoff. Alachlor, atrazine and butylate account for about 77% of the herbicide used in Indiana, Michigan and Ohio, and carbofuran, fonofos and terbufos represent about 86% of the insecticide use. Most of the pesticides in use in the basin today are relatively nonpersistent and have low mammalian and fish toxicities. A major shift to conservation tillage will increase use of paraquat and glyphosate herbicides and reduce the use of soil-incorporated materials such as butylate and trifluralin. About 1% of applied pesticide is lost in runoff, much of it in the first event after the compound is applied. Pesticide losses are reduced with increased surface cover, but this effect decreases with pesticides that are water-soluble and have only moderate to low affinity for soil particles. Losses of pesticides from agricultural land in the Lake Erie basin are not expected to measurably change with a shift to conservation tillage. (Author).
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 534 |
Release | : 1982 |
Genre | : Water |
ISBN | : |
Author | : David B. Baker |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 248 |
Release | : 1988 |
Genre | : Agricultural pollution |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Clive A. Edwards |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 718 |
Release | : 2020-11-25 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 1000162273 |
A unique look at how the adoption of sustainable farming methods is being pursued throughout the world. This comprehensive book provides clear insight into research and education needs and the many points of view that come to bear on the issue of sustainability. Essential for agricultural leaders in research, education, conservation, policy making, and anyone else interested in creating an economically and environmentally sustainable agriculture worldwide.
Author | : M.R. Carter |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 406 |
Release | : 2017-09-08 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1351367277 |
In this invaluable book, leading agronomic researchers provide in-depth reviews of present conservation tillage practices in a wide variety of temperate agroecosystems. Each chapter characterizes how conservation tillage has been developed and adapted or modified to fit specific environments, with the chapters divided into the following climate regions: Cool Humid, Cool Humid to Warm Humid, Warm Humid, and Sub-Humid to Semi-Arid Continental. Each chapter also discusses important topics such as weed problems, crop rotation, fertilizer requirements, soil properties and processes, soil erosion, soil chemistry, soil physics, and environmental issues. A perfect working reference, this resource provides a synthesis of existing research and practices and shows how soil, climatic, and biological constraints can be overcome or circumvented.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 422 |
Release | : 2000-08-17 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309069483 |
Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.
Author | : Gary M. Pierzynski |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 602 |
Release | : 2005-05-02 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9780849316166 |
Aperpetual bestseller, this third edition remains the obvious choice for those instructors who strive to make their teaching applicable to contemporary issues. The three authors, all teaching professors distinguished in soil science, have updated this student favorite to include a greater number of even more relevant topics. Responding to requests, they have also placed an increased emphasis on management issues. As with previous editions, the third edition offers students in soil or environmental science an overview of soil science, hydrology, atmospheric chemistry, and pollutant classification. The text moves from the theoretical to the practical with an abundance of contemporary examples, such as an exploration of allowable pesticide concentrations in drinking water and an inquiry into soil contamination from the trace elements in organic by-products. Also considered are the use of soil carbon sequestration as a remedy for global climate change, and the effects of acid precipitation on forestation. NEW TO THE THIRD EDITION: · New chapters on nutrient management planning, and the environmental testing of soil, plants, water, and air · Additional and revised case studies that continue to relate academic content to real-life situations, while inspiring students with real –life challenges to solve · Eight-page color inset · Direct encouragement and links to fully access the Internet as a resource for the most up-to-date findings Always Relevant, Always Interesting The text also covers environmentally-related current events, fostering discussion of the political, economic, and regulatory aspects of environmental issues, the human side of environmental problems, the use and misuse of the scientific method, and potential bias in the presentation of facts. Students in soil science, environmental science, chemistry, biology, geology, and other disciplines will gain valuable insight from this multifaceted text.