The Effects Of Cross Examination On Childrens Reports
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| Author | : J R Spencer |
| Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 314 |
| Release | : 2012-06-01 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1847319556 |
In 2009, Stephen Barker was convicted of rape on the evidence of a little girl who was four-and-a-half years old at the trial, and about three-and-a-half when first interviewed by the police. The high point of the proceedings was the child's appearance as a live witness in order for Barker's counsel to attempt a cross-examination. This case focused attention on the need, imposed by current English law, for even tiny children to come to court for a live cross-examination. In 1989, the Pigot Committee proposed a scheme under which the whole of a young child's evidence, including cross-examination, would be obtained out of court and in advance of trial. In 1999 a provision designed to give effect to this was included in the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act, but it has not yet been brought into force. The full Pigot proposal was implemented, however, in Western Australia, and similar schemes operate in a number of European jurisdictions. This book of essays examines a number of these schemes, and argues the case for further reforms in the UK.
| Author | : Heidi Kloos |
| Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
| Total Pages | : 164 |
| Release | : 2012-11-14 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 9535108557 |
As a whole, the essays in this book address theoretical and empirical issues related to children's learning and cognition. The first essay, titled Learning in Cognitive Niches, treats the process of sense making on a theoretical level, discussing the complexity of factors that give rise to children's learning. It is followed by an essay, titled Using the Dynamics of a Person-Context System to Describe Children's Understanding of Air Pressure, that applies ideas from complexity science and dynamics-systems theory to children's learning about science. The next four essays summarize and synthesize already published findings, in an effort to go beyond individual viewpoints and present a more nuanced picture of children's sense making. In particular, two of these summaries, Preschoolers Learning Science: Myth or Reality? and The Emergence of Scientific Reasoning, focus on children's ability to make sense of their physical environment. The essay Cognition and the Child Witness: Understanding the Impact of Cognitive Development in Forensic Contexts seeks to shed light on children's sense making relevant to forensic issues. And the essay Beyond the Black-and-White of Autism: How Cognitive Performance Varies with Context ventures in the area of autism, a disorder that demonstrates atypical processes of combining pieces of information. The final two essays provide original data to add to the discussion of what factors affect cognitive functioning. In particular, the essay Cognitive Fitness in Young Adult Video Game Players seeks to re-assess the often-assumed relation between video gaming and various aspects of thinking, memory, intelligence, and visual-spatial abilities. And the essay Impact of Moving Away from Home on Undergraduate Metacognitive Development explicitly connects life circumstances to the ability to monitor and control one's thinking. Together, the collection of essays are a further step towards understanding the process of sense making as children and young adults interact with their environment.
| Author | : Ray Bull |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 360 |
| Release | : 2009-06-29 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 0470747609 |
Investigative interviewing, and the information obtained from witnesses and victims, plays a vital role in criminal investigations. This comprehensive handbook explores current developments taking place in this rapidly developing field. An authoritative handbook created by prestigious editors and an international team of recognised authors International in its focus - the book assesses current developments taking place in several countries Takes a holistic approach to the process by including sections on eyewitness indentification and evaluating truthfulness
| Author | : Bette L. Bottoms |
| Publisher | : Guilford Press |
| Total Pages | : 433 |
| Release | : 2009-08-10 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 1606233580 |
Grounded in the latest clinical and developmental knowledge, this book brings together leading authorities to examine the critical issues that arise when children and adolescents become involved in the justice system. Chapters explore young people’s capacities, competencies, and special vulnerabilities as victims, witnesses, and defendants. Key topics include the reliability of children’s abuse disclosures, eyewitness testimony, interviews, and confessions; the evolving role of the expert witness; the psychological impact of trauma and of legal involvement; factors that shape jurors’ perceptions of children; and what works in rehabilitating juvenile offenders. Policies and practices that are not supported by science are identified, and approaches to improving them are discussed.
| Author | : Ray Bull |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 327 |
| Release | : 2018-10-09 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 1351690337 |
In the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces – extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings, and their major practical theoretical contributions. The Selected Works of Professor Ray Bull include some of the most influential insights into the psychology of investigative interviewing. Whether it has been determining whether a suspect is lying or telling the truth, enabling children to provide reliable testimony, or understanding how the dynamics of the interview process itself can affect what is achieved, Professor Bull has been at the forefront in researching this fascinating area of applied psychology for over 40 years, his work informing practice internationally. An elected Honorary Fellow of the British Psychological Society and the first Honorary Life Member of the International Investigative Interviewing Research Group, Professor Bull also drafted parts of the government’s Memorandum of Good Practice and of Achieving Best Evidence on Video Recorded Interviews with Child Witnesses for Criminal Proceedings. Including a specially written introduction in which Professor Bull reflects on a wide-ranging career and contextualises how the field has evolved, this collection will be a valuable resource for students and researchers of forensic psychology.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 1120 |
| Release | : 2015-03-31 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 1118953878 |
The essential reference for human development theory, updatedand reconceptualized The Handbook of Child Psychology and DevelopmentalScience, a four-volume reference, is the field-defining work towhich all others are compared. First published in 1946, and now inits Seventh Edition, the Handbook has long been consideredthe definitive guide to the field of developmental science. Volume 3: Social, Emotional, and Personality Developmentpresentsup-to-date knowledge and theoretical understanding of theseveral facets of social, emotional and personality processes. Thevolume emphasizes that any specific processes, function, orbehavior discussed in the volume co-occurs alongside and isinextricably affected by the dozens of other processes, functions,or behaviors that are the focus of other researchers' work. As aresult, the volume underscores the importance of a focus on thewhole developing child and his or her sociocultural and historicalenvironment. Understand the multiple processes that are interrelated inpersonality development Discover the individual, cultural, social, and economicprocesses that contribute to the social, emotional, and personalitydevelopment of individuals Learn about the several individual and contextual contributionsto the development of such facets of the individual as morality,spirituality, or aggressive/violent behavior Study the processes that contribute to the development ofgender, sexuality, motivation, and social engagement The scholarship within this volume and, as well, across the fourvolumes of this edition, illustrate that developmental science isin the midst of a very exciting period. There is a paradigm shiftthat involves increasingly greater understanding of how todescribe, explain, and optimize the course of human life fordiverse individuals living within diverse contexts. ThisHandbook is the definitive reference for educators,policy-makers, researchers, students, and practitioners in humandevelopment, psychology, sociology, anthropology, andneuroscience.
| Author | : Gavin Oxburgh |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 401 |
| Release | : 2015-12-14 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 1118769236 |
Communication in Investigative and Legal Contexts Despite a number of research studies, there remain significant differences of opinion among psychologists, linguists and other practitioners on how best to describe particular types of questions and communicate most effectively in forensic contexts. Communication in Investigative and Legal Contexts brings clarity to the subject by providing readers with in-depth coverage of the complex area of communication in forensic settings, for example during investigative interviewing of victims, witnesses and suspects/high-interest groups, during discourse in courtrooms, and via legal intermediaries and interpreters. Drawing on knowledge from forensic psychology, linguistics and law enforcement worldwide, the text is unique in bridging the gap between these fields in a definitive guide to best practice, with chapters written by teams bringing together expertise and specialties from each field. Part of the Wiley Series in the Psychology of Crime, Policing and Law, the book is also linked to the International Investigative Interviewing Research Group (iIIRG), a worldwide network of interviewing professionals working with international bodies committed to improving investigative interviewing and ensuring all improvements are underpinned by a robust evidence base. Contributors are sourced from North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific, ensuring International relevance.
| Author | : Anne Cossins |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 722 |
| Release | : 2020-10-21 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1137320516 |
This book examines the justice gap and trial process for sexual assault against both adults and children in two jurisdictions: England and Wales and New South Wales, Australia. Drawing on decades of research, it investigates the reality of the policing and prosecution of sexual assault offences – often seen as one of the ‘hardest crimes to prosecute’ – across two similar jurisdictions. Despite the introduction of the many reform options detailed in the book, satisfactory outcomes for victims and the public are still difficult to obtain. Cossins takes a new approach by examining the nature and effects of adversarialism on vulnerable witnesses, jury decision-making and the structures of power within the trial process, to show how, and at what points, that process is weighted against complainants of sexual assault, in order to make evidence-based suggestions for reform. She argues that this justice gap is a result of a moralistic adversarial culture which fosters myths and misconceptions about rape and child sexual assault, thus requiring the prosecution to prove a complainant’s moral worthiness. She argues this culture can only be eliminated by a radical replacement of the adversarial system with a trauma-informed system. By reviewing the relevant psychological literature, this book documents the triggers for re-traumatisation within an adversarial trial, and discusses the reform measures that would be necessary to transform the sexual assault trial from one where the complainant’s moral worthiness is ‘on trial’ to a fully functioning trauma-informed system. It speaks to students and academics across subjects including law, criminology, gender studies and psychology, and practitioners in law and victim services, as well as policy-makers.
| Author | : Richard Rosner |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 1097 |
| Release | : 2017-02-03 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1482262290 |
The third edition of this award-winning textbook has been revised and thoroughly updated. Building on the success of the previous editions, it continues to address the history and practice of forensic psychiatry, legal regulation of the practice of psychiatry, forensic evaluation and treatment, psychiatry in relation to civil law, criminal law and family law, as well as correctional forensic psychiatry. New chapters address changes in the assessment and treatment of aggression and violence as well as psychological and neuroimaging assessments.
| Author | : Henry Otgaar |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 299 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0190612010 |
Finding the Truth in the Courtroom combines the science behind deception and memory and their relation in court. Testimonies are oftentimes the most important piece of evidence in legal cases. Hence, this book shows how such testimonies can be riddled with deception and/or memory errors, how to detect them, and what you can against them.
