Effect of Isokinetic Strength Training and Deconditioning on Bone Stiffness, Bone Density and Bone Turnover in Military-Aged Women

Effect of Isokinetic Strength Training and Deconditioning on Bone Stiffness, Bone Density and Bone Turnover in Military-Aged Women
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 48
Release: 2001
Genre:
ISBN:
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For physically active military personnel, stress fractures are debilitating and costly. Female soldiers sustain twice the number of stress fractures compared to males. Exercise interventions for women are needed to promote military readiness in ways that enhance bone strength and reduce stress fractures. This study, currently in progress, is investigating the effects of 30 weeks of concentric Vs eccentric isokinetic resistance training on bone stiffness (mechanical impedance), quality (mineral density and content), and bone cell activity (biomarkers of turnover). Female volunteers (N = 120), 18-26 years of age are categorized into normal bone density (NBD, n = 60) and low bone density (LBD, n = 60) subgroups, based on whole body bone density measurements. Subjects then are randomly assigned within NBD and LBD subgroups for concentric (n = 30 LBD, a = 30 NBD) and eccentric (n = 30 LBD, n = 30 NBD) exercise training. Exercises are performed using non-dominant arms and legs, leaving dominant limbs as self-controls. Results of this study will enhance understandings of effects of specialized exercise training on bone adaptations among young adult females. This work has important implications for reducing stress fractures arising from combat-readiness activities and for preventing osteoporosis in women.

Effect of Isokinetic Strength Training and Deconditioning on Bone Stiffness, Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover in Military-Aged Women

Effect of Isokinetic Strength Training and Deconditioning on Bone Stiffness, Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover in Military-Aged Women
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 58
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:
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For physically active military personnel, stress fractures are debilitating and costly. Female soldiers sustain twice the number of stress fractures compared to males. Exercise interventions for women are needed to promote military readiness in ways that enhance bone strength and reduce stress fractures. This study, currently in progress, is investigating the effects of 30 weeks of concentric Vs eccentric isokinetic resistance training on bone stiffness (mechanical impedance), bone quality (mineral density and content), and bone cell activity (biomarkers of turnover). Female volunteers (N = 120), 18-26 years of age have been categorized into normal bone density (NBD, N = 60) and low bone density (LBD, N = 60) subgroups, based on whole body bone density measurements. Subjects subsequently have been randomly assigned within NBD and LBD subgroups for either concentric (n = 30 LBD, n = 30 NBD) and eccentric (N = 30 LBD, N = 30 NBD) isokinetic exercise training. Exercises are performed using non-dominant arms and legs only, leaving dominant limbs as self-controls Results of this study will enhance understandings of effects of specialized isokinetic resistance exercise training on bone adaptations among young adult females. This work has important implications for reducing stress fractures arising from combat- readiness activities in women and their risks for future osteoporosis.

The Effects of a Uniformly Weighted Exercise Suit on Biomarkers of Bone Turnover in Response to Aerobic Exercise in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Density

The Effects of a Uniformly Weighted Exercise Suit on Biomarkers of Bone Turnover in Response to Aerobic Exercise in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Density
Author: Haley Frances Terndrup
Publisher:
Total Pages: 109
Release: 2016
Genre: Biochemical markers
ISBN:
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Current options for maintaining or slowing aging-related bone mineral density (BMD) loss in postmenopausal women primarily include pharmaceutical agents. More recently, physical activity and exercise have been suggested as highly effective, low cost alternatives. Weighted aerobic exercise, utilizing load carriage systems (LCS), is known to increase the gravitational forces impacting bone, creating a higher osteogenic stimulus than standard aerobic exercise. In response to the positive research on aerobic exercise with well-designed LCS, Dr. Lawrence Petrakis, MD, developed a unique 5.44 kg uniformly weighted exercise suit. This study aimed to examine the effects of the uniformly weighted exercise suit on serum biochemical markers of bone formation (Amino- Propeptide of Type 1 Collagen [P1NP]; Carboxy-Terminal Propeptide of Type 1 Collagen [P1CP] and resorption (Carboxy-Terminal Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen [CTX]) in response to submaximal aerobic exercise in postmenopausal women with low bone density. Nine volunteer, sedentary to lightly active, healthy postmenopausal women (Age: 58.7±1.1 years, BMI: 28.2±1.0, BMD T-score: -1.2±0.5) participated in this within-subjects study, wherein each participant exercised under two counterbalanced conditions (aerobic exercise with [ES] or without [NS] the exercise suit). During each condition, participants walked on a treadmill at 65%-75% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate until they reached their goal caloric expenditure (400kcal). There was a seven-day washout period between sessions. Serum was processed using ELISA protocols to investigate the change in biomarker at 24 and 72 hours post exercise, relative to baseline. The results indicated, when compared to the NS condition, the ES condition elicited a greater positive change in P1CP at 24 hours (Phours following exercise (P0.05). There was no effect of condition on P1NP at any time point (P>0.05). In sum, submaximal aerobic exercise while wearing the uniformly weighted exercise suit elicited an antiresorptive effect on bone collagen resorption with a simultaneous increase in bone collagen formation 24 hours post exercise.

Optimizing Bone Mass and Strength

Optimizing Bone Mass and Strength
Author: Robin M. Daly
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Total Pages: 173
Release: 2007-01-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3805582757
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Osteoporosis and related fractures are a major public health problem globally. Although traditionally considered to be a disease affecting the elderly, increased recognition that osteoporosis may have its foundation early in life has stimulated substantial research interest into factors which can influence skeletal development, including both genetic and lifestyle factors. This book provides a summary and integrative review of the current state of knowledge of factors that influence the development of bone health during childhood and adolescence. The focus is on the role of physical activity for optimizing bone development. Other relevant topics that are reviewed include the influence of genetics, nutrition, and hormonal factors on skeletal development. In addition, there are expert views on practical lifestyle strategies and guidelines that can be adopted to optimize bone health and prevent fractures during growth. The book provides an excellent source of recent information for exercise specialists, pediatricians, nutritionists, biomedical researchers, health promotion worker and public health professionals.