The Effect of Air Preheat at Atmospheric Pressure on the Formation of No(x) in the Quick-Mix Sections of an Axially Staged Combustor

The Effect of Air Preheat at Atmospheric Pressure on the Formation of No(x) in the Quick-Mix Sections of an Axially Staged Combustor
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 28
Release: 2018-08-20
Genre:
ISBN: 9781721017157

The Rich-burn/Quick-mix/Lean-burn (RQL) combustor concept has been proposed to minimize the formation of nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) in gas turbine systems. The success of this combustor strategy is dependent upon the efficiency of the mixing section bridging the fuel-rich and fuel-lean stages. Note that although these results were obtained from an experiment designed to study an RQL mixer, the link between mixing and NOx signatures is considerably broader than this application, in that the need to understand this link exists in most advanced combustors. The experiment reported herein was designed to study the effects of inlet air temperature on NO(x) formation in a mixing section. The results indicate that NO(x) emission is increased for all preheated cases compared to non-preheated cases. When comparing the various mixing modules, the affect of jet penetration is important, as this determines where NO(x) concentrations peak, and affects overall NO(x) production. Although jet air comprises 70 percent of the total airflow, the impact that jet air preheat has on overall NO(x) emissions is small compared to preheating both main and jet air flow.Vardakas, M. A. and Leong, M. Y. and Brouwer, J. and Samuelsen, G. S. and Holdeman, J. D.Glenn Research CenterATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; NITROGEN OXIDES; JET MIXING FLOW; GAS PRESSURE; COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; GAS HEATING; GAS TURBINES; SIGNATURES; TEMPERATURE EFFECTS; AIR FLOW; EMISSION; DILUTION

Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion

Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion
Author: Charles E. Baukal, Jr.
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2010-12-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781420050257

Combustion technology has traditionally been dominated by air/fuel combustion. However, two developments have increased the significance of oxygen-enhanced combustion - new technology producing oxygen less expensively and the increased importance of environmental regulations. Advantages of oxygen-enhanced combustion include numerous environmental benefits as well as increased energy efficiency and productivity. The text compiles information about using oxygen to enhance high temperature industrial heating and melting processes - serving as a unique resource for specialists implementing the use of oxygen in combustion systems; combustion equipment and industrial gas suppliers; researchers; funding agencies for advanced combustion technologies; and agencies developing regulations for safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly combustion systems. Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion: Examines the fundamentals of using oxygen in combustion, pollutant emissions, oxygen production, and heat transfer Describes ferrous and nonferrous metals, glass, and incineration Discusses equipment, safety, design, and fuels Assesses recent trends including stricter environmental regulations, lower-cost methods of producing oxygen, improved burner designs, and increasing fuel costs Emphasizing applications and basic principles, this book will act as the primary resource for mechanical, chemical, aerospace, and environmental engineers and scientists; physical chemists; fuel technologists; fluid dynamists; and combustion design engineers. Topics include: General benefits Economics Potential problems Pollutant emissions Oxygen production Adsorption Air separation Heat transfer Ferrous metals Melting and refining processes Nonferrous metals Minerals Glass furnaces Incineration Safety Handling and storage Equipment design Flow controls Fuels

High Temperature Air Combustion

High Temperature Air Combustion
Author: Hiroshi Tsuji
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 425
Release: 2002-12-03
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1420041037

Maximize efficiency and minimize pollution: the breakthrough technology of high temperature air combustion (HiTAC) holds the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional combustion and allow engineers to finally meet this long-standing imperative. Research has shown that HiTAC technology can provide simultaneous reduction of CO2 and nitric

Principles of Combustion

Principles of Combustion
Author: Allan T. Kirkpatrick
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 596
Release: 2024-11-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1394187068

The new edition of a classic textbook on combustion principles and processes, covering the latest developments in fuels and applications in a student-friendly format Principles of Combustion provides clear and authoritative coverage of chemically reacting flow systems. Detailed and accessible chapters cover key combustion topics such as chemical kinetics, reaction mechanisms, laminar flames, droplet evaporation and burning, and turbulent reacting flows. Numerous figures, end-of-chapter problems, extensive reference materials, and examples of specific combustion applications are integrated throughout the text. Newly revised and expanded, Principles of Combustion makes it easier for students to absorb and master each concept covered by presenting content through smaller, bite-sized chapters. Two entirely new chapters on turbulent reacting flows and solid fuel combustion are accompanied by additional coverage of low carbon fuels such as hydrogen, natural gas, and renewable fuels. This new edition contains a wealth of new homework problems, new application examples, up-to-date references, and access to a new companion website with MATLAB files that students can use to run different combustion cases. Fully updated to meet the needs of today's students and instructors, Principles of Combustion Provides problem-solving techniques that draw from thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and chemistry Addresses contemporary topics such as zero carbon combustion, turbulent combustion, and sustainable fuels Discusses the role of combustion emissions in climate change and the need for reducing reliance on carbon-based fossil fuels Covers a wide range of combustion application areas, including internal combustion engines, industrial heating, and materials processing Containing both introductory and advanced material on various combustion topics, Principles of Combustion, Third Edition, is an essential textbook for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses on combustion, combustion theory, and combustion processes. It is also a valuable reference for combustion engineers and scientists wanting to better understand a particular combustion problem.

Fundamentals of Combustion Processes

Fundamentals of Combustion Processes
Author: Sara McAllister
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 315
Release: 2011-05-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1441979433

Fundamentals of Combustion Processes is designed as a textbook for an upper-division undergraduate and graduate level combustion course in mechanical engineering. The authors focus on the fundamental theory of combustion and provide a simplified discussion of basic combustion parameters and processes such as thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, ignition, diffusion and pre-mixed flames. The text includes exploration of applications, example exercises, suggested homework problems and videos of laboratory demonstrations

Gas Turbine Emissions

Gas Turbine Emissions
Author: Timothy C. Lieuwen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 385
Release: 2013-07-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 052176405X

The development of clean, sustainable energy systems is a preeminent issue in our time. Gas turbines will continue to be important combustion-based energy conversion devices for many decades to come, used for aircraft propulsion, ground-based power generation, and mechanical-drive applications. This book compiles the key scientific and technological knowledge associated with gas turbine emissions into a single authoritative source.

Gas Turbine Combustion

Gas Turbine Combustion
Author: Arthur H. Lefebvre
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 560
Release: 2010-04-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1420086057

Reflecting the developments in gas turbine combustion technology that have occurred in the last decade, Gas Turbine Combustion: Alternative Fuels and Emissions, Third Edition provides an up-to-date design manual and research reference on the design, manufacture, and operation of gas turbine combustors in applications ranging from aeronautical to po

The Impact of Air Pollution on Health, Economy, Environment and Agricultural Sources

The Impact of Air Pollution on Health, Economy, Environment and Agricultural Sources
Author: Mohamed Khallaf
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 459
Release: 2011-09-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9533075287

This book aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with Air Pollution. The book consists of 21 chapters dealing with Air Pollution and its effects in the fields of Health, Environment, Economy and Agricultural Sources. It is divided into four sections. The first one deals with effect of air pollution on health and human body organs. The second section includes the Impact of air pollution on plants and agricultural sources and methods of resistance. The third section includes environmental changes, geographic and climatic conditions due to air pollution. The fourth section includes case studies concerning of the impact of air pollution in the economy and development goals, such as, indoor air pollution in México, indoor air pollution and millennium development goals in Bangladesh, epidemiologic and economic impact of natural gas on indoor air pollution in Colombia and economic growth and air pollution in Iran during development programs. In this book the authors explain the definition of air pollution, the most important pollutants and their different sources and effects on humans and various fields of life. The authors offer different solutions to the problems resulting from air pollution.