The Difference Between Fichte's and Schelling's System of Philosophy

The Difference Between Fichte's and Schelling's System of Philosophy
Author: G.W.F. Hegel
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Total Pages: 260
Release: 1988-03-04
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1438406290

In this essay, Hegel attempted to show how Fichte's Science of Knowledge was an advance from the position of Kant in the Critique of Pure Reason, and how Schelling (and incidentally Hegel himself) had made a further advance from the position of Fichte. Hegel finds the idealism of Fichte too abstractly subjective and formalistic, and he tries to show how Schelling's philosophy of nature is the remedy for these weaknesses. But the most important philosophical content of the essay is probably to be found in his general introduction to these critical efforts where he deals with a number of problems about philosophical method in a way which is of general interest to philosophers, and not merely interesting to those who accept the Hegelian "dialectic method" which grew out of these first beginnings. Finally, the Difference essay is important in the development of "Nature-Philosophy" as a movement in the history of science.

The Philosophical Rupture between Fichte and Schelling

The Philosophical Rupture between Fichte and Schelling
Author: J. G. Fichte
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Total Pages: 315
Release: 2012-03-23
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1438440197

The disputes of philosophers provide a place to view their positions and arguments in a tightly focused way, and also in a manner that is infused with human temperaments and passions. Fichte and Schelling had been perceived as "partners" in the cause of Criticism or transcendental idealism since 1794, but upon Fichte's departure from Jena in 1799, each began to perceive a drift in their fundamental interests and allegiances. Schelling's philosophy of nature seemed to move him toward a realistic philosophy, while Fichte's interests in the origin of personal consciousness, intersubjectivity, and the ultimate determination of the agent's moral will moved him to explore what he called "faith" in one popular text, or a theory of an intelligible world. This volume brings together the letters the two philosophers exchanged between 1800 and 1802 and the texts that each penned with the other in mind.

The Difference between Fichte's and Schelling's Systems

The Difference between Fichte's and Schelling's Systems
Author: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Publisher: Newcomb Livraria Press
Total Pages: 147
Release:
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: 3989888366

A new translation directly from the original manuscript of Hegel's 1801 commentary on his contemporaries Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, both of whom were Kantian philosophers he knew personally. This edition contains an extensive afterword on Hegelian philosophy and a timeline of his life and works. First published in 1801 by the academic published Jena, "The Difference between Fichte's and Schelling's Systems" (original German "Differenz des Fichteschen und Schellingschen Systems der Philosophie"). He contends that while Fichte's philosophy is centered on subjective idealism and the self-conscious "I," Schelling's system focuses on the absolute, which transcends subjectivity and objectivity. Hegel's analysis in this work lays the groundwork for his own philosophical development, as he seeks to reconcile and transcend the limitations he identifies in both Fichte and Schelling's approaches.

Hegel: Faith and Knowledge

Hegel: Faith and Knowledge
Author: G.W.F. Hegel
Publisher: SUNY Press
Total Pages: 250
Release: 1988-03-04
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780887068263

As the title indicates, Faith and Knowledge deals with the relation between religious faith and cognitive beliefs, between the truth of religion and the truths of philosophy and science. Hegel is guided by his understanding of the historical situation: the individual alienated from God, nature, and community; and he is influenced by the new philosophy of Schelling, the Spinozistic Philosophy of Identity with its superb vision of the inner unity of God, nature, and rational man. Through a brilliant discussion of the philosophies of Kant, Fichte, and other luminaries of the period, Hegel shows that the time has finally come to give philosophy the authentic shape it has always been trying to reach, a shape in which philosophy’s old conflicts with religion on the one hand and with the sciences on the other are suspended once for all. This is the first English translation of this important essay. Professor H. S. Harris offers a historical and analytic commentary to the text and Professor Cerf offers an introduction to the general reader which focuses on the concept of intellectual intuition and on the difference between authentic and inauthentic philosophy.

The Grounding of Positive Philosophy

The Grounding of Positive Philosophy
Author: F. W. J. Schelling
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Total Pages: 244
Release: 2012-02-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0791479943

The Berlin lectures in The Grounding of Positive Philosophy, appearing here for the first time in English, advance Schelling's final "existential system" as an alternative to modernity's reduction of philosophy to a purely formal science of reason. The onetime protégé of Fichte and benefactor of Hegel, Schelling accuses German Idealism of dealing "with the world of lived experience just as a surgeon who promises to cure your ailing leg by amputating it." Schelling's appeal in Berlin for a positive, existential philosophy found an interested audience in Kierkegaard, Engels, Feuerbach, Marx, and Bakunin. His account of the ecstatic nature of existence and reason proved to be decisive for the work of Paul Tillich and Martin Heidegger. Also, Schelling's critique of reason's quixotic attempt at self-grounding anticipates similar criticisms leveled by poststructuralism, but without sacrificing philosophy's power to provide a positive account of truth and meaning. The Berlin lectures provide fascinating insight into the thought processes of one of the most provocative yet least understood thinkers of nineteenth-century German philosophy.

Schelling and the End of Idealism

Schelling and the End of Idealism
Author: Dale E. Snow
Publisher: SUNY Press
Total Pages: 284
Release: 1996-01-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780791427453

This comprehensive, general introduction to Schelling's philosophy shows that it was Schelling who set the agenda for German idealism and defined the term of its characteristic problems.

The Twenty-Five Years of Philosophy

The Twenty-Five Years of Philosophy
Author: Eckart Förster
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 425
Release: 2012-03-15
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0674064984

Kant declared that philosophy began in 1781 with his Critique of Pure Reason. In 1806 Hegel announced that philosophy had now been completed. Eckart Förster examines the reasons behind these claims and assesses the steps that led in such a short time from Kant's "(Bbeginning" to Hegel's "(Bend." He concludes that, in an unexpected yet significant sense, both Kant and Hegel were indeed right. The Twenty-Five Years of Philosophy follows the unfolding of a key idea during this exceptionally productive period: the Kantian idea that philosophy can be scientific and, consequently, can be completed. Förster's study combines historical research with philosophical insight and leads him to propose a new thesis. The development of Kant's transcendental philosophy in his three Critiques, Förster claims, resulted in a fundamental distinction between "(Bintellectual intuition" and "(Bintuitive understanding." Overlooked until now, this distinction yields two takes on how to pursue philosophy as science after Kant. One line of thought culminates in Fichte's theory of freedom (Wissenschaftslehre), while the other--and here Förster brings Goethe's significance to the fore--results in Goethe's transformation of the Kantian idea of an intuitive understanding in light of Spinoza's third kind of knowledge. Both strands are brought together in Hegel and propel his split from Schelling. Förster's work makes an original contribution to our understanding of the classical era of German philosophy--an expanding interest within the Anglophone philosophical community.