The Developing Brain And The Environment
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Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 610 |
Release | : 2000-11-13 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 0309069882 |
How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Author | : National Academy of Sciences |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 195 |
Release | : 1992-01-01 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309045290 |
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Author | : Philippe Grandjean |
Publisher | : Environmental Ethics and Scien |
Total Pages | : 231 |
Release | : 2015-07-30 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0190239735 |
One of every six children suffers from a neurodevelopmental abnormality of unknown cause. Environmental pollutants such as lead, mercury, and pesticides interfere with brain development, yet we do not test industrial chemicals for brain toxicity.
Author | : Alessandro Sale |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 259 |
Release | : 2016-02-04 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 111893167X |
Environmental Experience and Plasticity of the Developing Brain goes beyond the genetic basis of neurodevelopment. Chapters illuminate the external factors that can dramatically impact the brain early in life and, consequently, the eventual accomplishment of developmental milestones and the construction of adult behavior and personality. Authored and edited by leaders in this rapidly growing field, Environmental Experience and Plasticity of the Developing Brain not only surveys preexisting literature on the effects of environment versus genetics, but also discusses more recent studies on the impacts of neurodevelopment in terms of maternal stimulation, environmental enrichment and sensory deprivation. The book also includes key examples of environmental impacts on preexisting genetic syndromes leading to developmental disabilities. Focus is also given to the consequences of early adverse experience in primates, as well as neurobiological and behavioral consequences in institutionalized human children and the reversibility of such consequences. Environmental Experience and Plasticity of the Developing Brain encompasses a broad area of research in the field of developmental neurobiology and offers a unique combination of different examples of environmental factors affecting brain development and behavior.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 228 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Peter R. Huttenlocher |
Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
Total Pages | : 285 |
Release | : 2009-07-01 |
Genre | : Psychology |
ISBN | : 0674038932 |
Neural plasticity--the brain's ability to change in response to normal developmental processes, experience, and injury--is a critically important phenomenon for both neuroscience and psychology. Increasing evidence about the extent of plasticity--long past the supposedly critical first three years--has recently emerged. Neural Plasticity offers the first succinct and lucid integration of this research and its implications. Pointing out the negative and the positive consequences of plasticity, Peter Huttenlocher describes plasticity in children and adults (in normal aging and in response to trauma), in sensory systems, the motor cortex, higher cortical functions, and language development, proceeding system by system, and paying particular attention to the cerebral cortex. One of the book's strengths is its range of references, not only to studies on human subjects but to the experimental study of animal models as well. This book will be a unique contribution to research and to the literature on clinical neuroscience.
Author | : Sherry G. Selevan |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 244 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : Brain |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Atina A. |
Publisher | : Xlibris Corporation |
Total Pages | : 478 |
Release | : 2021-08-05 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 166418807X |
This highly influential updated explanation in a studied and expanded information, integrating major advances in the field of development—gives anyone (parents, educators, students) a current understanding of what brain development is, how the mind grows, and how to promote healthy development and resilience. Atina A. synthesizes cutting-edge information from numerous disciplines, revealing the ways in which neural processes are fundamentally formed by interpersonal relationships combined with the continuous informational process throughout life. The role of “how to communicate” in any relationship builds deeper connections to society, to other people, and to one’s own health and internal experience, which remains a powerful resource of development. This fully updated Developing Brain book covers the following: From developmental psychology and child development to neuroscience From interpersonal neurobiology to experience and the development of identity From behavioral and mental concerns to cognitive development to theory of mind From the definition of brain, mind, to the science of consciousness, and more And the stories of our lives Atina A. shows how these explanations can illuminate fundamental debates in philosophy of mind concerning the mind’s architecture, brain development, the explanatory power of education-information representation, and the social character of knowledge.
Author | : Marilee Sprenger |
Publisher | : Corwin Press |
Total Pages | : 145 |
Release | : 2008-01-31 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 1452209081 |
Synthesizing information from neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and child development, this reader-friendly guide explains the basics of early brain development and provides brain-compatible teaching practices.
Author | : Lisa Wright |
Publisher | : Biota Publishing |
Total Pages | : 76 |
Release | : 2012-12-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1615045287 |
The human brain does not develop in a vacuum according to a set of predetermined blueprints—it is involved in a dynamic interplay with the environment that influences gene expression and ultimately structure and function. Some cortical regions, such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC) undergo structural changes throughout the adolescent period and into early adulthood, making their structure and functions particularly interesting to study with respect to gene-environment interactions. Repeated exposure to stress is a predisposing factor in the emergence of various mental illnesses, such as anxiety and depression, although this is by no means an absolute relationship. While some people appear to be vulnerable to the effects of repeated stressors, others are resilient, and this individual variability is partly due to developmental programming of brain regions involved in modulating stress responding, such as the PFC. In the present book, we will discuss features of adolescent brain development that may provide a basis for neural plasticity in stress responding: the highly protracted development of the PFC, the profound change in interconnectedness among cortical and subcortical brain regions, and the characteristic ‘rise and fall’ pattern for many of the late-developing aspects of neural architecture in PFC and other stress-related brain regions.