The Black Officer Corps
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| Author | : Isaac Hampton |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 256 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0415531896 |
The U.S. Armed Forces started integrating its services in 1948, and with that push, more African Americans started rising through the ranks to become officers, although the number of black officers has always been much lower than African Americans' total percentage in the military. Astonishingly, the experiences of these unknown reformers have largely gone unexamined and unreported, until now. The Black Officer Corps traces segments of the African American officers' experience from 1946-1973. From generals who served in the Pentagon and Vietnam, to enlisted servicemen and officers' wives, Isaac Hampton has conducted over seventy-five oral history interviews with African American officers. Through their voices, this book illuminates what they dealt with on a day to day basis, including cultural differences, racist attitudes, unfair promotion standards, the civil rights movement, Black Power, and the experience of being in ROTC at Historically Black Colleges. Hampton provides a nuanced study of the people whose service reshaped race relations in the U.S. Armed Forces, ending with how the military attempted to control racism with the creation of the Defense Race Relations Institute of 1971. The Black Officer Corps gives us a much fuller picture of the experience of black officers, and a place to start asking further questions.
| Author | : Brian G. Shellum |
| Publisher | : U of Nebraska Press |
| Total Pages | : 317 |
| Release | : 2010-02-01 |
| Genre | : Biography & Autobiography |
| ISBN | : 0803268033 |
An unheralded military hero, Charles Young (1864–1922) was the third black graduate of West Point, the first African American national park superintendent, the first black U.S. military attaché, the first African American officer to command a Regular Army regiment, and the highest-ranking black officer in the Regular Army until his death. Black Officer in a Buffalo Soldier Regiment tells the story of the man who—willingly or not—served as a standard-bearer for his race in the officer corps for nearly thirty years, and who, if not for racial prejudice, would have become the first African American general. Brian G. Shellum describes how, during his remarkable army career, Young was shuffled among the few assignments deemed suitable for a black officer in a white man’s army—the Buffalo Soldier regiments, an African American college, and diplomatic posts in black republics such as Liberia. Nonetheless, he used his experience to establish himself as an exceptional cavalry officer. He was a colonel on the eve of the United States’ entry into World War I, when serious medical problems and racial intolerance denied him command and ended his career. Shellum’s book seeks to restore a hero to the ranks of military history; at the same time, it informs our understanding of the role of race in the history of the American military.
| Author | : Charity Adams Earley |
| Publisher | : Texas A&M University Press |
| Total Pages | : 236 |
| Release | : 2000-09-05 |
| Genre | : Biography & Autobiography |
| ISBN | : 9780890966945 |
When America entered World War II, the surge of patriotism was not confined to men. Congress authorized the organization of the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (later renamed Women's Army Corps) in 1942, and hundreds of women were able to join in the war effort. Charity Edna Adams became the first black woman commissioned as an officer. Black members of the WAC had to fight the prejudices not only of males who did not want women in their "man's army," but also of those who could not accept blacks in positions of authority or responsibility, even in the segregated military. With unblinking candor, Charity Adams Earley tells of her struggles and successes as the WAC's first black officer and as commanding officer of the only organization of black women to serve overseas during World War II. The 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion broke all records for redirecting military mail as she commanded the group through its moves from England to France and stood up to the racist slurs of the general under whose command the battalion operated. The Six Triple Eight stood up for its commanding officer, supporting her boycott of segregated living quarters and recreational facilities. This book is a tribute to those courageous women who paved the way for patriots, regardless of color or gender, to serve their country.
| Author | : Gerald W. Patton |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 488 |
| Release | : 1978 |
| Genre | : African American soldiers |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Reuben Keith Green |
| Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
| Total Pages | : 350 |
| Release | : 2017-09-25 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781975747541 |
Black Officer, White Navy is likely the first memoir of a Black naval officer who rose from high school dropout to unrestricted line officer in the post-Vietnam War era. The author's unique career path and insightful analysis of both his personal experiences and those of others in the military give a clear picture of what was happening both within and outside the Navy, and how the forces of discrimination and institutional denial and damage control efforts can make a career in the military fraught with obstacles, as well as opportunities, for a well-qualified minority of any gender, race, or ethnic origin. Recent events and the impact of the commander in chief's statements and actions, which have a direct impact on the thinking and behavior of persons in uniform, make this a timely addition to any military member's library. It is full of potential case study material for any military instructional or group facilitation activity, as well as providing an historical overview of what it was like to be a minority sailor or officer between 1975 and the mid-1990's. Any sailor in uniform, regardless of pay grade or commissioned status, can both benefit and learn lessons from this work. Families can use this work to prepare their own loved ones or to help them try to understand the often lingering consequences of their loved one's military service.
| Author | : Craig Thomas Johnson |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 40 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : African American leadership |
| ISBN | : |
The United States Army was one of the first American institutions to provide opportunities for black Americans in their struggle for equality. Nonetheless, history indisputably documents incidents of segregation, bigotry, and racism against blacks in the Army. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Army Officer Corps was very reluctant to accept blacks amongst its ranks. Since their inclusion into the service, black officers have made tremendous strides as a group to reach the highest echelons within the Army. Even so, they have not fared statistically as well as their majority contemporaries. These statistics pose interesting questions about black officer professional development and career progress. How has the Army fared with the professional development of blacks within the officer corps? What is the perception of black officers currently serving within the institution regarding the Army's efforts to provide professional development for black officers? Do systemic prejudices toward blacks in the officer corps still exist? What roles have black officers played in the development process? What do the answers to these questions suggest for the Army's officer corps management? Answers to these questions provide valuable insights for strategic leaders responsible for personnel management within the United States Army.
| Author | : Craig Thomas Johnson |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : African American generals |
| ISBN | : |
The United States Army was one of the first American institutions to provide opportunities for black Americans in their struggle for equality. Nonetheless, history indisputably documents incidents of segregation, bigotry, and racism against blacks in the Army. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Army Officer Corps was very reluctant to accept blacks amongst its ranks. Since their inclusion into the service, black officers have made tremendous strides as a group to reach the highest echelons within the Army. Even so, they have not fared statistically as well as their majority contemporaries. These statistics pose interesting questions about black officer professional development and career progress. How has the Army fared with the professional development of blacks within the officer corps? What is the perception of black officers currently serving within the institution regarding the Army's efforts to provide professional development for black officers? Do systemic prejudices toward blacks in the officer corps still exist? What roles have black officers played in the development process? What do the answers to these questions suggest for the Army's officer corps management? Answers to these questions provide valuable insights for strategic leaders responsible for personnel management within the United States Army.
| Author | : School of Advanced Military Studies |
| Publisher | : CreateSpace |
| Total Pages | : 54 |
| Release | : 2014-08-14 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9781500830908 |
The purpose of this book is to examine the subject of African American United States Army officers and their service in the combat arms branches. The research uncovered the complex roles that African American combat arms officers assumed during the past century, and how these roles evolved into their current variation that benefits from the army's unwavering commitment to equal opportunity. A historic snapshot of 20th century America's domestic tensions adequately framed the pressing issue of why African American officers currently choose to serve in the combat arms at a disproportional rate when compared with the remaining African Americans represented in the army's total officer corps. The research determined that several efforts needed to be initiated in order to mitigate the effects of this complex phenomenon. The efforts identified were associated with an improvements in institutional mentoring practices within the army, increased networking within the active army officer corps through organized support organizations partially staffed by retired army officers, and the leveraging of well established African American socio-economic institutions that weld influence in African American community. Careful consideration and deliberate application of the concluded recommendations should positively impact the proportional realignment of African American army officers serving in the combat arms and every other branch type represented in the United States Army.
| Author | : Penelope A. LeFew-Blake |
| Publisher | : Arcadia Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 132 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9780738540689 |
Often referred to as "the West Point of the Midwest" because of its majestic red brick buildings and lush tree-lined landscape, Fort Des Moines shaped American history from its inception. Originally located at the fork of the Raccoon and Des Moines Rivers, Fort Des Moines relocated four miles south of the city and began to assume its revolutionary place in military history. By 1909, it was the largest cavalry post in the country, and Pres. William H. Taft chose it as the site of his "Great Tournament" of cavalry units. In 1917, for the first time in American history, African American officers received commissions at Fort Des Moines. Future president Ronald Reagan perfected his equestrian skills on its vast parade ground. The legacy of the cavalry lingered when, in 1942, the fort served as the first training center for the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps, and many female recruits found themselves sleeping in cavalry stables converted into barracks.
| Author | : Jr Us Army Doward, Major |
| Publisher | : Createspace Independent Pub |
| Total Pages | : 58 |
| Release | : 2012-09-16 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9781479329946 |
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the subject of African American United States Army officers and their service in the combat arms branches. The research uncovered the complex roles that African American combat arms officers assumed during the past century, and how these roles evolved into their current variation that benefits from the Army's unwavering commitment to equal opportunity. A historic snapshot of 20th century America's domestic tensions frames the pressing issue of why African American officers currently choose to serve in the combat arms at a disproportional rate when compared with the African Americans represented in the army's total officer corps. The African American legacy during the 20th century is a narrative that explains the tremendous strides African Americans accomplished along the path to equality. African American army officers were forced to rely upon one another in order to complete their duties in academic and operational environments; therefore, it was essential that information, institutional wisdom, and guidance were passed along. These efforts resulted in relationships that were based on mentorship. This research determined that mentoring is a key component in reducing the friction created by the diminished presence of African American combat arms officers. The research determined that several efforts needed to be initiated in order to mitigate the effects of this complex phenomenon. The efforts identified were associated with improvements in institutional mentoring practices within the Army, increased networking within the active Army officer corps through organized support organizations partially staffed by retired Army officers, and the leveraging of well established African American socio-economic institutions that weld influence in African American community. The ROCKS, an organization whose core mission is to promote mentorship and networking among African American Army officers, continues to positively impact officer growth and development. Careful consideration and deliberate application of the conclusions will positively impact the proportional realignment of African American army officers serving in the combat arms and every other branch type represented in the United States Army.
