This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1896 edition. Excerpt: ... Chapter VII. THE BACK. Jn the middle line of the back there is a furrow, more or less well-marked, according to the muscularity of the subject, and bounded by muscular masses, which are formed chiefly by the complexus muscle of either side jn the cervical region, and by the erectores spinae in the remainder of the back. At the bottom of this furrow the spines of the vertebras may be felt, and, as Holden remarks, made evident in the living subject to the 'eye by friction in the median line, when red patches will appear and indicate their position. The spine of the axis may easily be felt beneath the occiput, and that of the seventh or vertebra prominens at the root of the neck, with frequently the spine of the sixth above it. The spines of the vertebrae between the second and the sixth cannot be felt as individual structures, but a ridge indicating their position and that of the ligamentum nuchae can distinctly be made out. The third dorsal spine corresponds to the inner end of the spine of the scapula, and the seventh to the inferior angle of that bone. The twelfth corresponds to the head of the last rib, and the lowest part of the trapezius muscle, which may be made evident in a thin. subject by raising the arm and scapula as high as possible. The highest point of the crest of the ilium corresponds to the fourth lumbar spine. On account of the downward direction of the spines of the dorsal vertebrae, these prominences do not all correspond to the rib which belongs to them. The second dorsal spine corresponds to the head of the third rib, and so on, each spine corresponding to the head of the rib of the vertebra below it, until the eleventh and twelfth spines, which are on a level with their own ribs. The scapula covers the ribs from the...