This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1920 edition. Excerpt: ... groups and to provide a space for the total weight where necessary (page 170:1). The number, the name, and the mark of each different member should be printed prominently at the head of each group without regard to the vertical lines. Usually only one mark is put on a line, as F 7 and F 8, or S 4, S 5 and S 6 (Fig. 168), although two may sometimes be combined as F 9R and F 9L, if it is desired to save space. Members which are composed of single pieces may be billed on a single line, as F 10 or M 5 (compare page 173: 1). Fine vertical lines are printed under "sections" as an aid to uniformity in billing. With these lines it is unnecessary to use crosses. All four columns are used for angles but the second one need not be used for plates. For beams the sign (#) may be placed in the last column. The material should be listed systematically, beginning with the main material. The details should be grouped as on the drawing, beginning at the bottom or left hand end of a member and proceeding toward the other end. The washers and bolts for any member should be the last items to be billed. Each item which is not common to all the members of a group should be so noted, as in Fig. 168. Similarly, notes should appear opposite each item which is "Milled" or "Finished" (abbreviated "Fin"), "Bolted complete," or "Bolted for Shipment." Assembling marks should be recorded in a special column headed "Piece Mark." Permanent bolts are usually listed on the drawing, hence they are billed as a matter of course. Temporary bolts used to hold loose pieces in position during shipment are usually of odd lengths picked up in the shop; these are not always listed on the shop bill, but they should...