The Variable Spellings of the Hebrew Bible

The Variable Spellings of the Hebrew Bible
Author: James Barr
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 264
Release: 1989
Genre: Foreign Language Study
ISBN:

In this detailed study, Barr examines the problem of standardization of spelling in the Bible. He scrutinizes both the optional use or omission of letters such as W or Y to indicate certain vowels, and the several variations of spelling present in the individual books and passages, suggesting explanations of how the different spellings occur on the same page or even in the same verse. An authoritative and original analysis, this book will make an important contribution to the development of the text of the Hebrew Bible and to the history of the Hebrew language.

Studies in Hebrew and Aramaic Orthography

Studies in Hebrew and Aramaic Orthography
Author: David Noel Freedman
Publisher: Eisenbrauns
Total Pages: 352
Release: 1992
Genre: Aramaic language
ISBN: 9780931464638

This book introduces the student to the textual study of the Hebrew Bible--to help such a student "perceive the work of the numberless and nameless scribes torn between tradition and fashion in their restrained attempts to update the orthography of Scripture." Sixteen essays serve as the bridge from older methods for the study of orthography to newer ones, using the computer to analyze large bodies of text.

Spelling in the Hebrew Bible

Spelling in the Hebrew Bible
Author: Francis I. Andersen
Publisher: St. Martin's Press
Total Pages: 408
Release: 1986
Genre: Foreign Language Study
ISBN: 9788876533426

This book is an outgrowth of the Dahood Memorial Lectures delivered at the University of Michingan 1983. It attempts four things... it speculates on the significate of this evedence for studies in the production and trasmission of the text.

Diachrony in Biblical Hebrew

Diachrony in Biblical Hebrew
Author: Cynthia Miller-Naudé
Publisher: Penn State Press
Total Pages: 545
Release: 2012-10-18
Genre: History
ISBN: 1575066831

Diachrony in Biblical Hebrew is an indispensable publication for biblical scholars, whose interpretations of scriptures must engage the dates when texts were first composed and recorded, and for scholars of language, who will want to read these essays for the latest perspectives on the historical development of Biblical Hebrew. For Hebraists and linguists interested in the historical development of the Hebrew language, it is an essential collection of studies that address the language’s development during the Iron Age (in its various subdivisions), the Neo-Babylonian and Persian periods, and the Early Hellenistic period. Written for both “text people” and “language people,” this is the first book to address established Historical Linguistics theory as it applies to the study of Hebrew and to focus on the methodologies most appropriate for Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic. The book provides exemplary case studies of orthography, lexicography, morphology, syntax, language contact, dialectology, and sociolinguistics and, because of its depth of coverage, has broad implications for the linguistic dating of Biblical texts. The presentations are rounded out by useful summary histories of linguistic diachrony in Aramaic, Ugaritic, and Akkadian, the three languages related to and considered most crucial for Biblical research.

The Ancient Hebrew Lexicon of the Bible

The Ancient Hebrew Lexicon of the Bible
Author: Jeff A. Benner
Publisher: Ancient Hebrew Research Center
Total Pages: 617
Release: 2021-06-28
Genre: Foreign Language Study
ISBN: 1589397762

All previous Biblical Hebrew lexicons have provided a modern western definition and perspective to Hebrew roots and words. This prevents the reader of the Bible from seeing the ancient authors' original intent of the passages. This is the first Biblical Hebrew lexicon that defines each Hebrew word within its original Ancient Hebrew cultural meaning. One of the major differences between the Modern Western mind and the Ancient Hebrew's is that their mind related all words and their meanings to a concrete concept. For instance, the Hebrew word "chai" is normally translated as "life", a western abstract meaning, but the original Hebrew concrete meaning of this word is the "stomach". In the Ancient Hebrew mind, a full stomach is a sign of a full "life". The Hebrew language is a root system oriented language and the lexicon is divided into sections reflecting this root system. Each word of the Hebrew Bible is grouped within its roots and is defined according to its original ancient cultural meaning. Also included in each word entry are its alternative spellings, King James translations of the word and Strong's number. Indexes are included to assist with finding a word within the lexicon according to its spelling, definition, King James translation or Strong's number.

Ancient Hebrew Torah

Ancient Hebrew Torah
Author: Jeff A. Benner
Publisher: Virtualbookworm.com Publishing
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2010-10-25
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 9781602645943

The first five books of the Hebrew Bible, called the Torah, are the foundation to the rest of the Bible. With this edition, the Torah can be read and studied through the original pictographic script from the time of Abraham and Moses. Each letter in this ancient script is a picture, where each picture represents a concrete idea.

Ancient Hebrew Dictionary

Ancient Hebrew Dictionary
Author: Jeff A. Benner
Publisher: Ancient Hebrew Research Center
Total Pages: 213
Release: 2021-06-28
Genre: Bible
ISBN: 1602643776

Whether you know Hebrew or not, this book will provide you with a quick reference resource for learning the meaning of many Hebrew words that lie beneath the English translations, which will open new doors for you into Biblical interpretation. The Hebrew language of the Bible must be understood from its original and Ancient Hebrew perspective. Our interpretation of a word like "holy" is an abstract idea, derived out of a Greco-Roman culture and mindset, which is usually understood as someone or something that is especially godly, pious or spiritual. However, the Hebrew word קדוש (qadosh) means, from an Ancient Hebrew perspective, unique and is defined in this dictionary as: "Someone or something that has, or has been given the quality of specialness, and has been separated from the rest for a special purpose." With this interpretation, we discover that the nation of Israel is not "holy," in the sense of godliness or piety, but is a unique and special people, separated from all others to serve God. This Biblical Hebrew dictionary contains the one thousand most frequent verbs and nouns found within the Hebrew Bible. Each word is translated and defined from its original concrete Ancient Hebrew perspective, allowing for a more accurate interpretation of the text. In addition to the one thousand verbs and nouns, the appendices in the book include a complete list of Hebrew pronouns, prepositions, adverbs, conjunctions and numbers.

Crown of Aleppo

Crown of Aleppo
Author: Hayim Tawil
Publisher: Jewish Publication Society
Total Pages: 223
Release: 2010-01-01
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 0827609574

"In Crown of Aleppo, Hayim Tawil and Bernard Schneider tell the incredible story of the survival, against all odds, of the Aleppo Codex—one of the most authoritative and accurate traditional Masoretic texts of the Bible. Completed circa 939 in Tiberias, the Crown was created by exacting Tiberian scribes who copied the entire Bible into book form, adding annotations, vowel and cantillation marks, and precise commentary. Praised by Torah scholars for centuries after its writing, the Crown passed through history until the 15th century when it was housed in the Great Synagogue of Aleppo, Syria. When the synagogue was burned in the 1947 pogrom, the codex was thought to be destroyed, lost forever. That is where its great mystery begins. Miraculously, a significant portion of the Crown of Aleppo survived the fire and was smuggled from the synagogue ruins to an unknown location— presumably within the Aleppan Jewish community. Ten years later, the surviving pages of the codex were secretly brought to Israel and finally moved to their current location in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. "

Encyclopaedia Britannica

Encyclopaedia Britannica
Author: Hugh Chisholm
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1090
Release: 1910
Genre: Encyclopedias and dictionaries
ISBN:

This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style.