Southern Ocean Biodiversity
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| Author | : Bruno David |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 132 |
| Release | : 2015-10-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0081004850 |
The Southern Ocean surrounding the Antarctic continent is vast, in particular, its history, its isolation, and climate, making it a unique "laboratory case" for experimental evolution, adaptation and ecology. Its evolutionary history of adaptation provide a wealth of information on the functioning of the biosphere and its potential. The Southern Ocean is the result of a history of nearly 40 million years marked by the opening of the Straits south of Australia and South America and intense cooling. The violence of its weather, its very low temperatures, the formation of huge ice-covered areas, as its isolation makes the Southern Ocean a world apart. This book discusses the consequences for the evolution, ecology and biodiversity of the region, including endemism, slowed metabolism, longevity, gigantism, and its larval stages; features which make this vast ocean a "natural laboratory" for exploring the ecological adaptive processes, scalable to work in extreme environmental conditions. Today, biodiversity of the Southern Ocean is facing global change, particularly in regional warming and acidification of water bodies. Unable to migrate further south, how will she cope, if any, to visitors from the North? Designed for curious readers to discover the immense ocean surrounding the most isolated and most inhospitable continent on the planet. Describes the Southern Ocean facing biodiversification due to global change Authored by scientists with experience of expeditions to the Southern Ocean
| Author | : Ofer Gon |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 500 |
| Release | : 1990 |
| Genre | : Fishes |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Sven Klimpel |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 235 |
| Release | : 2017-02-16 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3319463438 |
The Southern Oceans including Antarctic regions are peculiar and very sensitive water biotopes, where animal life and species interrelations are only poorly investigated. Especially the influence of parasites on their host species needs intensive consideration in times of global warming and worldwide pollution. Both factors may influence the finely balanced interrelationships between parasites and endangered hosts especially in specialized regions such as Antarctica. Before this background the present book offers a broad spectrum of important parasite-host interrelations in times of ecosystem changes written by experienced and renown international specialists.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Angelika Brandt |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 106 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Alex D. Rogers |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 585 |
| Release | : 2012-03-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1405198400 |
Since its discovery Antarctica has held a deep fascination for biologists. Extreme environmental conditions, seasonality and isolation have lead to some of the most striking examples of natural selection and adaptation on Earth. Paradoxically, some of these adaptations may pose constraints on the ability of the Antarctic biota to respond to climate change. Parts of Antarctica are showing some of the largest changes in temperature and other environmental conditions in the world. In this volume, published in association with the Royal Society, leading polar scientists present a synthesis of the latest research on the biological systems in Antarctica, covering organisms from microbes to vertebrate higher predators. This book comes at a time when new technologies and approaches allow the implications of climate change and other direct human impacts on Antarctica to be viewed at a range of scales; across entire regions, whole ecosystems and down to the level of species and variation within their genomes. Chapters address both Antarctic terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and the scientific and management challenges of the future are explored.
| Author | : Yuri Mikhalev |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 382 |
| Release | : 2020-01-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030292525 |
Based on actual data of Soviet whaling, and reliable methodologies that existed at the time when this monograph was written, it examines the distribution and migration patterns of whales of the Southern Ocean. It defines distinct populations on the basis of phenes, as well as whale breeding zones, which are located in the adjacent to the Southern Ocean waters at lower latitudes. The book records the presence of a new species of killer whale in the Southern Ocean - Orcinus nana. Prenatal growth patterns, pregnancy and lactation duration, mean sizes of new-born whales are determined. Methods for the graphic recording of registering structures are described, and an original method for their decoding is proposed to determine animal age. The age of sexual and physical maturity, life expectancy is determined. Earlier unknown “pair formations” on the lower jaw of baleen whales and sperm whales are described, together with their macro, histological and electronic microscopic structure. The impact of the extermination of whales on the Southern Ocean ecosystem is examined, recommendations for control of the current state of whale populations are given, and perspectives of whale population recovery are estimated. Regions that could be used as testing areas for whale registration method are defined. The book is intended for biologist-cytologists, ecologists and other specialists interested in cetaceans, and for biology students.
| Author | : H.J. GRIFFITHS |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Cinzia Verde |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 258 |
| Release | : 2012-10-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3642273491 |
The second volume of “Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environments – The Impacts of Global Change on Biodiversity” from the series “From Pole to Pole” integrates the marine biology contribution of the first tome to the IPY 2007-2009, presenting overviews of organisms (from bacteria and ciliates to higher vertebrates) thriving on polar continental shelves, slopes and deep sea. The speed and extent of warming in the Arctic and in regions of Antarctica (the Peninsula, at the present ) are greater than elsewhere. Changes impact several parameters, in particular the extent of sea ice; organisms, ecosystems and communities that became finely adapted to increasing cold in the course of millions of years are now becoming vulnerable, and biodiversity is threatened. Investigating evolutionary adaptations helps to foresee the impact of changes in temperate areas, highlighting the invaluable contribution of polar marine research to present and future outcomes of the IPY in the Earth system scenario.
| Author | : P.A. Tyler |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 581 |
| Release | : 2003-03-27 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 008049465X |
This volume examines the deep sea ecosystem from a variety of perspectives. The initial chapters examine the deep-sea floor, the deep pelagic environment and the more specialised chemosynthetic environments of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. These environments are examined from the perspective of the relationship of deep-sea animals to their physico-chemical environment. Later chapters examine the biogeography of the main deep oceans (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian) with particular attention to the downward flux of surface-derived organic matter and how this drives the processes within the deep-sea ecosystem. The peripheral deep seas including the polar seas and the marginal deep seas (inter alia the Mediterranean, Red, Caribbean and Okhotsk seas) are explored in the same context. The final chapters examine the processes occurring in the deep sea and include an analysis of why the deep sea has high species diversity, how the fauna respond to organic input and how species have adapted reproductive activity in the deep sea. The volume concludes with an analysis of the anthropogenic impact on the deep sea.
