Uranium industry occupies a very important place in the socio-economic sphere of East Singhbhum District of Jharkhand ever since its inception in 1967 it has played an important role in influencing health, education, crime, employment, income, migration & displacement and environment of the people of surrounding area. The industry has situated at Jaduguda, which falls under Mushabani and Potka Block of East Singhbhum District of Jharkhand. The socio-economic life of the people residing in and around this area has influenced by this in Jaduguda. The findings are based on a comparison of data on variables like health, education, crime, employment, income, migration & displacement and environment prior to inception of the mines and the situation at present time. It has observed that there has been positive impact on education employment and income. However, the study also observed there are certain negative linkages also. The important one is being deterioration of the health of the people, environmental degradation, and increasing rate of crime, migration & displacement. This study provides a means of identifying and tracking indicators associated with community vitality in Jaduguda communities that relate to the uranium mining industry including approaches that assess community health (physical, mental/emotional, spiritual/cultural, and social), community quality of life, community sustainable development, and community wellness as such, it has undertaken a broad array of studies since its inception, guided by input from community members from Jaduguda. As such, the purpose of the study is to identify the socio-economic linkages both beneficial and otherwise that the modern uranium mining industry has had on Jaduguda, and its residents and communities.