Socio-Economic Decline and Death

Socio-Economic Decline and Death
Author: Hannes Schwandt
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2020
Genre:
ISBN:

This paper uses several large cross-sectional data sources and a new approach to show that a large and recurring temporary economic shock affecting young adults- entering the labor market in a recession - has dynamic effects on mortality by cause, family outcomes, morbidity, and various measures of economic success throughout the life-cycle until middle age. We find that cohorts coming of age during the deep recession of the early 1980s suffer increases in mortality that appear in their late 30s and further strengthen through age 50, driven by behavior-related causes such as heart disease, lung cancer, and liver disease, as well as drug overdoses. At the same time, unlucky middle-aged labor market entrants earn less and work more while receiving less welfare support and experiencing higher rates of work-related disability. They are also less likely to be married, more likely to be divorced, experience higher rates of childlessness, and have lower income spouses. We show the entire trajectories of these outcomes are affected in a way predicted by economic life-cycle models. This implies long-lasting and costly effects for the large number of individuals graduating in recessions.

Deaths of Despair and the Future of Capitalism

Deaths of Despair and the Future of Capitalism
Author: Anne Case
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2020-03-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0691199957

A New York Times Bestseller A Wall Street Journal Bestseller A New York Times Notable Book of 2020 A New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice Shortlisted for the Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year A New Statesman Book to Read From economist Anne Case and Nobel Prize winner Angus Deaton, a groundbreaking account of how the flaws in capitalism are fatal for America's working class Life expectancy in the United States has recently fallen for three years in a row—a reversal not seen since 1918 or in any other wealthy nation in modern times. In the past two decades, deaths of despair from suicide, drug overdose, and alcoholism have risen dramatically, and now claim hundreds of thousands of American lives each year—and they're still rising. Anne Case and Angus Deaton, known for first sounding the alarm about deaths of despair, explain the overwhelming surge in these deaths and shed light on the social and economic forces that are making life harder for the working class. They demonstrate why, for those who used to prosper in America, capitalism is no longer delivering. Deaths of Despair and the Future of Capitalism paints a troubling portrait of the American dream in decline. For the white working class, today's America has become a land of broken families and few prospects. As the college educated become healthier and wealthier, adults without a degree are literally dying from pain and despair. In this critically important book, Case and Deaton tie the crisis to the weakening position of labor, the growing power of corporations, and, above all, to a rapacious health-care sector that redistributes working-class wages into the pockets of the wealthy. Capitalism, which over two centuries lifted countless people out of poverty, is now destroying the lives of blue-collar America. This book charts a way forward, providing solutions that can rein in capitalism’s excesses and make it work for everyone.

The Mortality Crisis in Transitional Economies

The Mortality Crisis in Transitional Economies
Author: Giovanni Andrea Cornia
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 485
Release: 2000-08-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0191583928

In spite of widespread expectations of improvements in living standards and health conditions, in most of the countries of the former Soviet bloc the transition to the market economy was accompanied by a sharp increase in (already high) death rates. Such an increase provoked an 'excess mortality' of some three million people over the period 1989-96 alone, an unprecedented phenomenon in peacetime. Such a crisis remains poorly explained, has generated a limited policy response in the countries concerned and international organizations, and is bound to generate important political and economic repercussions. This book is the first comprehensive assessment of the mortality crisis in transitional economies, of its causes, and of its remedies on the basis - among others - of micro data sets and quasi-panels on health trends which have never been used before. Contributions by demographers, economists, sociologists, epidemiologists, and health experts provide a rigorous analysis of the upsurge in mortality rates, with the aim of contributing to the launch of vigorous policies to tackle the crisis.

Socioeconomic Differences in Old Age Mortality

Socioeconomic Differences in Old Age Mortality
Author: Rasmus Hoffmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2008-10-11
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 140208692X

Social differences in health and mortality constitute a persistent finding in epidemiological, demographic, and sociological research. It is a topic that is much discussed in the current political debate and it is among the most urgent public health issues. However, we still do not know whether socioeconomic mortality differences increase or decrease with age. This book provides a comprehensive, critical discussion of all aspects involved in the relationship between socioeconomic status, health and mortality. It synthesizes the sociological theory of social inequality and an empirical study of mortality differences that has been conducted by the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (Rostock, Germany). This study is the most comprehensive analysis of socioeconomic mortality differences in the literature, both in terms of quantity and quality of data, and in terms of the statistical method used: that of event-history modeling.

A Unified Model of Cohort Mortality for Economic Analysis

A Unified Model of Cohort Mortality for Economic Analysis
Author: Adriana Lleras-Muney
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 67
Release: 2021-02-12
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 151356949X

We propose a dynamic production function of population health and mortality from birth onwards. Our parsimonious model provides an excellent fit for the mortality and survival curves for both primate and human populations since 1816. The model sheds light on the dynamics behind many phenomena documented in the literature, including (i) the existence and evolution of mortality gradients across socio-economic statuses, (ii) non-monotonic dynamic effects of in-utero shocks, (iii) persistent or “scarring” effects of wars and (iv) mortality displacement after large temporary shocks such as extreme weather.

Adult Mortality in India: Trends, Socio-economic Disparities and Consequences

Adult Mortality in India: Trends, Socio-economic Disparities and Consequences
Author: Moradhvaj Dhakad
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 146
Release: 2023-04-28
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9819900026

This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the adult mortality situation in India. Each chapter ranges from general adult mortality patterns to its consequences in India. It discusses data-related challenges to studying adult mortality and examines the level, trends, and changing patterns, whether convergence or divergence of adult mortality across the regions from 1981 to 2015. Analyzing the mortality risk across different socioeconomic groups of the population in India, it examines the major underlying causes of adult death with a detailed analysis of external causes of death. The volume enhances the reader's understanding of adult health situations through the lenses of gender, caste, religion, rural-urban, economic status, and region of residence, and its severe consequences at the household level. It is a valuable addition to knowledge on demography, epidemiology, health economics, applied statistics, and public health studies worldwide. It is a must-reference work for Master's and Ph.D. scholars to explore India's and low- and middle-income countries' mortality situations.

Demography of Aging

Demography of Aging
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 424
Release: 1994-02-01
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0309050855

As the United States and the rest of the world face the unprecedented challenge of aging populations, this volume draws together for the first time state-of-the-art work from the emerging field of the demography of aging. The nine chapters, written by experts from a variety of disciplines, highlight data sources and research approaches, results, and proposed strategies on a topic with major policy implications for labor forces, economic well-being, health care, and the need for social and family supports.