Social Change Industrialization And The Service Economy In Sao Paulo 1950 2020
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Author | : Francisco Vidal Luna |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 438 |
Release | : 2022-07-19 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1503631842 |
In the 1950s–80s, Brazil built one of the most advanced industrial networks among the "developing" countries, initially concentrated in the state of São Paulo. But from the 1980s, decentralization of industry spread to other states reducing São Paulo's relative importance in the country's industrial product. This volume draws on social, economic, and demographic data to document the accelerated industrialization of the state and its subsequent shift to a service economy amidst worsening social and economic inequality. Through its cultural institutions, universities, banking, and corporate sectors, the municipality of São Paulo would become a world metropolis. At the same time, given its rapid growth from 2 million to 12 million residents in this period, São Paulo dealt with problems of distribution, housing, and governance. This significant volume elucidates these and other trends during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, and will be an invaluable reference for scholars of history, policy, and the economy in Latin America.
Author | : Warren Dean |
Publisher | : University of Texas Press |
Total Pages | : 280 |
Release | : 2014-11-06 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 147730407X |
São Paulo is one of the few places in the underdeveloped world where an advanced industrial system has grown out of a tropical raw-material-exporting economy. By 1960 there were 830,000 industrial workers in the state, producing $3.3 billion worth of goods. It had become Latin America’s largest industrial center. This is a study of the early years of manufacturing in São Paulo: how it was influenced by the growth and decline of the coffee trade; where it found its markets, its credit, and its labor force; and how it confronted the competition of imports. The principal focus, however, is on the manufacturers themselves, whose perceptions of their opportunities determined how industrialization was brought about. Warren Dean discusses their social origins, their connections with other sectors of the elite, their attitudes toward workers and consumers, and their view of the potentialities of economic development. He analyzes the political activities of the manufacturers, to discover both how they promoted their interests and how they confronted the larger challenge of social and political transformation. Paradoxically, the industrialization of São Paulo is not a “success story” of private entrepreneurship. Until after World War II manufacturing grew quite slowly, and its hallmarks were always low productivity, technical backwardness, and consumer hostility. More than half of the state’s present large-scale factory production and nearly all of its heavy industry was built by foreign capital or state enterprise, not by privately owned firms. Dean shows that this outcome is partly a consequence of the historical experience of domestic manufacture. Throughout the book the author points out the “peculiar articulations” of the industrial system of São Paulo—the significant social and political interests that determined what kinds of development were possible. The result is an exposition of an unusual case study in twentieth-century economic development.
Author | : Reyna Elizabeth Rodríguez Pérez |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 245 |
Release | : 2024-10-28 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1040157181 |
In developed countries like the US, Germany and the UK it has been observed that workers who perform non-routine activities, either cognitive or manual, have benefited in terms of employment and income, while those performing routinary tasks have seen their job prospects and wages decline. This has led to a polarization of the labor markets and to a decrease in certain measures of inequality. This phenomenon has been attributed to task-biased technological change (TBTC), which differs from the skilled biased technological change in the fact that not only highly skilled workers have benefited from technology advancement. This book presents evidence of how digitalization and task-biased technological change are affecting the labor markets of different regions of the world and examines the factors that cause this inequality among nations. It examines recent issues around the effect of task-biased technological change on labor markets and the economy in general, with a comparison of different countries in Central and Eastern Europe, North America, and Latin America, as well as in other regions of the world. The incorporation of the abovementioned regions presents relevant particularities for the subject matter addressed in the book. The book also considers questions such as how labor market effects differ by gender and what the impact of digital skills on employment, inequalities and public policies might be. In so doing, it identifies the advances, opportunities, and changes that have taken place, while also making public policy proposals. The main market for the book is the global community of graduate students and researchers in the field of economics and, specifically, in the study of labor markets.
Author | : Francisco Vidal Luna |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 287 |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0804748594 |
A history of the society and economy of Sao Paulo from its origins to the introduction of coffee in the mid-19th century."
Author | : Brian P. Owensby |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 350 |
Release | : 1999 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0804743401 |
Focusing on the period between 1920 and 1950, the author looks beyond ideologies to reveal how middle-class men and women strained to wrest order from the ordeal of change.
Author | : Masooda Bano |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 238 |
Release | : 2012-04-25 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0804781842 |
Thirty percent of foreign development aid is channeled through NGOs or community-based organizations to improve service delivery to the poor, build social capital, and establish democracy in developing nations. However, growing evidence suggests that aid often erodes, rather than promotes, cooperation within developing nations. This book presents a rare, micro level account of the complex decision-making processes that bring individuals together to form collective-action platforms. It then examines why aid often breaks down the very institutions for collective action that it aims to promote. Breakdown in Pakistan identifies concrete measures to check the erosion of cooperation in foreign aid scenarios. Pakistan is one of the largest recipients of international development aid, and therefore the empirical details presented are particularly relevant for policy. The book's argument is equally applicable to a number of other developing countries, and has important implications for recent discussions within the field of economics.
Author | : Herbert S. Klein |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 437 |
Release | : 2020-03-12 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1108489028 |
The first social history examining all aspects of Brazil's radical transition from a predominantly rural society to an urban one.
Author | : Ralph Landau |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 484 |
Release | : 1996 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780804726047 |
A collection presenting the views of some of the world's most distinguished economists on long-term economic growth
Author | : Oliver Dinius |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 350 |
Release | : 2010-10-01 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 080477580X |
Brazil's Steel City presents a social history of the National Steel Company (CSN), Brazil's foremost state-owned company and largest industrial enterprise in the mid-twentieth century. It focuses on the role the steelworkers played in Brazil's social and economic development under the country's import substitution policies from the early 1940s to the 1964 military coup. Counter to prevalent interpretations of industrial labor in Latin America, where workers figure above all as victims of capitalist exploitation, Dinius shows that CSN workers held strategic power and used it to reshape the company's labor regime, extracting impressive wage gains and benefits. Dinius argues that these workers, and their peers in similarly strategic industries, had the power to undermine the state capitalist development model prevalent in the large economies of postwar Latin America.
Author | : R. Colistete |
Publisher | : Palgrave Macmillan |
Total Pages | : 225 |
Release | : 2001-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9781349426911 |
Labour relations had important connections with industrial performance in Greater Sao Paulo, the most important industrial centre in Brazil and Latin America, between 1945 and 1960. This book shows that the predominant industrial practices in terms of wages, working conditions and industrial training kept away activities based on quality and innovation which could produce sustained growth in the long term. As a result, the most important industrial centre in Brazil was locked into inefficient industrial practices and technologies, which have since marked the economic history of Brazilian industrialisation.