Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Dysfunction In Patients With Malignant Hyperthermia
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Malignant Hyperthermia
| Author | : S. Tsuyoshi Ohnishi |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 348 |
| Release | : 2022-04-18 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0429611285 |
This book is dedicated to those who died of malignant hyperthermia and to their families. It contains cases studies that would be helpful for anesthesiologists, surgeons, physiologists, molecular biologists, biophysicists, biochemists, pathologists, students, and post doctoral fellows.
Malignant Hyperthermia
| Author | : Beverley A. Britt |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 438 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461320798 |
A HISTORY OF MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a hereditary disorder of muscle. Undoubtedly, individuals have possessed this trait since time immemorial. However, because the trait is usually only unmasked in the presence of potent inhalational anaesthetic agents or non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxants, the existence of malignant hyperthermia was not suspected until we" after the dawn of the modern anaesthetic era. In the early years of ether and chloroform anaesthesia, monitoring was minimal. Body temperature was never measured. A finger on the pulse, and observation of respirations and skin colour were the most that could be expected. Death was not infrequent and usually unexplained (1). By the beginning of the twentieth century, reports of fulminant fever and tachycardia (rapid heart rate) during or immediately after anaesthesia often ending in death, were being described with increasing frequency in the medical literature (2-6). As a number of cases from New York had occurred during summer months, they were initially thought to be a form of heat stroke due to overly hot operating theatres (2-6). However, one enterprising anaesthetist (5:' checked the weather reports for the days on which some of these so called "heat strokes" had occurred. He found that on the days i'n question the ambient 0 temperature had never been in excess of 72 F. Environmental heat, therefore, could not have been a cause of at least some of these reactions.
Experimental Malignant Hyperthermia
| Author | : Charles H. Williams |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 178 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461237386 |
Malignant hyperthermia is a genetic disease that causes an extremely high body temperature. The syndrome is triggered by depolarizing muscle relaxants and halogenated gaseous anesthetics, such as halothane. The purpose of the book is to present the latest experimental work and important conclusions to anesthesiologists, surgeons, certified registered nurse anesthesists, operating nurses, cardiovascular and temperature oriented physiologists, basic research scientists interested in heat production in muscle, animal scientists, primarily swine physiologists, and finally, muscle biology scientists. The results are based on sixteen years of experimental investigations with a malignant hyperthermia susceptible pig colony. Consequently, the data and conclusions are more concrete than the clinical data from human patients. The first five chapters present fresh material relating to the detailed biochemical mechanism of heat production during malignant hyperthermia. Subsequent chapters present recent data on malignant hyperthermia in horses and dogs; these additional animal models provide useful material for future studies of malignant hyperthermia pathophysiology. Later sections summarize the laboratory methods currently used for diagnosing malignant hyperthermia in human patients and present valuable data on malignant hyperthermia in the greater Kansas city area over a twenty year period.
Neuromuscular Disorders in Clinical Practice
| Author | : Bashar Katirji |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 1565 |
| Release | : 2013-10-11 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461465672 |
Comprehensive, thoroughly updated, and expanded, Neuromuscular Disorders in Clinical Practice, Second Edition encompasses all disorders of the peripheral nervous system, covering all aspects of neuromuscular diseases from diagnosis to treatment. Mirroring the first book, this two-volume edition is divided into two parts. Part one discusses the approach to neuromuscular disorders, covering principles and basics, neuromuscular investigations, and assessment and treatment of neurological disorders. Part two then addresses the complete range of specific neuromuscular diseases: neuronopathies, peripheral neuropathies, neuromuscular junction disorders, muscle ion channel disorders, myopathies, and miscellaneous neuromuscular disorders and syndromes. Neuromuscular Disorders in Clinical Practice, Second Edition is intended to serve as a comprehensive text for both novice and experienced practitioners. General neurologists as well as specialists in neuromuscular medicine and trainees in neuromuscular medicine, clinical neurophysiology and electromyography should find this book inclusive, comprehensive, practical and highly clinically focused. Additionally, specialists in physical medicine and rehabilitation, rheumatology, neurosurgery, and orthopedics will find the book of great value in their practice.
Hyperthermic and Hypermetabolic Disorders
| Author | : Philip M. Hopkins |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 1996-10-03 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780521443814 |
This authoritative and comprehensive new publication looks in depth at a range of medical syndromes characterised by serious and unpredicted internal overheating of the body. These episodes may arise suddenly and unexpectedly in certain individuals, with life-threatening consequences, either as a result of heat stress, exceptional physical exertion or in response to certain common anaesthetics and some drugs, including ecstacy. The chapters focus on the full range of these syndromes, their metabolic and physiological basis, the important pre-disposing factors for the prediction of those at risk, and the medical management of these conditions
Malignant Hyperthermia
| Author | : Michio Morio |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 276 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 4431683461 |
In susceptible individuals, malignant hyperthermia (MH) can be triggered by various anesthetics during surgery. First described in 1960, research since then has concentrated on reducing the very high mortality rate associated with MH. Although significant progress in treatment has been made with the introduction of dantrolene sodium in 1979, many questions remain unanswered. Following on the results of more than 30 years of investigative efforts, the Third International Symposium on MH was held in Hiroshima, Japan, in 1994, immediately before the Seventh International Workshop on MH. Specialists in the field discussed the most up-to-date findings from the point of view of clinical classification, history, and incidence based on the evidence of epidemiology, diagnostic muscle testing, genetics, and biochemistry. These proceedings of the symposium present important keys to understanding the mechanism of MH and related syndromes at the genetic level and include procedures for the monitoring and care of patients. This volume will be invaluable not only for surgeons and anesthesiologists but also for physiologists and researchers.
Essential Clinical Anesthesia Review
| Author | : Linda S. Aglio |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 577 |
| Release | : 2015-01-08 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1316062287 |
This concise, evidence-based board review book, organized according to the ABA keyword list, covers all the fundamental concepts needed to pass written and re-certification board examinations. Each chapter begins with a case scenario or clinical problem from everyday practice, followed by concise discussion and clinical review questions and answers. Discussion progresses logically from preoperative assessment and intraoperative management to postoperative pain management, enhancing the reader's knowledge and honing diagnostic and clinical management skills. New guidelines and recently developed standards of care are also covered. Serving as a companion to the popular textbook Essential Clinical Anesthesia, this resourceful work reflects the clinical experiences of anesthesia experts at Harvard Medical School as well as individually known national experts in the field of anesthesiology. This practical review is an invaluable resource for anesthesiologists in training and practice, whether studying for board exams or as part of continuing education and ABA recertification.
Neuromuscular Disorders of Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence
| Author | : Basil T. Darras |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 1156 |
| Release | : 2014-12-03 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0124171273 |
Neuromuscular disorders are diagnosed across the lifespan and create many challenges especially with infants, children and adolescents. This new edition of the definitive reference, edited by the established world renowned authorities on the science, diagnosis and treatment of neuromuscular disorders in childhood is a timely and needed resource for all clinicians and researchers studying neuromuscular disorders, especially in childhood. The Second Edition is completely revised to remain current with advances in the field and to insure this remains the standard reference for clinical neurologists and clinical research neurologists. The Second Edition retains comprehensive coverage while shortening the total chapter count to be an even more manageable and effective reference. Carefully revised new edition of the classic reference on neuromuscular disorders in infancy, childhood and adolescence. Definitive coverage of the basic science of neuromuscular disease and the latest diagnosis and treatment best practices. Includes coverage of clinical phenomenology, electrophysiology, histopathology, molecular genetics and protein chemistry
Malignant Hyperthermia In A Child Submitted To Urgent Surgery
| Author | : Ana Luiza da |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Background: Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a hypermetabolic syndrome, with incidence of 1:15000, that occurs in susceptible individuals primarily by the use of the volatile inhalation anesthetic agents and the succinylcholine muscle relaxant. The aim of this case report is to discuss the malignant hyperthermia confirmed by familiar muscle biopsy.Case Report: Female, 5 years old, 20Kg, ASA I, was submitted to appendectomy under balanced general anesthesia, maintenance with sevoflurane. She evolved with tachycardia and increased end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2=99 mmHg). Sevoflurane administration was stopped and manual ventilation was initiated with mapleson D and FiO2 100%. The gasometry indicated paCO2=84.2 mmHg and pH=7.031. Dantrolene sodium 2.5 mg/kg was initiated and required 2 cycles. The patient presented tachyarrhythmia and evolved to bradycardia and cardiorespiratory failure. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation had to be provided. The second gasometry indicated pH=7.43 and paCO2=30 mmHg. After all, the patient was maintained with continuous infusion of dantrolene for 48 hours. She awaits the possibility of muscle biopsy and after the parentsu2019 investigations, her father was tested positive for caffeine-halothane muscular contracture test.Discussion:The hypermetabolism in MH causes an increase of carbon dioxide production, metabolic and respiratory acidosis, accelerated oxygen consumption, heat production, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, hyperkalemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multiple organ dysfunction and failure. It is induced by an abnormal regulation of ryanodine receptors, producing a massive release of calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the striated muscle. The most frequent early clinical signs of MH include an increase of end-tidal carbon dioxide, tachycardia, muscle rigidity, tachypnea, and hyperkalemia.Learning points: Dantrolene sodium is the antidote that decreases the loss of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the skeletal muscle and restores normal metabolism. The challenges of the treatment of the MH are the difficulty of dilution of the dantrolene and the needs for diagnostic confirmation with muscle biopsy that is dependent of the time of muscle recovery, child weight and the parentsu2019 diagnosis investigation.
