Simple Thermal Environment Model Stem Users Guide
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Simple Thermal Environment Model (Stem) User's Guide
Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) |
Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
Total Pages | : 92 |
Release | : 2018-06-11 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781720781523 |
This report presents a Simple Thermal Environment Model (STEM) for determining appropriate engineering design values to specify the thermal environment of Earth-orbiting satellites. The thermal environment of a satellite, consists of three components: (1) direct solar radiation, (2) Earth-atmosphere reflected shortwave radiation, as characterized by Earth's albedo, and (3) Earth-atmosphere-emitted outgoing longwave radiation (OLR). This report, together with a companion "guidelines" report provides methodology and guidelines for selecting "design points" for thermal environment parameters for satellites and spacecraft systems. The methods and models reported here are outgrowths of Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) satellite data analysis and thermal environment specifications discussed by Anderson and Smith (1994). In large part, this report is intended to update (and supersede) those results.Justus, C.G. and Batts, G. W. and Anderson, B. J. and James, B. F.Marshall Space Flight CenterTHERMAL ENVIRONMENTS; SATELLITE TEMPERATURE; SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENTS; USER MANUALS (COMPUTER PROGRAMS); EARTH RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENT; REFLECTED WAVES; SOLAR RADIATION; EARTH ALBEDO
Guidelines for the Selection of Near-Earth Thermal Environment Parameters for Spacecraft Design
Author | : B. J. Anderson |
Publisher | : BiblioGov |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2013-08 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781289273217 |
Thermal analysis and design of Earth orbiting systems requires specification of three environmental thermal parameters: the direct solar irradiance, Earth's local albedo, and outgoing longwave radiance (OLR). In the early 1990s data sets from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment were analyzed on behalf of the Space Station Program to provide an accurate description of these parameters as a function of averaging time along the orbital path. This information, documented in SSP 30425 and, in more generic form in NASA/TM-4527, enabled the specification of the proper thermal parameters for systems of various thermal response time constants. However, working with the engineering community and SSP-30425 and TM-4527 products over a number of years revealed difficulties in interpretation and application of this material. For this reason it was decided to develop this guidelines document to help resolve these issues of practical application. In the process, the data were extensively reprocessed and a new computer code, the Simple Thermal Environment Model (STEM) was developed to simplify the process of selecting the parameters for input into extreme hot and cold thermal analyses and design specifications. In the process, greatly improved values for the cold case OLR values for high inclination orbits were derived. Thermal parameters for satellites in low, medium, and high inclination low-Earth orbit and with various system thermal time constraints are recommended for analysis of extreme hot and cold conditions. Practical information as to the interpretation and application of the information and an introduction to the STEM are included. Complete documentation for STEM is found in the user's manual, in preparation.
Guidelines for the Selection of Near-Earth Thermal Environment Parameters for Spacecraft Design
Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) |
Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
Total Pages | : 32 |
Release | : 2018-05-31 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781720568728 |
Thermal analysis and design of Earth orbiting systems requires specification of three environmental thermal parameters: the direct solar irradiance, Earth's local albedo, and outgoing longwave radiance (OLR). In the early 1990s data sets from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment were analyzed on behalf of the Space Station Program to provide an accurate description of these parameters as a function of averaging time along the orbital path. This information, documented in SSP 30425 and, in more generic form in NASA/TM-4527, enabled the specification of the proper thermal parameters for systems of various thermal response time constants. However, working with the engineering community and SSP-30425 and TM-4527 products over a number of years revealed difficulties in interpretation and application of this material. For this reason it was decided to develop this guidelines document to help resolve these issues of practical application. In the process, the data were extensively reprocessed and a new computer code, the Simple Thermal Environment Model (STEM) was developed to simplify the process of selecting the parameters for input into extreme hot and cold thermal analyses and design specifications. In the process, greatly improved values for the cold case OLR values for high inclination orbits were derived. Thermal parameters for satellites in low, medium, and high inclination low-Earth orbit and with various system thermal time constraints are recommended for analysis of extreme hot and cold conditions. Practical information as to the interpretation and application of the information and an introduction to the STEM are included. Complete documentation for STEM is found in the user's manual, in preparation.Anderson, B. J. and Justus, C. G. and Batts, G. W.Marshall Space Flight CenterEARTH RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENT; ENVIRONMENT MODELS; SPACECRAFT DESIGN; THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS; IRRADIANCE; SOLAR RADIATION; LOW EARTH ORBITS; TEMPERATURE EFFECTS; SOLAR CONSTANT; EARTH AL
Lunar Sourcebook
Author | : Grant Heiken |
Publisher | : CUP Archive |
Total Pages | : 796 |
Release | : 1991-04-26 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780521334440 |
The only work to date to collect data gathered during the American and Soviet missions in an accessible and complete reference of current scientific and technical information about the Moon.
Environmental Modelling
Author | : John Wainwright |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 493 |
Release | : 2013-01-22 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1118351487 |
Simulation models are an established method used to investigate processes and solve practical problems in a wide variety of disciplines. Central to the concept of this second edition is the idea that environmental systems are complex, open systems. The authors present the diversity of approaches to dealing with environmental complexity and then encourage readers to make comparisons between these approaches and between different disciplines. Environmental Modelling: Finding Simplicity in Complexity 2nd edition is divided into four main sections: An overview of methods and approaches to modelling. State of the art for modelling environmental processes Tools used and models for management Current and future developments. The second edition evolves from the first by providing additional emphasis and material for those students wishing to specialize in environmental modelling. This edition: Focuses on simplifying complex environmental systems. Reviews current software, tools and techniques for modelling. Gives practical examples from a wide variety of disciplines, e.g. climatology, ecology, hydrology, geomorphology and engineering. Has an associated website containing colour images, links to WWW resources and chapter support pages, including data sets relating to case studies, exercises and model animations. This book is suitable for final year undergraduates and postgraduates in environmental modelling, environmental science, civil engineering and biology who will already be familiar with the subject and are moving on to specialize in the field. It is also designed to appeal to professionals interested in the environmental sciences, including environmental consultants, government employees, civil engineers, geographers, ecologists, meteorologists, and geochemists.
DCPA Attack Environment Manual
Author | : United States. Defense Civil Preparedness Agency |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 84 |
Release | : 1973 |
Genre | : Assistance in emergencies |
ISBN | : |