The study of artefacts found on wrecks was the subject of an international conference held at the National Musuem of Wales in 1994. Concentrating on the period of transition in Europe, from the end of the Middle Ages to 1785, these essays describe some of the most important recent results. Contents include: Ships as integrated artefacts: the archaeological potential (Colin J M Martin); The IJsselmeer-polders: a 'source book' for late medieval and early post-medieval wreck inventories (Karel Vlierman); Material culture research of Canadian historical shipwrecks: the Machault legacy (Stephen Davis); The material culture of the Mary Rose as a fighting vessel (Alex Hildred); Reconstructing 16th centruy ship culture: the Cattewater wreck (Mark Redknap); A study of chests from Henry VIIIs warship Mary Rose, 1545 (Maggie Richards); Arms and armour from wrecks (Ruth R Brown); Footwear and other Artefacts from a 16th century Spanish Basque Galleon (Stephen Davis); Rhenish stoneware frpm shipwrecks: ceramic function and lifespan (David Gaimster);The identification, analysis and interpretation of tobacco pipes from wrecks (David Higgins); Coinage from Post-Medieval Wrecks (Edward Besly); Metal ingots from dated wrecks (Paul Craddock and Duncan Hook); The galley, utensils and cooking, eating and drinking vessels from a wreck on the Zuiderzee in 1673 (Karel Vlierman); The Cromwellian shipwreck off Duart Point, Mull (Colin J M Martin); Identifying a ship's place of departure with the help of artefacts (Piet Kleij);Wreck de Mer and the dispersed wreck sites: the case of the Ann Francis (1583) (Mark Redknap and Edward Besly); Artefacts from the Kronan (1676): preservation and social structure (Lars Einarsson); Family life on board: Dutch boat people 1600-1900 (A F L van Holk); Conclusion (Alan Aberg).