Shifting Tax Burdens Through Exemptions and Evasion

Shifting Tax Burdens Through Exemptions and Evasion
Author: Bernard P. Gauthier
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 30
Release: 2001
Genre: Business enterprises
ISBN:

Tax burdens vary for firms of different sizes due to their variable tendency to seek exemptions or evade taxes.

Shifting Tax Burdens Through Exemptions and Evasion

Shifting Tax Burdens Through Exemptions and Evasion
Author: Bernard Gauthier
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2010
Genre:
ISBN:

This paper investigates the impacts of tax reforms implemented in Uganda in the mid-1990s on the prevalence of tax evasion and exemptions among firms, and their effects on the distribution and dispersion of tax burdens. Based on firm-level data collected from 243 firms, we observe that evasion and exemptions were widespread and that their prevalence actually increased during tax reforms. We use three-stage least squares to simultaneously estimate tax burdens, evasion and exemption patterns in 1995 and 1997. We find that tax exemptions benefit large businesses to a disproportionate degree, while evasion is more common among small businesses. This creates a situation in which medium-sized firms shoulder a disproportionate tax burden.

The Triumph of Injustice: How the Rich Dodge Taxes and How to Make Them Pay

The Triumph of Injustice: How the Rich Dodge Taxes and How to Make Them Pay
Author: Emmanuel Saez
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Total Pages: 267
Release: 2019-10-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1324002735

“The most important book on government policy that I’ve read in a long time.” —David Leonhardt, New York Times Even as they have become fabulously wealthy, the ultra-rich have seen their taxes collapse to levels last seen in the 1920s. Meanwhile, working-class Americans have been asked to pay more. The Triumph of Injustice presents a forensic investigation into this dramatic transformation, written by two economists who have revolutionized the study of inequality. Blending history and cutting-edge economic analysis, Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman offer a comprehensive view of America’s tax system alongside a visionary, democratic, and practical reinvention of taxes.

Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries

Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries
Author: International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 86
Release: 2011-08-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498339247

The Fund has long played a lead role in supporting developing countries’ efforts to improve their revenue mobilization. This paper draws on that experience to review issues and good practice, and to assess prospects in this key area.

International Corporate Tax Avoidance: A Review of the Channels, Magnitudes, and Blind Spots

International Corporate Tax Avoidance: A Review of the Channels, Magnitudes, and Blind Spots
Author: Sebastian Beer
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 45
Release: 2018-07-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 148436399X

This paper reviews the rapidly growing empirical literature on international tax avoidance by multinational corporations. It surveys evidence on main channels of corporate tax avoidance including transfer mispricing, international debt shifting, treaty shopping, tax deferral and corporate inversions. Moreover, it performs a meta analysis of the extensive literature that estimates the overall size of profit shifting. We find that the literature suggests that, on average, a 1 percentage-point lower corporate tax rate will expand before-tax income by 1 percent—an effect that is larger than reported as the consensus estimate in previous surveys and tends to be increasing over time. The literature on tax avoidance still has several unresolved puzzles and blind spots that require further research.

Current Challenges in Revenue Mobilization - Improving Tax Compliance

Current Challenges in Revenue Mobilization - Improving Tax Compliance
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 81
Release: 2015-01-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498344895

This paper addresses core challenges that all tax administrations face in dealing with noncompliance—which are now receiving renewed attention. Long a priority in developing countries, assuring strong compliance has acquired greater priority in countries facing intensified revenue needs, and is critical for fairness and statebuilding. Series: Policy Papers

Handbook of Public Economics

Handbook of Public Economics
Author: Martin Feldstein
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 744
Release: 2002-01-25
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0080544193

The Field of Public Economics has been changing rapidly in recent years, and the sixteen chapters contained in this Handbook survey many of the new developments. As a field, Public Economics is defined by its objectives rather than its techniques and much of what is new is the application of modern methods of economic theory and econometrics to problems that have been addressed by economists for over two hundred years. More generally, the discussion of public finance issues also involves elements of political science, finance and philosophy. These connections are evidence in several of the chapters that follow. Public Economics is the positive and normative study of government's effect on the economy. We attempt to explain why government behaves as it does, how its behavior influences the behavior of private firms and households, and what the welfare effects of such changes in behavior are. Following Musgrave (1959) one may imagine three purposes for government intervention in the economy: allocation, when market failure causes the private outcome to be Pareto inefficient, distribution, when the private market outcome leaves some individuals with unacceptably low shares in the fruits of the economy, and stabilization, when the private market outcome leaves some of the economy's resources underutilized. The recent trend in economic research has tended to emphasize the character of stabilization problems as problems of allocation in the labor market. The effects that government intervention can have on the allocation and distribution of an economy's resources are described in terms of efficiency and incidence effects. These are the primary measures used to evaluate the welfare effects of government policy.

Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform

Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform
Author: Maria Delgado Coelho
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 46
Release: 2021-09-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513596624

The excessive complexity and burden of the Brazilian tax system, riddled by cumulative indirect taxes and heavy payroll contributions, have led to an accumulation of fiscal incentives aimed at reducing its burden on taxpayers and productive activities. Federal and subnational tax expenditures currently stand at over 5 percent of GDP. Rationalizing them can only be comprehensively feasible in the context of a broader sequenced tax reform, and could reduce resource misallocation and income inequality, as well as provide new revenues.