Shadow Education
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| Author | : Magda Nutsa Kobakhidze |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 273 |
| Release | : 2018-08-10 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 3319959158 |
The so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring has become a global phenomenon but has different features in different settings. This book explores the ways in which teacher-tutors’ beliefs, social norms, ideals about professionalism, and community values shape their economic decisions in the informal shadow education marketplace. Through theoretical lenses of economic sociology and anthropology, this study uncovers strong social and moral embeddedness of the shadow education market in social relationships, cultural norms and moralities in post-Soviet Georgia. The book questions some of the basic assumptions that the predominant neoliberal discourse promotes worldwide. The book is based on Kobakhidze’s PhD dissertation, which won the Comparative and International Education Society (CIES) Gail P. Kelly Outstanding Dissertation Award. “[A] theoretically innovative and substantively enlightening account of shadow schooling in Georgia... A landmark achievement.” Roger Dale, University of Bristol “... an important and timely topic ... addressed with exceptional thoroughness. It constitutes a solid piece of academic work and clearly makes a significant contribution to the field of shadow education.”Heidi Biseth, University College of Southeast Norway, Chair of Gail P. Kelly Award Committee in 2017 “...through robust critical analysis, Kobakhidze invites a humanistic re-visioning of economy and society.“ Ora Kwo, The University of Hong Kong
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : Asian Development Bank |
| Total Pages | : 152 |
| Release | : 2012-05-01 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 9290926597 |
In all parts of Asia, households devote considerable expenditures to private supplementary tutoring. This tutoring may contribute to students' achievement, but it also maintains and exacerbates social inequalities, diverts resources from other uses, and can contribute to inefficiencies in education systems. Such tutoring is widely called shadow education, because it mimics school systems. As the curriculum in the school system changes, so does the shadow. This study documents the scale and nature of shadow education in different parts of the region. Shadow education has been a major phenomenon in East Asia and it has far-reaching economic and social implications.
| Author | : Young Chun Kim |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 235 |
| Release | : 2016-09-23 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 1137513241 |
This book enables Western scholars and educators to recognize the roles and contributions of shadow education/hakwon education in an international context. The book allows readers to redefine the traditional and limited understanding of the background success behind Korean schooling and to expand their perspectives on Korean hakwon education, as well as shadow education in other nations with educational power, such as Japan, China, Singapore, and Taiwan. Kim exhorts readers and researchers to examine shadow education as an emerging research inquiry in the context of postcolonial and worldwide curriculum studies.
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 297 |
| Release | : 2016-03-01 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 3319300423 |
Private supplementary tutoring, widely known as shadow education because of the way that it mimics mainstream schooling, has greatly expanded worldwide. It consumes considerable family resources, provides employment for tutors, occupies the time of students, and has a backwash on regular schools. Although such tutoring has become a major industry and a daily activity for students, tutors and families, the research literature has been slow to catch up with the phenomenon. The topic is in some respects difficult to research, precisely because it is shadowy. Contours are indistinct, and the actors may hesitate to share their experiences and perspectives. Presenting methodological lessons from diverse cultures, the book contains chapters from both high-income and low-income settings in Asia, Caribbean, Europe and the Middle East. Separately and together, the chapters present valuable insights into the design and conduct of research. The book will assist both consumers and producers of research. Consumers will become better judges of the strengths, weaknesses and orientations of literature on the theme; and producers will gain insights for design of instruments, collection of data, and interpretation of findings. The editors: Mark Bray is UNESCO Chair Professor in Comparative Education at the University of Hong Kong. Ora Kwo is an Associate Professor in the Comparative Education Research Centre at the University of Hong Kong. Boris Jokić is a Scientific Associate in the Centre for Educational Research and Development at the Institute for Social Research in Zagreb, Croatia.
| Author | : Young Chun Kim |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 218 |
| Release | : 2019-02-21 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 303003982X |
This book theorizes shadow education as a new component of curriculum, expanding the concept of curriculum to include this type of learning. Curriculum scholars and theorists have largely disregarded shadow education as a valid topic of scholarly attention despite its massive growth worldwide. But shadow education has become a global phenomenon with ever-increasing numbers of student participants; it complements school-based curricula, in many cases going beyond. Thus, Jung and Kim argue that shadow education requires rigorous analysis by curriculum studies scholars. This volume analyzes the state and importance of shadow education in countries around the world: its representative forms and industries (private tutoring institutes, home-visit private tutoring, Internet-based private tutoring, subscribed learning programs, after-school programs), its characteristic forms in terms of curriculum, and its roles in student learning. It also explores various features of shadow education based on an eight-year ethnographic study in South Korea.
| Author | : Young Chun Kim |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 278 |
| Release | : 2021-07-12 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 1000409864 |
This volume tackles perceived myths surrounding the academic excellence of East Asian students, and moves beyond Western understanding to offer in-depth analysis of the crucial role that shadow education plays in students’ academic success. Featuring a broad range of contributions from countries including Japan, China, Taiwan, and Singapore, chapters draw on rich qualitative research to place in the foreground the lived experiences of students, teachers, and parents in East Asian countries. In doing so, the text provides indigenous insights into the uses, values, and meanings of shadow education and highlights unknown cultural and regional aspects, as well as related phenomena including trans-boundary learning culture, nomadic learning, individualized learning, and the post-schooling era. Ultimately challenging the previously dominating Western perspective on shadow education, the volume offers innovative theorization to highlight shadow education as a phenomenon which cannot be overlooked in broader discussion of East Asian educational performance, systems, and policy. Offering pioneering insights into the growing phenomenon of shadow education, this text will benefit researchers, academics, and educators with an interest in international and comparative education, curriculum studies, and East Asian educational practices and policy. Those interested in the sociology of education and educational policy will also benefit from this book.
| Author | : Joe Karaganis |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 321 |
| Release | : 2018-05-04 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 0262345706 |
How students get the materials they need as opportunities for higher education expand but funding shrinks. From the top down, Shadow Libraries explores the institutions that shape the provision of educational materials, from the formal sector of universities and publishers to the broadly informal ones organized by faculty, copy shops, student unions, and students themselves. It looks at the history of policy battles over access to education in the post–World War II era and at the narrower versions that have played out in relation to research and textbooks, from library policies to book subsidies to, more recently, the several “open” publication models that have emerged in the higher education sector. From the bottom up, Shadow Libraries explores how, simply, students get the materials they need. It maps the ubiquitous practice of photocopying and what are—in many cases—the more marginal ones of buying books, visiting libraries, and downloading from unauthorized sources. It looks at the informal networks that emerge in many contexts to share materials, from face-to-face student networks to Facebook groups, and at the processes that lead to the consolidation of some of those efforts into more organized archives that circulate offline and sometimes online— the shadow libraries of the title. If Alexandra Elbakyan's Sci-Hub is the largest of these efforts to date, the more characteristic part of her story is the prologue: the personal struggle to participate in global scientific and educational communities, and the recourse to a wide array of ad hoc strategies and networks when formal, authorized means are lacking. If Elbakyan's story has struck a chord, it is in part because it brings this contradiction in the academic project into sharp relief—universalist in principle and unequal in practice. Shadow Libraries is a study of that tension in the digital era. Contributors Balázs Bodó, Laura Czerniewicz, Miroslaw Filiciak, Mariana Fossatti, Jorge Gemetto, Eve Gray, Evelin Heidel, Joe Karaganis, Lawrence Liang, Pedro Mizukami, Jhessica Reia, Alek Tarkowski
| Author | : Anthony S. Dallmann-Jones |
| Publisher | : DEStech Publications, Inc |
| Total Pages | : 235 |
| Release | : 2011-08-17 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 0978761030 |
Understanding and helping at-risk students First book to present in-depth, research-based information on at-risk students in schools todayIdentification and characteristics of at-risk students, and their impact on social and school environmentComponents and analysis of effective prevention and intervention programsSelection of Learner's Edge At-risk students present a major and growing problem in US schools today. Now in a completely updated second edition, Shadow Children: Understanding Education's #1 Problem provides an in-depth, research based examination of the at-risk problem and population by a leading authority. Included is a section of 5 chapters that provides guidance in prevention and intervention programs. The new edition is the primary text for Learner's Edge popular distance learning course "The Courage to Care: Working with At-Risk Students". How can educators identify, assess, understand and help at-risk students? This book provides in-depth answers to key questions such as: Who are today's at-risk children? How do children become at-risk? What are the characteristics of at-risk children—how do they impact the social and school environment? What are the components of effective prevention and intervention programs? The answers to these and questions provided by a leading authority will help you understand and deal with the growing issue of at-risk students in U.S. schools today.
| Author | : Alam, Md. Bayezid |
| Publisher | : IGI Global |
| Total Pages | : 322 |
| Release | : 2024-08-15 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : |
Shadow education, the practice of private tutoring outside formal schooling, has become pervasive in Asia. Driven by intense exam competition and dissatisfaction with mainstream education, it plays a significant role in the region's educational landscape. However, its implications and regulatory frameworks still need to be studied and better understood. This book, Shadow Education in Asia: Policies and Practices, addresses this gap by comprehensively analyzing shadow education policies and practices in Asia. Despite its prevalence, shadow education's impact on students, families, and educational systems is complex and multifaceted. The lack of comprehensive research and understanding has led to challenges regulating and integrating shadow education into formal educational systems. Policymakers and educators struggle to address issues such as educational equity, student well-being, and the quality of education provided through shadow education. This book aims to inform policy discussions and reform efforts, ultimately contributing to a more nuanced understanding of this phenomenon and its role in Asia's educational landscape.
| Author | : Steve R. Entrich |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 326 |
| Release | : 2017-12-07 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 3319691198 |
This book examines why Japan has one of the highest enrolment rates in cram schools and private tutoring worldwide. It sheds light on the causes of this high dependence on ‘shadow education’ and its implications for social inequalities. The book provides a deep and extensive understanding of the role of this kind of education in Japan. It shows new ways to theoretically and empirically address this issue, and offers a comprehensive perspective on the impact of shadow education on social inequality formation that is based on reliable and convincing empirical analyses. Contrary to earlier studies, the book shows that shadow education does not inevitably result in increasing or persisting inequalities, but also inherits the potential to let students overcome their status-specific disadvantages and contributes to more opportunities in education. Against the background of the continuous expansion and the convergence of shadow education systems across the globe, the findings of this book call for similar works in other national contexts, particularly Western societies without traditional large-scale shadow education markets. The book emphasizes the importance and urgency to deal with the modern excesses of educational expansion and education as an institution, in which the shadow education industry has made itself (seemingly) indispensable.
