Semantics-Oriented Natural Language Processing

Semantics-Oriented Natural Language Processing
Author: Vladimir Fomichov A.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 340
Release: 2009-12-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0387729267

Gluecklich, die wissen, dass hinter allen Sprachen das Unsaegliche steht. Those are happy who know that behind all languages there is something unsaid Rainer Maria Rilke This book shows in a new way that a solution to a fundamental problem from one scienti?c ?eld can help to ?nd the solutions to important problems emerged in several other ?elds of science and technology. In modern science, the term “Natural Language” denotes the collection of all such languages that every language is used as a primary means of communication by people belonging to any country or any region. So Natural Language (NL) includes, in particular, the English, Russian, and German languages. The applied computer systems processing natural language printed or written texts (NL-texts) or oral speech with respect to the fact that the words are associated with some meanings are called semantics-oriented natural language processing s- tems (NLPSs). On one hand, this book is a snapshot of the current stage of a research p- gram started many years ago and called Integral Formal Semantics (IFS) of NL. The goal of this program has been to develop the formal models and methods he- ing to overcome the dif?culties of logical character associated with the engineering of semantics-oriented NLPSs. The designers of such systems of arbitrary kinds will ?nd in this book the formal means and algorithms being of great help in their work.

Embeddings in Natural Language Processing

Embeddings in Natural Language Processing
Author: Mohammad Taher Pilehvar
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Total Pages: 177
Release: 2020-11-13
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1636390226

Embeddings have undoubtedly been one of the most influential research areas in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Encoding information into a low-dimensional vector representation, which is easily integrable in modern machine learning models, has played a central role in the development of NLP. Embedding techniques initially focused on words, but the attention soon started to shift to other forms: from graph structures, such as knowledge bases, to other types of textual content, such as sentences and documents. This book provides a high-level synthesis of the main embedding techniques in NLP, in the broad sense. The book starts by explaining conventional word vector space models and word embeddings (e.g., Word2Vec and GloVe) and then moves to other types of embeddings, such as word sense, sentence and document, and graph embeddings. The book also provides an overview of recent developments in contextualized representations (e.g., ELMo and BERT) and explains their potential in NLP. Throughout the book, the reader can find both essential information for understanding a certain topic from scratch and a broad overview of the most successful techniques developed in the literature.

Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing

Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing
Author: Christopher Manning
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 719
Release: 1999-05-28
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0262303795

Statistical approaches to processing natural language text have become dominant in recent years. This foundational text is the first comprehensive introduction to statistical natural language processing (NLP) to appear. The book contains all the theory and algorithms needed for building NLP tools. It provides broad but rigorous coverage of mathematical and linguistic foundations, as well as detailed discussion of statistical methods, allowing students and researchers to construct their own implementations. The book covers collocation finding, word sense disambiguation, probabilistic parsing, information retrieval, and other applications.

Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing II

Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing II
Author: Emily M. Bender
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Total Pages: 270
Release: 2019-11-06
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 168173074X

Meaning is a fundamental concept in Natural Language Processing (NLP), in the tasks of both Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). This is because the aims of these fields are to build systems that understand what people mean when they speak or write, and that can produce linguistic strings that successfully express to people the intended content. In order for NLP to scale beyond partial, task-specific solutions, researchers in these fields must be informed by what is known about how humans use language to express and understand communicative intents. The purpose of this book is to present a selection of useful information about semantics and pragmatics, as understood in linguistics, in a way that's accessible to and useful for NLP practitioners with minimal (or even no) prior training in linguistics.

Natural Language Processing and Information Systems

Natural Language Processing and Information Systems
Author: Elisabeth Métais
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 283
Release: 2014-06-16
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3319079832

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, NLDB 2014, held in Montpellier, France, in June 2014. The 13 long papers, 8 short papers, 14 poster papers, and 7 demo papers presented together with 2 invited talks in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 73 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: syntactic, lexical and semantic analysis; information extraction; information retrieval and sentiment analysis and social networks.

Natural Language Processing and Information Systems

Natural Language Processing and Information Systems
Author: Andrés Montoyo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 418
Release: 2005-06-01
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3540260315

NLDB 2005, the 10th International Conference on Applications of Natural L- guage to Information Systems, was held on June 15–17, 2005 at the University of Alicante, Spain. Since the ?rst NLDB conference in 1995 the main goal has been to provide a forum to discuss and disseminate research on the integration of natural language resources in information system engineering. The development and convergence of computing, telecommunications and information systems has already led to a revolution in the way that we work, communicate with each other, buy goods and use services, and even in the way that weentertainandeducate ourselves.The revolutioncontinues,andoneof its results is that large volumes of information will increasingly be held in a form which is more natural for users than the data presentation formats typical of computer systems of the past. Natural language processing (NLP) is crucial in solving these problems, and language technologies will make an indispensable contribution to the success of information systems. We hope that NLDB 2005 was a modest contribution to this goal. NLDB 2005 contributed to advancing the goals and the high international standing of these conferences, largely due to its Program Committee, composed of renowned researchers in the ?eld of natural language processing and inf- mation system engineering. Papers were reviewed by three reviewers from the Program Committee. This clearly contributed to the signi?cant number of - pers submitted(95).Twenty-ninewereacceptedasregularpapers,while18were accepted as short papers.

Knowledge Representation and the Semantics of Natural Language

Knowledge Representation and the Semantics of Natural Language
Author: Hermann Helbig
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 652
Release: 2005-12-19
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3540299661

Natural Language is not only the most important means of communication between human beings, it is also used over historical periods for the pres- vation of cultural achievements and their transmission from one generation to the other. During the last few decades, the ?ood of digitalized information has been growing tremendously. This tendency will continue with the globali- tion of information societies and with the growing importance of national and international computer networks. This is one reason why the theoretical und- standing and the automated treatment of communication processes based on natural language have such a decisive social and economic impact. In this c- text, the semantic representation of knowledge originally formulated in natural language plays a central part, because it connects all components of natural language processing systems, be they the automatic understanding of natural language (analysis), the rational reasoning over knowledge bases, or the g- eration of natural language expressions from formal representations. This book presents a method for the semantic representation of natural l- guage expressions (texts, sentences, phrases, etc. ) which can be used as a u- versal knowledge representation paradigm in the human sciences, like lingu- tics, cognitive psychology, or philosophy of language, as well as in com- tational linguistics and in arti?cial intelligence. It is also an attempt to close the gap between these disciplines, which to a large extent are still working separately.

Database and Expert Systems Applications

Database and Expert Systems Applications
Author: Hendrik Decker
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 534
Release: 2014-08-20
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3319100734

This two volume set LNCS 8644 and LNCS 8645 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications, DEXA 2014, held in Munich, Germany, September 1-4, 2014. The 37 revised full papers presented together with 46 short papers, and 2 keynote talks, were carefully reviewed and selected from 159 submissions. The papers discuss a range of topics including: data quality; social web; XML keyword search; skyline queries; graph algorithms; information retrieval; XML; security; semantic web; classification and clustering; queries; social computing; similarity search; ranking; data mining; big data; approximations; privacy; data exchange; data integration; web semantics; repositories; partitioning; and business applications.

Chinese Lexical Semantics

Chinese Lexical Semantics
Author: Donghong Ji
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 838
Release: 2013-02-15
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3642363377

This book constitutes carefully reviewed and revised selected papers from the 13th Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop, CLSW 2012, held in Wuhan, China, in July 2012. The 67 full papers and 17 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 169 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: applications on natural language processing; corpus linguistics; lexical computation; lexical resources; lexical semantics; new methods for lexical semantics; and other topics.