Effectiveness of Selection Based on Variability Uncomplicated by Heterotic Effects in Neurospora

Effectiveness of Selection Based on Variability Uncomplicated by Heterotic Effects in Neurospora
Author: Kenneth Edwin Papa
Publisher:
Total Pages: 578
Release: 1964
Genre: Neurospora
ISBN:
GET BOOK

Selection for fast growth rate was practiced at 3 different temperatures in inter- and intra-strain crosses of Neurospora. The selection procedure was specifically designed to test genetic models in relation to genetic progress. Estimates of the parameters involved in the theoretical response curves were obtained from the experimental data. An estimate of the genetic component of variance based only the early generations of selection was chosen over one which weighted each generation equally. Since environmental variances increased with temperature, data over temperatures were not pooled. Logarithmic and square root transformations of the data failed to stabilize the environmental variances among the temperatures or among the crosses within any one temperature. An investigation of the estimators involved in the predicted response curve indicated that estimates of the slope and intercept were least squares estimators conditional on the fact that genetic and environmental estimates were the true values. Relatively good agreement was obtained between observed and theoretical responses to selection at the 3 different temperatures.

Genetics of Adaptation

Genetics of Adaptation
Author: Rodney Mauricio
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 207
Release: 2005-07-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402038364
GET BOOK

An enduring controversy in evolutionary biology is the genetic basis of adaptation. Darwin emphasized "many slight differences" as the ultimate source of variation to be acted upon by natural selection. In the early 1900’s, this view was opposed by "Mendelian geneticists", who emphasized the importance of "macromutations" in evolution. The Modern Synthesis resolved this controversy, concluding that mutations in genes of very small effect were responsible for adaptive evolution. A decade ago, Allen Orr and Jerry Coyne reexamined the evidence for this neo-Darwinian view and found that both the theoretical and empirical basis for it were weak. Orr and Coyne encouraged evolutionary biologists to reexamine this neglected question: what is the genetic basis of adaptive evolution? In this volume, a new generation of biologists have taken up this challenge. Using advances in both molecular genetic and statistical techniques, evolutionary geneticists have made considerable progress in this emerging field. In this volume, a diversity of examples from plant and animal studies provides valuable information for those interested in the genetics and evolution of complex traits.

Genetics and Biotechnology

Genetics and Biotechnology
Author: Ulrich Kück
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3662103648
GET BOOK

Mycology, the study of fungi, originated as a subdiscipline of botany and was a descriptive discipline, largely neglected as an experimental science until the early years of this century. A seminal paper by Blakeslee in 1904 provided evidence for self incompatibility, termed "heterothallism", and stimulated interest in studies related to the control of sexual reproduction in fungi by mating-type specificities. Soon to follow was the demonstration that sexually reproducing fungi exhibit Mendelian inheritance and that it was possible to conduct formal genetic analysis with fungi. The names Burgeff, Kniep and Lindegren are all associated with this early period of fungal genetics research. These studies and the discovery of penicillin by Fleming, who shared a Nobel Prize in 1945, provided further impetus for experimental research with fungi. Thus began a period of interest in mutation induction and analysis of mutants for bio chemical traits. Such fundamental research, conducted largely with Neurospora crassa, led to the one gene: one enzyme hypothesis and to a second Nobel Prize for fungal research awarded to Beadle and Tatum in 1958. Fundamental research in biochemical genetics was extended to other fungi, especially to Saccharomyces cere visiae, and by the mid-1960s fungal systems were much favored for studies in eukaryotic molecular biology and were soon able to compete with bacterial systems in the molecular arena.

The Genetics of Circadian Rhythms

The Genetics of Circadian Rhythms
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 269
Release: 2011-09-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0123876982
GET BOOK

This latest volume in Advances in Genetics covers the genetics of Circadian rhythms. With an international group of authors this volume is the latest offering in this widely praised series.

The Neurospora Compendium

The Neurospora Compendium
Author: David D. Perkins
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 325
Release: 2000-10-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780125507516
GET BOOK

The fungi have been major players in the molecular revolution that has transformed biology. Because they can be manipulated as microorganisms, yeast and Neurospora provide information that is difficult to acquire with plants and animals, and experimental findings with fungi often throw light on corresponding processes in plants and animals. The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa has become a valuable model organism because of its favorable features for genetic analysis and because of the vast store of information that has been acquired during 75 years of research. This compendium provides researchers and students with a concise account of current knowledge about the genes and genome of Neurospora, setting the stage for research that will follow completion of the genome sequence. This book, which is fully documented and abundantly illustrated, will be an indispensable tool in any laboratory that uses fungi for research in molecular genetics, classical genetics, developmental genetics, or cell biology. Molecular, genetic, and phenotypic information for over 1000 nuclear genes Genetic maps Linkage group assignments for 1000 loci 2300 references, 68 figures Guide to electronic and other sources of information Summary information on the mitochondrial genome cDNAs identified from different stages of life Classical, cytogenetic, and molecular data, anticipating completion of the genome sequence

Pharmacoepigenetics

Pharmacoepigenetics
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 983
Release: 2019-06-04
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128139404
GET BOOK

Pharmacoepigenetics, Volume Eleven provides a comprehensive volume on the role of epigenetics and epigenomics in drug discovery and development, providing a detailed, but accessible, view of the field, from basic principles, to applications in disease therapeutics. Leading international researchers from across academia, clinical settings and the pharmaceutical industry discuss the influence of epigenetics and epigenomics in human pathology, epigenetic biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, and treatment, current epigenetic drugs, and the application of epigenetic procedures in drug development. Throughout the book, chapter authors offer a balanced and objective discussion of the future of pharmacoepigenetics and its crucial contribution to the growth of precision and personalized medicine. Fully examines the influence of epigenetics and epigenomics in human pathology, epigenetic biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, treatment, current epigenetic drugs and the application of epigenetic procedures in drug development Features chapter contributions from leading international researchers in academia, clinical settings and the pharmaceutical industry Instructs researchers, students and clinicians on how to better interpret and employ pharmacoepigenetics in drug development, efficiency and safety Provides a balanced and objective discussion of the future of pharmacoepigenetics and its crucial role in precision medicine