Seasonal Snowpacks

Seasonal Snowpacks
Author: Trevor D. Davies
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 474
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642751121

Seasonal Snowpacks examines the processes which control the chemistry of seasonal snowcover and provides detailed information on the biogeographical distribution of snow (e.g. urban, alpine snowpacks), snow composition (e.g. micropollutants, stable isotopes) or the physical and biological processes which influence the chemical changes in snow (e.g. wind, microbiological activity). The fluxes of chemicals at the snow-atmosphere and snow-soil interfaces are examined, as are processes which modify composition within the snowcover. It is the first book in which the reader will find a comprehensive overview of the theoretical concepts, latest measurement techniques, process-oriented research methods, and models of studies in snow chemistry. The linkages between snow chemistry, atmospheric chemistry and hydrology will make this book of use to both research workers and students in the physical and biological sciences and to natural resource management personnel.

Effects of Stratigraphic Layers on Water Flow Through Snow

Effects of Stratigraphic Layers on Water Flow Through Snow
Author: Samuel C. Colbeck
Publisher:
Total Pages: 28
Release: 1973
Genre: Hydrodynamics
ISBN:

The flow of water through layered snowpacks is discussed. A method for predicting flow through unsaturated layers is given. The flow along ice layers and through ice layers is analyzed in terms of the slope, permeability, thickness and length of the layers. It is shown that the permeability of ice layers required to cause large flow diversions is quite small. The effect of slope is large even at small angles. (Author).

Atmospheric Rivers

Atmospheric Rivers
Author: F. Martin Ralph
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2020-07-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030289060

This book is the standard reference based on roughly 20 years of research on atmospheric rivers, emphasizing progress made on key research and applications questions and remaining knowledge gaps. The book presents the history of atmospheric-rivers research, the current state of scientific knowledge, tools, and policy-relevant (science-informed) problems that lend themselves to real-world application of the research—and how the topic fits into larger national and global contexts. This book is written by a global team of authors who have conducted and published the majority of critical research on atmospheric rivers over the past years. The book is intended to benefit practitioners in the fields of meteorology, hydrology and related disciplines, including students as well as senior researchers.

Earth Science and Applications from Space

Earth Science and Applications from Space
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 460
Release: 2007-10-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780309103879

Natural and human-induced changes in Earth's interior, land surface, biosphere, atmosphere, and oceans affect all aspects of life. Understanding these changes requires a range of observations acquired from land-, sea-, air-, and space-based platforms. To assist NASA, NOAA, and USGS in developing these tools, the NRC was asked to carry out a "decadal strategy" survey of Earth science and applications from space that would develop the key scientific questions on which to focus Earth and environmental observations in the period 2005-2015 and beyond, and present a prioritized list of space programs, missions, and supporting activities to address these questions. This report presents a vision for the Earth science program; an analysis of the existing Earth Observing System and recommendations to help restore its capabilities; an assessment of and recommendations for new observations and missions for the next decade; an examination of and recommendations for effective application of those observations; and an analysis of how best to sustain that observation and applications system.

One-dimensional Water Flow Through Snow

One-dimensional Water Flow Through Snow
Author: Samuel C. Colbeck
Publisher:
Total Pages: 28
Release: 1971
Genre: Glaciology
ISBN:

A theory is developed to describe the percolation of water through isothermal snow with a vertical porosity gradient. While the necessary laboratory experiments have not been done for snow, concepts from the general theory of two phase flow through porous media are used in the development. The general solution for the one-dimensional problem is given, which, when combined with any periodic boundary condition, can be used to make quantitative predictions. The theory is applied to water percolation through firn on the upper Seward Glacier. Using appropriate values for the parameters, theory shows a wave of volume flux which travels down into the firn and develops features similar to those observed by Sharp. These include an initially symmetric wave which distorts with depth, continuous (rather than intermittent) downward flow beneath the surface, and a decreasing value for the wave crest with depth. The theory predicts that the waves advance with a shock front which grows with depth. The shock front is thought to be only an approximation to the actual physical process. (Author).

Ecosystem Consequences of Soil Warming

Ecosystem Consequences of Soil Warming
Author: Jacqueline E. Mohan
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 592
Release: 2019-04-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128134933

Ecosystem Consequences of Soil Warming: Microbes, Vegetation, Fauna and Soil Biogeochemistry focuses on biotic and biogeochemical responses to warmer soils including plant and microbial evolution. It covers various field settings, such as arctic tundra; alpine meadows; temperate, tropical and subalpine forests; drylands; and grassland ecosystems. Information integrates multiple natural science disciplines, providing a holistic, integrative approach that will help readers understand and forecast future planetwide responses to soil warming. Students and educators will find this book informative for understanding biotic and biogeochemical responses to changing climatic conditions. Scientists from a wide range of disciplines, including soil scientists, ecologists, geneticists, as well as molecular, evolutionary and conservation biologists, will find this book a valuable resource in understanding and planning for warmer climate conditions. Emphasizes biological components of soils, plants and microbes that provide linkages to physics and chemistry Brings together chapters written by global scientific experts with interests in communication and education Includes coverage of polar, alpine, tropical, temperate and dryland ecosystems