Screening Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for Differential Responses to Iron Nutrition

Screening Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for Differential Responses to Iron Nutrition
Author: Y. Yusuf
Publisher:
Total Pages: 189
Release: 1980
Genre:
ISBN:

Experiment were conducted with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) to a) determine optimum conditions to screen for differential responses of genotypes to Fe deficiency in nutrient solutions, b) compare responses of nutrient solution-grown plants to soil-grown plants, and C) determine some of the physiological and chemical properties of genotypes consiedered to be both tolerant and susceptible to Fe deficiencies. Plants were grown in nutrient solutions and soils under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Iron deficiencies were imposed on the plants by 1) adding varied amounts of Fe, 2) adding higher than normal levels of P, 3) adding high levels of CaCO3, 4) using different sources of N, and 5) using low Fe soils. Parameters used to measure some aspectsof different responses of the genotypes to Fe and the physiological and chemical properties were the degree Fe deficiencysymptoms in the upper leaves, dry-matter yields, dry-matter produced/unit Fe, Fe concentration and contents, top/root dry-matter and Fe ratios, distribution of Fe among upper and lower leaves, Ph changes innutrient solutions, 'reductant' (phenolic compounds) released by roots in nutrient solution, leaf surface areas and plant heights, leaf chlorophyll concentrations, and concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Cu, and Zn and their possible interactions with Fe in leaves and roots. In nutrient solution screening, plants grown with higher than normal P and with N03 as the sole source of N become Fe deficient more rapidly and gave wider (...).

Screening Sorghum for Aluminum Tolerance

Screening Sorghum for Aluminum Tolerance
Author: Pedro R. Furlani
Publisher:
Total Pages: 248
Release: 1979
Genre:
ISBN:

Aluminum tolerance screening methods have not been adequately described for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). identification of Al tolerant sorghum is important if this crop is to be grown on many of the acid, Al toxic soils of the world. An Al tolerance screening method using nutrient solutions was developed for sorghum and the optimum conditions described so that good differential responses of genotypes could obtaines. The method allowed for a relatively large number of plants (126) to be grown in the same container of relatively low volume (6.31) and in a small area. Good results were obtained within 10 days from the time plants were treated with Al. The optimum growth conditions were: 148 uM Al, 64 uM P, 7.4 mM ca, 1.6 mM Mg, and day/night temperaturesof 28/23C. High or low levels of mineral elements or temperatures resulted in reduced dry-matter yields, mineral deficiencies, too severe Al toxicity symptoms, or no differential responses among genotypes. Of the parameters measured (Al toxicity symptom rating, root lengths, and top and root dry matter weichts), Al toxicity symptom ratings and root lengths could be used assess Al tolerant of the genotypes, but dry weights could not. Aluminum toxicity symptom ratings appeared to be a more reliable parameter to evaluate Al toxicity than root lengths. Ninety-three sorghum genotypes were screened for Al tolerance. Some of the more Al tolerant genotypes were: NP Yellow 71LN5432, SC110 x SC120 76LN2643, SC116 x SC396, 76LN2474, SC500-6-1, NB4692, Wheatland (...).

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use
Author: R Duncan
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 589
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323145167

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use examines the various plant and soil factors that contribute to nutrient use efficiency of plants. It attempts to address policies regarding Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (LISA), conservation-oriented cropping systems, and reductions in environmental contaminants. It also presents longer-term remedies to some of the inherent problems of high volume applications of expensive fertilizer nutrients. This book emphasizes plant-soil interaction, particularly, nutritional interactions involving rhizosphere, microbes, and stress on the root system. Stress factors include moisture and low and high pH. The book also covers the genetic and physiological response of plant to nutrients at the cellular level, on a whole-plant basis, and when subjected to stress. This book will contribute to the development of a more cost-effective and judicious nutrient usage of major crops.

Production and Improvement of Crops for Drylands

Production and Improvement of Crops for Drylands
Author: U. S. Gupta
Publisher:
Total Pages: 472
Release: 1995
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN:

The importance of dryland farming has been highlighted in the earlier edited titled Physiological Aspects of Dryland Farming, which has been in the market for two decades (1975-1995). Since then considerable research has been conducted and the results published. It was thought necessary to incorporate the new data. Some of the contributors have updated their chapters. The editor took on the task of updating the remaining chapters and these have come out very well. The chapter "Heat until concept of crop maturity" has been deleted and a new chapter "Crop improvement for arid environment" has been added. This is an advance which was lacking in the previous work and has thus increased the value of book tremendously. It was considered appropriate to change the title of the work to the present one. The book is international in scope and has thus maintained its character. It is authoritative and well documented and will serve the readers even better than before.