Screening Sorghum for Aluminum Tolerance

Screening Sorghum for Aluminum Tolerance
Author: Pedro R. Furlani
Publisher:
Total Pages: 248
Release: 1979
Genre:
ISBN:

Aluminum tolerance screening methods have not been adequately described for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). identification of Al tolerant sorghum is important if this crop is to be grown on many of the acid, Al toxic soils of the world. An Al tolerance screening method using nutrient solutions was developed for sorghum and the optimum conditions described so that good differential responses of genotypes could obtaines. The method allowed for a relatively large number of plants (126) to be grown in the same container of relatively low volume (6.31) and in a small area. Good results were obtained within 10 days from the time plants were treated with Al. The optimum growth conditions were: 148 uM Al, 64 uM P, 7.4 mM ca, 1.6 mM Mg, and day/night temperaturesof 28/23C. High or low levels of mineral elements or temperatures resulted in reduced dry-matter yields, mineral deficiencies, too severe Al toxicity symptoms, or no differential responses among genotypes. Of the parameters measured (Al toxicity symptom rating, root lengths, and top and root dry matter weichts), Al toxicity symptom ratings and root lengths could be used assess Al tolerant of the genotypes, but dry weights could not. Aluminum toxicity symptom ratings appeared to be a more reliable parameter to evaluate Al toxicity than root lengths. Ninety-three sorghum genotypes were screened for Al tolerance. Some of the more Al tolerant genotypes were: NP Yellow 71LN5432, SC110 x SC120 76LN2643, SC116 x SC396, 76LN2474, SC500-6-1, NB4692, Wheatland (...).

Screening sorghum for aluminum tolerance

Screening sorghum for aluminum tolerance
Author: P.R. Furlani
Publisher:
Total Pages: 51
Release: 1979
Genre:
ISBN:

The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop a method for growing large numbers of sorghum plants with esse and rapidity; 2) to test the effects of Al, P, Ca, and Mg concentrations in combination with each other, and the effects of varied temperatures on Al toxicity symptoms of sorghum, and 3) to evaluate numerous sorghum genotypes for Al tolerance un nutriente solutions.

Sorghum for Acid Soils

Sorghum for Acid Soils
Author: Lynn M. Gourley
Publisher: CIAT
Total Pages: 340
Release: 1987
Genre: Acid soils
ISBN: 8489206643

Soil in the tropics, classification and characteristics; phosphorus availability in the acid soils of tropical America; analysis methodologyfor tropical soils; strategies implied in the use and management of acid soils in Tropical America; a new methodology to select cultivars tolerant to aluminium and with high yield potential; calcium and root penetration in highly weathered soils; sorghum evaluation in the Llanos of Venezuela; potential role of grains sorghum in the agricultural systems of regions with acid soils in tropical latin america; effective screening techniques for tolerance to aluminium toxicity; tolerance to aluminium toxicity in upland rice for acid soils; breeding methodologyfor phosphorus efficiency and tolerance to aluminium and manganesetoxicities for beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.); world sorghum germplasm collection and conservation; prospects for sorghum improvement for phosphorus efficiency; evaluation of mineral elements in sorghum grown onacid tropical soils; breeding aluminum-tolerant sorghums; finding and utilizing exotic al-tolerant sorghum germplasm.

Inheritance Study of Aluminum Tolerance in Sorghum in Nutrient Culture

Inheritance Study of Aluminum Tolerance in Sorghum in Nutrient Culture
Author: Candido Ricardo Bastos
Publisher:
Total Pages: 80
Release: 1982
Genre: Sorghum
ISBN:

Four sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) restores lines, five of their F1 hybrids, and F2 and F3 populations were evaluated for tolerance to the toxic effects of aluminium in nutrient solution. Gene action and inheritance of the tolerance factors were also studied. A rapid screening-selection techniques using three-day-old seedlings transferred from a germinator into the nutrient solution was employed. A modified Steinburg nutrient solution was amintained at ph 4 andamended with 6 ppmno Al 0.75 ppm of P. Primary root lengths were measured at the beginning and conclusion of a 6-day treatment period. Net root growth and relative root length (growth during treatment as a percentage of the control without Al) were used as parameters to assess Al toxicity.A total of 708 F2 seedlings of each population plus 60 seedlings of each parent at 6 ppm of Al, and 102 F2 seedlings of each population plus 60 seedlings of each parent at 0 ppm Al were observed. Segregates in the upper 10% of the distribution were selected form easch population, planted in a greenhouse, and F3 seeds were produced. All F2 frequency distribution showed a normal distribution for both characters, indicating that Al tolerance is probably a quantitative trait. Transgressive segregation was found in F2 population of most of the crosses in one or both directions, indicating that genetic variability of the parental lines was due differnt gene(s). A lack of dominance and a tendency for partial dominance for sensitivity to Al toxicity for the (...).

Advances in Sorghum Science

Advances in Sorghum Science
Author: Ratikanta Maiti
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2021-07-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1000286886

This new volume, Advances in Sorghum Science: Botany, Production, and Crop Improvement, provides an easy-to-read and comprehensive treatment of the sorghum crop. With the world’s production of sorghum topping over 55 million tons annually, sorghum is very important for as a staple dietary food for much of the world as a rich source of micronutrients and macronutrients, as an ingredient in the processing of many foods, and as a source of fodder. The authors of the volume provide detailed information on sorghum from several disciplines and bring together recent literature under one umbrella. The book covers the various aspects of the sorghum crop, starting from its origin, to its domestication, and going on to biotechnology of the crop. It describes sorghum production, ideotypes, botany, physiology, abiotic and biotic factors affecting crop productivity, methods of cultivation, postharvest management, grain quality analysis for food processing, improvement of sorghum crop, and research advancements in breeding and biotechnology. This valuable resource will be helpful to researchers and scientists working to understand the relation between various disciplines and the implementation of new methods and technology for crop improvement and higher productivity. The multi-pronged approach will help to enable the increase sorghum productivity to meet the world’s growing demands.

Limitations to Plant Root Growth

Limitations to Plant Root Growth
Author:
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 231
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461228948

In the past 10 years, there has been a resurgence in interest in soil management and conservation of the soil resource. With the knowledge we have accumulated in the past 100 years, there is the possibility of developing new and innovative ways of effectively managing the soil. The emphasis on sustainable agriculture requires that we understand how to utilize the soil as a viable living resource. To meet the world demand for food within the next 50 years requires a healthy and strong soil resource which can sustain production. With the dedication of the National Soil Tilth Laboratory in 1989, it was decided that one contribution the laboratory could make to agri cultural science would be to foster an exchange of information on soil management. The focus of that interchange centers on long-term soil management. If we are to fulfill the goals of sustainable agriculture, environmental quality, and feeding the world, there will have to be an increased understanding of how to effectively manage the soil. Long-term soil management requires integrated and interdisciplinary research to bring all of the information together in terms which would be applicable to all soils. To accomplish this goal a workshop is held each year, with the exchange of information focusing on a single topic within the framework of developing effective strategies for long-term soil management. With the forum to focus on an individual theme each year, the theme for the initial workshop was "Limitations to Plant Root Growth.

Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants

Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants
Author: Jonathan Shaw
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 372
Release: 1989-12-21
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780849368523

This volume provides a synthesis of recent work on evolutionary aspects of metal tolerance in plants. It presents contributions from scientists with a wide diversity of expertise. It covers the evolution of heavy metal tolerance in groups of plants, fungi, and protists. The book discusses the physiological, genetic and molecular aspects of metal tolerances. It deals with the evolution of populations in metal-contaminated environments. Several chapters include tolerance in animals in order to place the rest of the book on plants in proper perspective. This publication is an exciting addition for scientists with both applied and basic interest in metal toxicity and tolerance. It is of importance to those in vegetation ecology, land reclamation, agronomy, physiology, population ecology, ecological genetics, evolutionary biology and molecular biology.

Genetic Aspects of Plant Mineral Nutrition

Genetic Aspects of Plant Mineral Nutrition
Author: W.H. Gabelman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 599
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400935811

This volume presents the proceedings of the Second International Sym posium on Genetic Aspects ofPlant Minerai Nutrition, held in Madison, Wisconsin in 1985. The mechanisms by which plants acquire, transport and utilize essential minerai nutrients are highly complex. The means by which plants either exclude or tolerate ions of metals toxic to plants are equally complex. The first symposium attempted to convene research scientists con cerned with minerai nutrition for the purpose of exploring the kinds of minerai nutrition phenomena identified as being under genetic contro!. The first symposium also placed much emphasis on research to which genetic intervention might be applied. At the second symposium more papers were presented on genetic and breeding research, a long-term objective of the first symposium. The second symposium also included biotic interactions under genetic con trol that either enhanced or impeded ion uptake, e.g. mycorrhizae and nitrogen fixing bacteria. This continuing dialogue is essential for a research area the complexity of which is due to its interdisciplinary nature.

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use
Author: R Duncan
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 589
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323145167

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use examines the various plant and soil factors that contribute to nutrient use efficiency of plants. It attempts to address policies regarding Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (LISA), conservation-oriented cropping systems, and reductions in environmental contaminants. It also presents longer-term remedies to some of the inherent problems of high volume applications of expensive fertilizer nutrients. This book emphasizes plant-soil interaction, particularly, nutritional interactions involving rhizosphere, microbes, and stress on the root system. Stress factors include moisture and low and high pH. The book also covers the genetic and physiological response of plant to nutrients at the cellular level, on a whole-plant basis, and when subjected to stress. This book will contribute to the development of a more cost-effective and judicious nutrient usage of major crops.

Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Sorghum

Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Sorghum
Author: Yi-Hong Wang
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2014-07-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1482210088

Sorghum is one of the hardiest crop plants in modern agriculture and also one of the most versatile. Its seeds provide calorie for food and feed, stalks for building and industrial materials and its juice for syrup. This book provides an in-depth review of the cutting-edge knowledge in sorghum genetics and its applications in sorghum breeding. Each chapter is authored by specialists in their fields to report the latest trends and findings. The book showcases the definitive value of sorghum as a model system to study the genetic basis of crop productivity and stress tolerance and will provide a foundation for future studies in sorghum genetics, genomics, and breeding.