Science Policies And Twentieth Century Dictatorships
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Author | : Amparo Gómez |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 244 |
Release | : 2016-03-03 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1317058968 |
Making a fresh contribution to the political history of science, this book explores the connections between the science policies of three countries that each experienced considerable political upheaval in the twentieth century: Spain, Italy and Argentina. By focussing on these three countries, the contributors are able to present case studies that highlight the characteristics and specificities of the democratic and dictatorial political processes involved in the production of science and technology. The focus on dictatorship presents the opportunity to expand our knowledge -beyond the more extensive literature about science in Nazi Germany and Stalinist USSR -about the level of political involvement of scientists in non-democratic contexts and to what extent they act as politicians in different contexts. Key topics covered include the new forms of organization and institutionalization of science in the twentieth century; the involvement of scientific communities in the governance of science and its institutions; the role of ideology in scientific development; the scientific practices adopted by scientific communities in different contexts; and the characteristics of science and technology produced in these contexts.
Author | : Amparo Gomez |
Publisher | : Lund Humphries Publishers |
Total Pages | : 223 |
Release | : 2015 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9781472422330 |
Making a fresh contribution to the political history of science, this book explores the connections between the science policies of three countries that each experienced considerable political upheaval in the twentieth century: Spain, Italy and Argentina. By focussing on these three countries, the contributors are able to present case studies that highlight the characteristics and specificities of the democratic and dictatorial political processes involved in the production of science and technology. The focus on dictatorship presents the opportunity to expand our knowledge -beyond the more extensive literature about science in Nazi Germany and Stalinist USSR -about the level of political involvement of scientists in non-democratic contexts and to what extent they act as politicians in different contexts. Key topics covered include the new forms of organization and institutionalization of science in the twentieth century; the involvement of scientific communities in the governance of science and its institutions; the role of ideology in scientific development; the scientific practices adopted by scientific communities in different contexts; and the characteristics of science and technology produced in these contexts.
Author | : Phillip Darrell Collins |
Publisher | : iUniverse |
Total Pages | : 251 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780595759910 |
A. In the past, the elite manipulated the population through a more mystical belief system. In particular, there was the institution of Sun worship (typified by deities such as Osiris and Set). However, as antiquity gave way to modern history, this system of control began to lose its effectiveness. During the sixteenth century, the ruling class managed to co-opt a relatively new methodology of truth discernment...science. Over the years, they would contaminate this institution with their own virulent strains of thought...metaphysical naturalism, radical empiricism, Malthusianism, Darwinism, behaviorism, radical environmentalism, etc. Many of these paradigms were derivative of their own occult doctrines, thinly veiled to appear as objective science. All of these concepts correlate in some way and, at some point, coalesce. Together, they are gradually paving the way for the re-introduction of the hidden god of the Ancient Mysteries.
Author | : John Connelly |
Publisher | : Penn State Press |
Total Pages | : 338 |
Release | : 2010-11-01 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 9780271047966 |
Author | : Maria-Sophia Quine |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 161 |
Release | : 2013-04-15 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1134894228 |
Maria Sophia Quine demystifies the population policies of fascist regimes by looking at them in the wider context of how societies in general reacted to the profound economic changes brought by industrialization. Population Politics in Twentieth Century Europe: * provides an original, comparative treatment of European population policies * gives the historical background to twentieth-century population policies * considers topics such as racism and sexism in Nazi ideology, Eugenics in England, family allowance schemes in France, and sterilization * synthesizes the latest research in different fields and countries.
Author | : Dieter Hoffmann |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 483 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1107006848 |
This book details the effects of the Nazi regime on the German Physical Society.
Author | : Daniel Treisman |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 368 |
Release | : 2023-04-04 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0691224471 |
How a new breed of dictators holds power by manipulating information and faking democracy Hitler, Stalin, and Mao ruled through violence, fear, and ideology. But in recent decades a new breed of media-savvy strongmen has been redesigning authoritarian rule for a more sophisticated, globally connected world. In place of overt, mass repression, rulers such as Vladimir Putin, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, and Viktor Orbán control their citizens by distorting information and simulating democratic procedures. Like spin doctors in democracies, they spin the news to engineer support. Uncovering this new brand of authoritarianism, Sergei Guriev and Daniel Treisman explain the rise of such “spin dictators,” describing how they emerge and operate, the new threats they pose, and how democracies should respond. Spin Dictators traces how leaders such as Singapore’s Lee Kuan Yew and Peru’s Alberto Fujimori pioneered less violent, more covert, and more effective methods of monopolizing power. They cultivated an image of competence, concealed censorship, and used democratic institutions to undermine democracy, all while increasing international engagement for financial and reputational benefits. The book reveals why most of today’s authoritarians are spin dictators—and how they differ from the remaining “fear dictators” such as Kim Jong-un and Bashar al-Assad, as well as from masters of high-tech repression like Xi Jinping. Offering incisive portraits of today’s authoritarian leaders, Spin Dictators explains some of the great political puzzles of our time—from how dictators can survive in an age of growing modernity to the disturbing convergence and mutual sympathy between dictators and populists like Donald Trump.
Author | : Anne Meng |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 277 |
Release | : 2020-08-20 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1108834892 |
Examining constitutional rules and power-sharing in Africa reveals how some dictatorships become institutionalized, rule-based systems.
Author | : Frank Dikötter |
Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
Total Pages | : 377 |
Release | : 2019-09-05 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1408891603 |
'Brilliant' NEW STATESMAN, BOOKS OF THE YEAR 'Enlightening and a good read' SPECTATOR 'Moving and perceptive' NEW STATESMAN Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, Mao Zedong, Kim Il-sung, Ceausescu, Mengistu of Ethiopia and Duvalier of Haiti. No dictator can rule through fear and violence alone. Naked power can be grabbed and held temporarily, but it never suffices in the long term. A tyrant who can compel his own people to acclaim him will last longer. The paradox of the modern dictator is that he must create the illusion of popular support. Throughout the twentieth century, hundreds of millions of people were condemned to enthusiasm, obliged to hail their leaders even as they were herded down the road to serfdom. In How to Be a Dictator, Frank Dikötter returns to eight of the most chillingly effective personality cults of the twentieth century. From carefully choreographed parades to the deliberate cultivation of a shroud of mystery through iron censorship, these dictators ceaselessly worked on their own image and encouraged the population at large to glorify them. At a time when democracy is in retreat, are we seeing a revival of the same techniques among some of today's world leaders? This timely study, told with great narrative verve, examines how a cult takes hold, grows, and sustains itself. It places the cult of personality where it belongs, at the very heart of tyranny.
Author | : Agustí Nieto-Galan |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 311 |
Release | : 2019-08-22 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1108482430 |
Nieto-Galan examines the political role of chemistry in twentieth-century Spain, enriching understandings of the relationship between science and power.