Traffic barriers are roadside hardware of various designs and materials which are intended to protect vehicles from such off-the-road hazards as trees, embankments, ravines, signposts, bridge support pillars or abutments, or other hazards. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has been concerned with the problem of inadequate traffic barriers for several years. The Safety Board has investigated accidents in which barriers failed, and has made recommendations to the FHWA. Of primary importance among these have been recommendations that the FHWA develop and promulgate mandatory performance standards for traffic barriers. The purpose of such standards would be to require that traffic barrier types be crash-tested to demonstrate their ability to meet a set of established safety criteria. At present, barriers are not required to meet such criteria through crash-testing. The purpose of this report is to review past Safety Board concerns regarding the adequacy of bridge and highway rail systems and to evaluate the FHWA's efforts to develop safer traffic barriers. This study analyzes the results of recent crash-testing sponsored by the FHWA and makes recommendations concerning performance standards for traffic barriers.