Russian Foreign Policy toward Missile Defense

Russian Foreign Policy toward Missile Defense
Author: Bilyana Lilly
Publisher: Lexington Books
Total Pages: 393
Release: 2014-08-21
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0739183850

This book is devoted to one of the central issues in U.S.-Russian and NATO-Russian relations—ballistic missile defense. Drawing on more than 2,000 primary sources, interviews with Russian and NATO officials, and a variety of Russian and Western publications, this book offers an unparalleled, in-depth analysis of the reasons behind Russia’s policy towards the construction of a U.S ballistic missile defense in Europe. It provides a critical assessment of the decision-making mechanisms that shape Russia’s position on ballistic missile defense, as well as Russia’s strategic relations with the United States and Russia’s interaction with European and non-European powers. Lilly argues that contrary to Moscow’s official claims during the Putin era, Russian objections to the construction of ballistic missile defense in Europe have not been wholly dictated by security concerns. To Russia, missile defense is not purely an issue in and of itself, but rather a symbol and instrument of broader political considerations. At the international level, the factors that have shaped Russia’s response include Moscow’s perception of the overall state of U.S.-Russian relations, the Kremlin’s capacity to project influence and power abroad, and NATO’s behavior in the post-Soviet space. Domestically, the issue of missile defense has been a facilitating instrument for strengthening Putin’s regime and justifying military modernization. Taken together, these instrumental considerations and their fluctuating intensity in different periods prompt the Russian leadership to pursue contradictory policy approaches simultaneously. On the one hand, the Kremlin seeks U.S. cooperation, while on the other hand, it threatens retaliation and reinforces Russian offensive capabilities. The result is Moscow’s incoherence, inconsistency, and double-speak over the issue of missile defense.

The Russian and Iranian Missile Threats

The Russian and Iranian Missile Threats
Author: Azriel Bermant
Publisher:
Total Pages: 80
Release: 2014
Genre: Ballistic missile defenses
ISBN: 9789657425695

"As tensions rise over Ukraine, NATO is making preparations for the deployments of a ballistic missile defense (BMD) system in Romania in 2015 and in Poland in 2018. The United States and NATO claim that the missile defense shield is not directed at Russia, but is designed to deal with the dual threat of ballistic missiles and weapons of mass destruction emanating from the Middle East. Russia, on the other hand, has consistently maintained that the anti-missile shield is directed at its own strategic nuclear forces, as NATO's planned deployments in Eastern Europe reinforce the Kremlin's resentment over what it perceives as Western penetration into its 'near abroad.' The monograph provides an in-depth exploration of the ongoing controversy over the NATO BMD system in Europe and argues that the very high cost of maintaining the system is justified in terms of its ability to mitigate damage, provide greater flexibility for national leaders, strengthen the morale of vulnerable populations, and devalue the threats posed by revisionist states"--Publisher's web site.

Russia and NATO Ballistic Missile Defense

Russia and NATO Ballistic Missile Defense
Author: U. S. Military
Publisher:
Total Pages: 88
Release: 2018-06-12
Genre:
ISBN: 9781983146282

The objectives of the U.S. government's European Phased Adaptive Approach (EPAA)--the U.S. contribution to NATO missile defense--set out by President Barack Obama in September 2009 were modified over the course of his administration, which ended in January 2017. This study explores how U.S. interactions with Russia and the NATO Allies influenced the decisions on modifications made by the United States--for example, the cancellation in March 2013 of the EPAA's projected fourth phase. This study finds that U.S. interactions with the NATO Allies and Russia played a role in revisions in the original objectives of the EPAA but were not the only contributing factors. Budgetary constraints, technological issues, and reassessments of threats also led to modifications in the EPAA program. Providing for the defense of populations, national territories, and forces remains a high priority for the United States and its NATO Allies, and the Alliance has repeatedly sought dialogue and cooperation with Russia concerning missile defense. Events have vindicated the EPAA's design for adaptability to benefit from technological innovations and to meet the evolving needs for Alliance protection in the international security environment.I. INTRODUCTION * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION * B. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH QUESTION * C. LITERATURE REVIEW * 1. Obama Administration Policy and Revisions * 2. Ballistic Missile Defense Review * 3. 2010 NATO Lisbon Summit Declaration * 4. Russian Views * 5. Secondary Sources * D. POTENTIAL EXPLANATIONS AND HYPOTHESES * 1. Hypothesis 1: Budget * 2. Hypothesis 2: Technology * 3. Hypothesis 3: Russia's Response * 4. Hypothesis 4: Interactions with NATO Allies * E. RESEARCH DESIGN * F. THESIS OVERVIEW AND CHAPTER OUTLINE * II. HISTORY OF BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE * A. SZILARD LETTER (1939) AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE MANHATTAN PROJECT (1941) * B. BACKGROUND ON BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE (1940s-1960s) * 1. V-2 Rocket, Project Wizard, and Project Thumper * 2. NATO Strategic Concept (1949) * 3. Project Plato and PATRIOT * 4. Nike Zeus, Project Defender, and Nike-X ABM * 5. Reorientation of Missile Defense: Sentinel * C. STRATEGIC ARMS LIMITATION TALKS (SALT) AND ANTI-BALLISTIC (ABM) TREATY * D. PRIORITY SHIFT OF U.S. SECURITY POLICY * 1. Strategic Defense Initiative * 2. GPALS, PAC-3, and THAAD * 3. U.S. Withdrawal from the ABM Treaty and GMD Interceptors * E. BMDR REVIEW OF 2010 * F. LISBON (2010) AND CHICAGO (2012) SUMMIT * G. ORIGINS OF THE EUROPEAN PHASED ADAPTIVE APPROACH * 1. EPAA Phase 1 * 2. EPAA Phase 2 * 3. EPAA Phase 3 * 4. EPAA Phase 4 * H. CONCLUSION * III. NATO RESPONSE TO THE EUROPEAN PHASED ADAPTIVE APPROACH * A. BUDGET CRITIQUE OF THE EPAA * B. TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES * C. ALLIANCE RESPONSE TO EPAA * 1. Opinion Surveys in Poland and Czech Republic * 2. Polish View on Missile Defense * 3. Canadian View on Missile Defense * 4. Turkish View on Missile Defense * 5. NATO Allies Collective View * D. AMERICAN VIEWS ON MISSILE DEFENSE IN EUROPE * E. ANALYSIS * F. CONCLUSION * IV. RUSSIAN RESPONSES TO U.S. AND ALLIED MISSILE DEFENSE * A. BACKGROUND ON RUSSIAN MISSILE POLICY * B. HISTORY OF RUSSIA, NATO, AND U.S. INTERACTION * 1. Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty * 2. Lisbon Summit (November 2010) * 3. Chicago Summit (May 2012) * 4. NATO-Russia Missile Defense Cooperation Suspended (April 2014) * C. RUSSIAN ARGUMENT ON STRATEGIC DETERRENCE * D. RUSSIAN ARGUMENT ON U.S. GLOBAL AMBITION * E. NATO RESPONSE TO RUSSIA AND JOINT MISSILE DEFENCE * F. U.S. RESPONSE TO COOPERATIVE MISSILE DEFENCE * G. NATO-RUSSIAN JOINT MISSILE DEFENSE CONTRIBUTION * H. ANALYSIS * I. CONCLUSION * V. CONCLUSION * A. SUMMARY * 1. Chapter II * 2. Chapter III * 3. Chapter IV * B. ANALYSIS * 1. NATO Considerations * 2. Russian Considerations * C. RECOMMENDATIONS * D. FINAL REFLECTIONS

Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe

Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe
Author: Steven A. Hildreth
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Total Pages: 30
Release: 2007
Genre: Ballistic missile defenses
ISBN: 1437920381

This report discusses how successive U.S. governments have urged the creation of an anti-missile system to protect against long-range ballistic missile threats from adversary states. The proposed U.S. system has encountered resistance in some European countries and beyond.

European Missile Defense and Russia

European Missile Defense and Russia
Author: Keir Giles
Publisher: Department of the Army
Total Pages: 73
Release: 2015-05-08
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9781584876359

This monograph examines the history of missile defense and the current dialogue from a Russian perspective, in order to explain the root causes of Russian alarm. Specific recommendations for managing the Russia relationship in the context of missile defense are given. Important conclusions are also drawn for the purpose of managing the dialog over missile defense plans not only with Russia as an opponent, but also with European NATO allies as partners and hosts. The latter are especially significant in the light of these partners' heightened hard security concerns following Russian annexation of Crimea and continuing hostile moves against Ukraine. This analysis was completed before the start of Russia's annexation of Crimea in March 2014, but already warned of the prospect of direct military action by Russia in Europe in order to protect Moscow's self-perceived interests. This text is strongly recommended to policymakers contributing not only to missile defense planning, but also to any aspect of policy affecting the defense of Europe. Political scientists, historians, military leaders and personnel, as well as strategic policy analysts, and the intelligence community may be interested in this work. Students conducting research on the history of the U.S. missile defense program as it relates to Russia for term paper assignments may be interested in this volume. Related products: Russian Ballistic Missile Defense: Rhetoric and Reality is available here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01163-0 Russian Military Transformation: Goal in Sight? is available here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01110-9 Another Brick in the Wall: The Israeli Experience in Missile Defense can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01138-9 NATO Cyberspace Capability: A Strategic and Operational Evolution is available here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01110-9 Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977-1980, Volume XXVI, Arms Control and Nonproliferation is available here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/044-000-02673-2

Soviet Ballistic Missile Defense and the Western Alliance

Soviet Ballistic Missile Defense and the Western Alliance
Author: David Scott Yost
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 434
Release: 1988
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780674826106

Yost suggests that the challenges for Western policy posed by Soviet ballistic missile defense (BMD) programs stem partly from Soviet military programs, Soviet arms control policies, and Soviet public diplomacy campaigns, and partly from the West's own intra-alliance disagreements and lack of consensus about Western security requirements.

Defending Putin's Empire

Defending Putin's Empire
Author: Mihajlo S Mihajlović
Publisher: Pen and Sword
Total Pages: 329
Release: 2023-11-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 1399043099

Compiled from various sources, some still classified, and many of which have never previously been published, this book clearly portrays the development of the Russian air and ballistic missile defense systems. During the Cold War, the Soviet Union invested heavily in its air defense systems. As a result, Russia now possesses the most advanced air and ballistic missile defense systems in the world. Russian air defense systems are also highly proliferated and are currently in use by many countries. Since the end of the Cold War and the breakup of the USSR, it has become increasingly possible to study Russian air defense, but Russia is by no means an open book on defense-related subjects. Some information circulates in the media, but for the time being, air defense systems are still subject to a degree of speculation. Air and ballistic missile defense programs in the Soviet Union and Russia have a very long history. Soviet engineers started working on both programs in the 1950s, and by 1960 they had built the first successful systems able to intercept enemy aircraft and intermediate-range ballistic missiles. Current Russian air defense doctrine follows a layered multi-level approach providing in depth coverage from any aerial or ballistic missile attack. This layered system allows Russian air defense forces to create zones that can be very difficult to penetrate. The highest level of these defensive networks uses long-range systems providing air defense umbrellas potentially up to 500+ km. The second level includes medium-range systems like the S-350 and Buk variants (infamous for downing Malaysian Airline’s flight MH17 over the Ukraine in 2014). This medium-range level is intended to provide air defense zones which are also covered under the long-range systems but are more cost-effective in this envelope. The third level presents mobile short-range systems which are intended to provide extra protection for the long-range systems as well as stationary objects. These systems, along with highly mobile systems like the Buk are often also attached to ground forces formations such as armored and mechanized divisions and brigades. What are the abilities of these systems against NATO? President Putin emphasized the need to strengthen the country’s air defenses amid NATO’s military activities near Russia’s borders. One of the key new concept developments is counter-stealth detection and interception. The other is to counter future hypersonic missile threats. It is, as the author reveals, Russia that is leading the way in these races.

Ballistic Missile Defense

Ballistic Missile Defense
Author: Ashton B. Carter
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2010-12-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780815705765

Defense against nuclear attack—so natural and seemingly so compelling a goal—has provoked debate for at least twenty years. Ballistic missle defense systems, formerly called antiballistic missile systems, offer the prospect of remedying both superpowers' alarming vulnerability to nuclear weapons by technological rather than political means. But whether ballistic missile defenses can be made to work and whether it is wise to build them remain controversial. The U.S.-Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty of 1972 restricts testing and deployment of ballistic missile defenses but has not prohibited more than a decade of research and development on both sides. As exotic new proposals are put forward for space-based directed-energy systems, questions about the effectiveness and wisdom of missile defense have again become central to the national debate on defense policy. This study, jointly sponsored by the Brookings Institution and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, examines the strategic, technological, and political issues raised by ballistic missile defense. Eight contributors take an analytical approach to their areas of expertise, which include the relationship of missile defense to nuclear strategy, the nature and potential applications of current and future technologies, the views on missile defense in the Soviet Union and among the smaller nuclear powers, the meaning of the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty for today's technology, and the present role and historical legacy of ballistic missile defense in the context of East-West relations. The volume editors give a comprehensive introduction to this wide range of subjects and an assessment of future prospects. In the final chapter, nine knowledgeable observers offer their varied personal views on the ballistic missile defense question.

Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program

Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program
Author: Ronald O'Rourke
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Total Pages: 63
Release: 2011-05
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1437932770

The Aegis BMD program gives Navy Aegis cruisers and destroyers a capability for conducting BMD operations. Under current plans, the number of BMD-capable Navy Aegis ships is scheduled to grow from 20 at the end of FY 2010 to 38 at the end of FY 2015. Contents of this report: (1) Intro.; (2) Background: Planned Quantities of Ships, Ashore Sites, and Interceptor Missiles; Aegis BMD Flight Tests; Allied Participation and Interest in Aegis BMD Program; (3) Issues for Congress: Demands for BMD-Capable Aegis Ships; Demands for Aegis Ships in General; Numbers of SM-3 Interceptors; SM-2 Block IV Capability for 4.0.1 and Higher Versions; (4) Legislative Activity for FY 2011. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand publication.

Shield of Dreams

Shield of Dreams
Author: Stephen J. Cimbala
Publisher: US Naval Institute Press
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2008
Genre: History
ISBN:

This book examines the implications of deploying missile defences by the United States and Russia within the current and next decades. Noting that U.S. plans to locate parts of the global ballistic missile defence system in eastern Europe contributed to a deterioration in U.S.-Russian relations, Cimbala discusses how a post-Bush/post-Putin era could open the door either to improved detente or increased acrimony over such issues as missile defences and NATO enlargement, the fate of the CFE and INF treaties, and U.S. hegemony in world politics.