Roads And Ecological Infrastructure
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| Author | : Rodney van der Ree |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 562 |
| Release | : 2015-06-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1118568184 |
Winner of the IENE Project Award 2016. This authoritative volume brings together some of the world’s leading researchers, academics, practitioners and transportation agency personnel to present the current status of the ecological sustainability of the linear infrastructure – primarily road, rail and utility easements – that dissect and fragment landscapes globally. It outlines the potential impacts, demonstrates how this infrastructure is being improved, and how broad ecological principles are applied to mitigate the impact of road networks on wildlife. Research and monitoring is an important aspect of road ecology, encompassing all phases of a transportation project. This book covers research and monitoring to span the entire project continuum – starting with planning and design, through construction and into maintenance and management. It focuses on impacts and solutions for species groups and specific regions, with particular emphasis on the unique challenges facing Asia, South America and Africa. Other key features: Contributions from authors originating from over 25 countries, including from all continents Each chapter summarizes important lessons, and includes lists of further reading and thoroughly up to date references Highlights principles that address key points relevant to all phases in all road projects Explains best-practices based on a number of successful international case studies Chapters are "stand-alone", but they also build upon and complement each other; extensive cross-referencing directs the reader to relevant material elsewhere in the book Handbook of Road Ecology offers a comprehensive summary of approximately 30 years of global efforts to quantify the impacts of roads and traffic and implement effective mitigation. As such, it is essential reading for those involved in the planning, design, assessment and construction of new roads; the management and maintenance of existing roads; and the modifying or retrofitting of existing roads and problem locations. This handbook is an accessible resource for both developed and developing countries, including government transportation agencies, Government environmental/conservation agencies, NGOs, and road funding and donor organisations.
| Author | : Kimberly M. Andrews |
| Publisher | : JHU Press |
| Total Pages | : 298 |
| Release | : 2015-06 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1421416395 |
Published in association with The Wildlife Society.
| Author | : Kimberly M. Andrews |
| Publisher | : JHU Press |
| Total Pages | : 298 |
| Release | : 2015-06-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1421416409 |
A practical guide that explains how we can design roads that are compatible with populations of small wildlife. Few of us think twice about driving on roads. Yet the very presence of roads and the act of driving on them can impact the ecological infrastructure that supports an animal's daily life. What chance does a turtle have of successfully laying its eggs when it needs to traverse a busy highway? Is it realistic to expect small mammals to breed when an interstate thoroughfare subdivides their population? These are the sorts of challenges faced by small, often slow-moving, animals, challenges that road engineers and ecologists are trying to address. For countless small species, vehicles traveling at high speeds are nothing less than missiles shooting across migration pathways. For too many animals, the danger can lead to the loss of populations, in part because they simply are not programmed to react to traffic. Salamanders faced with a two-lane road between the forest and their aquatic breeding site, for example, will typically cross that road regardless of the congestion. The result can be hundreds of flattened animals in a single night. Roads and Ecological Infrastructure is the first book to focus on reducing conflict between roads and small animals. Highlighting habitat connections and the challenges and solutions from both transportation and ecological perspectives, the volume covers various themes, including animal behavior related to roads and design approaches to mitigate the negative effects of roads on wildlife. The chapter authors—from transportation experts to university researchers—each promote a goal of realistic problem solving. Conceptual and practical, this book will influence the next decade or more of road design in ecologically sensitive areas and should prevent countless unnecessary wildlife fatalities. Published in association with The Wildlife Society.
| Author | : Richard T.T. Forman |
| Publisher | : Island Press |
| Total Pages | : 496 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Architecture |
| ISBN | : 9781559639330 |
A central goal of transportation is the delivery of safe and efficient services with minimal environmental impact. In practice, though, human mobility has flourished while nature has suffered. Awareness of the environmental impacts of roads is increasing, yet information remains scarce for those interested in studying, understanding, or minimizing the ecological effects of roads and vehicles. Road Ecology addresses that shortcoming by elevating previously localized and fragmented knowledge into a broad and inclusive framework for understanding and developing solutions. The book brings together fourteen leading ecologists and transportation experts to articulate state-of-the-science road ecology principles, and presents specific examples that demonstrate the application of those principles. Diverse theories, concepts, and models in the new field of road ecology are integrated to establish a coherent framework for transportation policy, planning, and projects. Topics examined include: foundations of road ecology roads, vehicles, and transportation planning vegetation and roadsides wildlife populations and mitigation water, sediment, and chemical flows aquatic ecosystems wind, noise, and atmospheric effects road networks and landscape fragmentation Road Ecology links ecological theories and concepts with transportation planning, engineering, and travel behavior. With more than 100 illustrations and examples from around the world, it is an indispensable and pioneering work for anyone involved with transportation, including practitioners and planners in state and province transportation departments, federal agencies, and nongovernmental organizations. The book also opens up an important new research frontier for ecologists.
| Author | : Mark A. Benedict |
| Publisher | : Island Press |
| Total Pages | : 324 |
| Release | : 2012-09-26 |
| Genre | : Architecture |
| ISBN | : 1597267643 |
With illustrative and detailed examples drawn from throughout the country, Green Infrastructure advances smart land conservation: large scale thinking and integrated action to plan, protect and manage our natural and restored lands. From the individual parcel to the multi-state region, Green Infrastructure helps each of us look at the landscape in relation to the many uses it could serve, for nature and people, and determine which use makes the most sense. In this wide-ranging primer, leading experts in the field provide a detailed how-to for planners, designers, landscape architects, and citizen activists.
| Author | : Paul R. Krausman |
| Publisher | : JHU Press |
| Total Pages | : 468 |
| Release | : 2022-09-20 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 1421443961 |
"The book contains the essential information that wildlife biologists and managers use to manage wildlife populations today, and it gives students the information they need to pursue a profession in wildlife management and conservation"--
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 325 |
| Release | : 2006-01-22 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0309100887 |
All phases of road developmentâ€"from construction and use by vehicles to maintenanceâ€"affect physical and chemical soil conditions, water flow, and air and water quality, as well as plants and animals. Roads and traffic can alter wildlife habitat, cause vehicle-related mortality, impede animal migration, and disperse nonnative pest species of plants and animals. Integrating environmental considerations into all phases of transportation is an important, evolving process. The increasing awareness of environmental issues has made road development more complex and controversial. Over the past two decades, the Federal Highway Administration and state transportation agencies have increasingly recognized the importance of the effects of transportation on the natural environment. This report provides guidance on ways to reconcile the different goals of road development and environmental conservation. It identifies the ecological effects of roads that can be evaluated in the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of roads and offers several recommendations to help better understand and manage ecological impacts of paved roads.
| Author | : David C. Rouse |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : Bioswales |
| ISBN | : 9781611900620 |
Introduction -- Landscape planning, design, and green infrastructure -- Green infrastructure in practice -- Case studies: Green infrastructure at the regional scale (Cleveland and Northeast Ohio: Green infrastructure for a city in transition -- North Texas: returning to the trinity) -- Green infrastructure in large cities (Philadelphia: making the greenest city of America -- Seattle: a city’s journey toward sustainability) -- Green infrastructure in smaller communities (Lancaster, Pennsylvania: managing stormwater pollution and enhancing community through green infrastructure -- Lenexa, Kansas: rain to recreation -- Onondaga County, New York: save the rain) -- Parks, greenways, river corridors as green infrastructure (Birmingham, Alabama: a green infrastructure movement -- Los Angeles River: using green infrastructure to revitalize a city -- Louisville Metro, Kentucky: application of green infrastructure from region to site -- Menomonee Valley Park and Redevelopment, Milwaukee) -- Summarizing the case studies -- Appendix: a model regulatory framework for green infrastructure.
| Author | : John W. Dover |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 350 |
| Release | : 2015-07-16 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1136330747 |
With more than half of the world's population now living in urban areas, it is vitally important that towns and cities are healthy places to live. The principal aim of this book is to synthesize the disparate literature on the use of vegetation in the built environment and its multifunctional benefits to humans. The author reviews issues such as: contact with wildlife and its immediate and long-term effects on psychological and physical wellbeing; the role of vegetation in removing health-damaging pollutants from the air; green roofs and green walls, which provide insulation, reduce energy use and decrease the carbon footprint of buildings; and structural vegetation such as street trees, providing shading and air circulation whilst also helping to stop flash-floods through surface drainage. Examples are used throughout to illustrate the practical use of vegetation to improve the urban environment and deliver ecosystem services. Whilst the underlying theme is the value of biodiversity, the emphasis is less on existing high-value green spaces (such as nature reserves, parks and gardens), than on the sealed surfaces of urban areas (building surfaces, roads, car parks, plazas, etc.). The book shows how these, and the spaces they encapsulate, can be modified to meet current and future environmental challenges including climate change. The value of existing green space is also covered to provide a comprehensive textbook of international relevance.
| Author | : Robert W. Poole |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 376 |
| Release | : 2018-08-03 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 022655760X |
A transportation expert makes a provocative case for changing the nation’s approach to highways, offering “bold, innovative thinking on infrastructure” (Rick Geddes, Cornell University). Americans spend hours every day sitting in traffic. And the roads they idle on are often rough and potholed, with exits, tunnels, guardrails, and bridges in terrible disrepair. According to transportation expert Robert Poole, this congestion and deterioration are outcomes of the way America manages its highways. Our twentieth-century model overly politicizes highway investment decisions, short-changing maintenance and often investing in projects whose costs exceed their benefits. In Rethinking America’s Highways, Poole examines how our current model of state-owned highways came about and why it is failing to satisfy its customers. He argues for a new model that treats highways themselves as public utilities—like electricity, telephones, and water supply. If highways were provided commercially, Poole argues, people would pay for highways based on how much they used, and the companies would issue revenue bonds to invest in facilities people were willing to pay for. Arguing for highway investments to be motivated by economic rather than political factors, this book makes a carefully-reasoned and well-documented case for a new approach to highways.
