The Extragalactic Distance Scale

The Extragalactic Distance Scale
Author: Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 354
Release: 1997-06-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780521591645

One of the hottest debates in astronomy and cosmology today concerns the value of the Hubble constant. This constant is of paramount importance since it fixes the size and age of the Universe. At a symposium at the Space Telescope Science Institute, experts from around the world presented the latest results from a plethora of techniques for determining the Hubble constant. The value has always been controversial, but at this meeting experts' results agreed for the first time to within about 20%. Based on the meeting, this book presents twenty-three specially written review articles. They provide a comprehensive account of the Hubble-constant debate with the latest results from gravitational lensing, supernovae and novae, the Tully-Fisher relation, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, globular clusters, planetary nebulae, light echoes, and the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project. This timely volume provides a standard reference for graduate students and researchers in astronomy and cosmology.

On the Distances between Sun, Moon, and Earth

On the Distances between Sun, Moon, and Earth
Author: Janice Adrienne Henderson
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2023-11-27
Genre: History
ISBN: 9004622985

The Prutenic Tables of Erasmus Reinhold, published in 1551, were the first set of astronomical tables to use the Copernican model of the solar system. Reinhold left a detailed account of his derivation of the parameters used in these tables in his "Commentarius in opus Revolutionum Copernici". The present work is based on an analysis of this unpublished manuscript, which was rediscovered early in this century. In particular, this work analyses the geocentric distances of the sun and moon as found in Ptolemy's Almagest, in both the manuscript version and the Nuremberg edition of Copernicus' De Revolutionibus, in Reinhold's commentary on the Almagest, and in Reinhold's commentary on this section of De Revolutionibus. Chapter one contains a detailed analysis of the lunar distance, and chapter two concerns the apparent diameters of the sun, moon and shadow. The Ptolemaic method, which is the model for Copernicus and Reinhold, requires the determination of these quantities as a preliminary to the calculation of the solar distance, which is treated in chapter three. The fourth chapter is a brief analysis of the relative magnitudes of the sun, moon and earth, which Ptolemy, Copernicus and Reinhold discuss after they have reached values of the lunar and solar distances. The final chapter concerns an application of the distances - the solar and lunar parallaxes and diameters.

Neural Machines: A Defense of Non-Representationalism in Cognitive Neuroscience

Neural Machines: A Defense of Non-Representationalism in Cognitive Neuroscience
Author: Matej Kohár
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 199
Release: 2023-03-09
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 303126746X

In this book, Matej Kohar demonstrates how the new mechanistic account of explanation can be used to support a non-representationalist view of explanations in cognitive neuroscience, and therefore can bring new conceptual tools to the non-representationalist arsenal. Kohar focuses on the explanatory relevance of representational content in constitutive mechanistic explanations typical in cognitive neuroscience. The work significantly contributes to two areas of literature: 1) the debate between representationalism and non-representationalism, and 2) the literature on mechanistic explanation. Kohar begins with an introduction to the mechanistic theory of explanation, focusing on the analysis of mechanistic constitution as the basis of explanatory relevance in constitutive mechanistic explanation. He argues that any viable analysis of representational contents implies that content is not constitutively relevant to cognitive phenomena. The author also addresses objections against his argument and concludes with an examination of the consequences of his account for both traditional cognitive neuroscience and non-representationalist alternatives. This book is of interest to readers in philosophy of mind, cognitive science and neuroscience.

Intelligent Patient Management

Intelligent Patient Management
Author: Sally McClean
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2009-03-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642001793

Arguably medicine is either an arts-based science or a science-based art. In medieval times, clinical decisions were based on simple measures, such as the temperature of the body, the rhythm of the pulse, the consistency of the stool and the colour of the urine. Nowadays, thanks partly to modern technology, medical science has improved in many ways, as has healthcare. In particular, approaches which have their origins in Artificial Intelligence and Operational Research have a significant contribution to make in terms of improving not only diagnosis and treatment of patients, but also providing ways of managing patients in a more effective, more efficient, and more patient-friendly manner. This book focuses on the use of such Intelligent Patient Management to the benefit of clinicians, other healthcare and community practitioners and managers, patients and carers.

Principles of Sequencing and Scheduling

Principles of Sequencing and Scheduling
Author: Kenneth R. Baker
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 661
Release: 2018-10-19
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1119262593

An updated edition of the text that explores the core topics in scheduling theory The second edition of Principles of Sequencing and Scheduling has been revised and updated to provide comprehensive coverage of sequencing and scheduling topics as well as emerging developments in the field. The text offers balanced coverage of deterministic models and stochastic models and includes new developments in safe scheduling and project scheduling, including coverage of project analytics. These new topics help bridge the gap between classical scheduling and actual practice. The authors—noted experts in the field—present a coherent and detailed introduction to the basic models, problems, and methods of scheduling theory. This book offers an introduction and overview of sequencing and scheduling and covers such topics as single-machine and multi-machine models, deterministic and stochastic problem formulations, optimization and heuristic solution approaches, and generic and specialized software methods. This new edition adds coverage on topics of recent interest in shop scheduling and project scheduling. This important resource: Offers comprehensive coverage of deterministic models as well as recent approaches and developments for stochastic models Emphasizes the application of generic optimization software to basic sequencing problems and the use of spreadsheet-based optimization methods Includes updated coverage on safe scheduling, lognormal modeling, and job selection Provides basic coverage of robust scheduling as contrasted with safe scheduling Adds a new chapter on project analytics, which supports the PERT21 framework for project scheduling in a stochastic environment. Extends the coverage of PERT 21 to include hierarchical scheduling Provides end-of-chapter references and access to advanced Research Notes, to aid readers in the further exploration of advanced topics Written for upper-undergraduate and graduate level courses covering such topics as scheduling theory and applications, project scheduling, and operations scheduling, the second edition of Principles of Sequencing and Scheduling is a resource that covers scheduling techniques and contains the most current research and emerging topics.

Genetics

Genetics
Author: Benjamin A. Pierce
Publisher: Macmillan
Total Pages: 840
Release: 2008
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780716779285

Third edition of Genetics: A conceptual Appoach includes thorough streamlining of the entire text to focus on core concepts.

Perceiving in Depth, Volume 2

Perceiving in Depth, Volume 2
Author: Ian P. Howard
Publisher: OUP USA
Total Pages: 643
Release: 2012-02-24
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0199764158

Volume 2 addresses stereoscopic vision. It starts with the physiology of stereoscopic mechanisms. It then deals with binocular rivalry, binocular summation, and interocular transfer. A review of how images are brought into binocular register is followed by a review of stimulus tokens used to detect disparities. Cyclopean effects, such as cyclopean illusions, cyclopean motion, texture segregation, and binocular direction are reviewed. Factors that influence stereoacuity are discussed. Two chapters describe how stimuli in distinct depth planes produce contrast effects, and affect motion perception and whiteness perception. The Pulfrich stereomotion effect and perception of motion in depth are reviewed. The volume ends with a review of applications of stereoscopy.