Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Theology - Hinduism, grade: 2,1, University of Hildesheim, language: English, abstract: The following paper will deal with the concept of the cycle of birth, death and rebirth in the Hindu religion, as Hindus, in contrary to the Western cultures and monotheistic religions, believe that there is life after death, and before the present life, there was a beforelife because they believe that it does not make sense that people suddenly appear from nowhere, meaning not the biological body, but the “soul” or the “spirit”. First, a definition of the different concepts of afterlife in different metaphysical models and of the term reincarnation from its semantic point of view and, how it is defined in other religions, will be given. Furthermore, Hinduism, itself, will be introduced, as it is important to understand the essence of this religion to be able to understand the concept of reincarnation. Additionally, the concept of reincarnation will be described. That includes the processes of birth, death and rebirth. Finally, the arguments in favor and against the theory of reincarnation will be discussed. The question, about what happens after death, is a philosophical one, which has been worrying humanity for centuries. By trying to categorize the different concepts, regarding what happens after death, three concepts, varying among cultures and religions, can be differentiated. First, there is the concept of denial which states that the existence of the individual ends with their death, as it is widely believed in the Western world. The second one is the concept of completion - in many religions, as, for example, in Christianity, the human life is seen as a preparation for a life after, somewhere else, in a different state of existence, like Heaven, Hell, Purgatory, Limbus, etc. And the third concept is the concept of rebirth, meaning that the mental part of the person, may it be called the “soul” or the “spirit”, is reborn many times in new bodies on earth.