Regulation Worker Protection And Active Labour Market Policies In Latin America
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Author | : United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean |
Publisher | : UN |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : Job creation |
ISBN | : 9789211217179 |
The book presents the findings of a project on Latin American experiences that entailed assessing the pillars of labour institutions in Latin America. This publication reflects upon improvements of the labour market within several Latin American countries, including progress and challenges, labour flexibility and worker security, potential strengths and weaknesses, and culminates with theories of how certain aspects of the Danish flexicurity model can be applied to construct cohesive economies in the Latin American region.
Author | : Sebastian Edwards |
Publisher | : Brookings Institution Press |
Total Pages | : 366 |
Release | : 2001-06-29 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780815723240 |
Many of the rules that govern labor markets in Latin America (and elsewhere) raise labor costs, create barriers to entry, and introduce rigidities in the employment structure. These include the exceedingly restrictive regulations on hiring and firing practices, as well as burdensome social insurance schemes. Such labor market regulations contribute to an over-expansion of precarious forms of employment and to rural poverty, and hinder countries from responding rapidly to new challenges from increased foreign competition. At the same time, other norms can reduce costs and raise productivity; they should be kept in place and their enforcement improved. For example, some occupational health and safety standards lower medical costs and save lives. One may also want to keep legislation aimed at providing a minimum social insurance for unemployment, old age, sickness, and disabilities. In practice, the most common decision that governments confront is not whether to intervene but to choose among different forms of intervention. This volume provides analysts and policymakers with useful insights on this issue. Part I addresses labor market institutions in a broader context, such as collective bargaining arrangements, minimum wages and poverty, and optimal unemployment insurance schemes. Part II analyzes labor market performance in Latin America, the links between performance and labor market regulations, and the status of labor market reform in the region. These questions are addressed for the region as a whole and in great detail for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Colombia. The book provides a comprehensive description of the existing labor institutions in Latin America, the problems they pose, and the trends in labor market reforms as well as the difficulties encountered by the reform process in specific cases. In addition to the editors, the contributors are Edward Amadeo, Jose Marcio Camargo, Alejandra Cox Edwards, Rene Cortazar, Enriqu
Author | : International Labor Office |
Publisher | : International Labor Office |
Total Pages | : 175 |
Release | : 2016-02-23 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9789221303794 |
Latin America and the Caribbean have achieved significant economic, labor market, and social progress in recent decades. However, progress has begun to slow on a number of fronts that will challenge the ability of policy-makers to sustain these gains. In this context, active labor market policies (ALMPs) can play a central role by improving workers’ employability, contributing--directly or indirectly--to productive employment creation. A number of Latin American countries have embraced this policy shift and, as a result, there has been a marked increase in public expenditures on ALMPs in the past two decades. This new report, part of the Studies on Growth with Equity series, examines the effectiveness of ALMPs implemented in Latin America. After reviewing the main labor market and social trends in the region, the report presents a new comprehensive compendium of ALMPs implemented in selected Latin American countries during the last twenty years. It also discusses the results of a systematic review of existing evidence on ALMPs in the region and provides new findings on what works in this area, notably an assessment of policies carried out in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru.
Author | : James J. Heckman |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 585 |
Release | : 2007-11-01 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 0226322858 |
Law and Employment analyzes the effects of regulation and deregulation on Latin American labor markets and presents empirically grounded studies of the costs of regulation. Numerous labor regulations that were introduced or reformed in Latin America in the past thirty years have had important economic consequences. Nobel Prize-winning economist James J. Heckman and Carmen Pagés document the behavior of firms attempting to stay in business and be competitive while facing the high costs of complying with these labor laws. They challenge the prevailing view that labor market regulations affect only the distribution of labor incomes and have little or no impact on efficiency or the performance of labor markets. Using new micro-evidence, this volume shows that labor regulations reduce labor market turnover rates and flexibility, promote inequality, and discriminate against marginal workers. Along with in-depth studies of Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Jamaica, and Trinidad, Law and Employment provides comparative analysis of Latin American economies against a range of European countries and the United States. The book breaks new ground by quantifying not only the cost of regulation in Latin America, the Caribbean, and in the OECD, but also the broader impact of this regulation.
Author | : Mr.Antonio David |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 27 |
Release | : 2020-01-31 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513523759 |
Labor markets in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are characterized by high levels of informality and relatively rigid regulation. This paper shows that these two features are related and together make the speed of adjustment of employment to shocks slower, especially when regulations are tightly enforced. Evidence suggests that strict labor market regulations also have an adverse effect on medium-term growth. While both regulations on prices (minimum wages) and quantities (employment protection) decrease the speed of adjustment to shocks, they appear to be binding in different phases of the cycle—the former affects mostly the (net) job creation margin and the latter the (net) job destruction margin. The results also highlight possible interactions between labor market regulations and the effectiveness of macro-stabilization tools—including exchange rate depreciation.
Author | : Indermit Singh Gill |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 300 |
Release | : 2002-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0821351117 |
Despite success in other areas of economic reform over the past ten years, Argentina, Brazil, and Chile continue to face significant labour policy issues. This volume contains a number of papers which discuss these regional issues with a focus on the period 1995-98. Many of the papers have been co-authored by leading labour economists and are based on work sponsored by the World Bank. The book also includes an introductory chapter which summarises labour market reforms in Latin America since the late 1980's, as well as a concluding chapter which analyses the main results and policy implications for the region.
Author | : Alberto E. Isgut |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 402 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : Career education |
ISBN | : |
"The world of work is going through far-reaching transformations. These transformations have a strong impact on labour markets and pose new challenges for their institutions, including unemployment protection and technical and vocational education and training (TVET), which are crucial to the creation of full and productive employment and decent work for all. Constantly changing labour markets and the growing heterogeneity of labour relations present major challenges for the design of unemployment protection instruments. In addition, a highly skilled workforce is a key element for any development strategy that aims to base economic growth on innovation and knowledge. Moreover, national technical and vocational education and training systems must meet increasingly diverse demands from both the production sector and persons seeking decent work. By analysing recent experiences in Latin America and Asia in relation to unemployment protection and TVET systems, as well as the challenges the countries of the two regions face as they develop these labour market institutions, this volume seeks to contribute to the debate on the formation of labour market institutions that foster sustainable development in a changing world of work."--Publisher's description.
Author | : Helena Ribe |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 455 |
Release | : 2012-03-13 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0821386875 |
This book is available directly from the publisher: Edicioners Gondo Maese Nicolas 9, 45224 Sesena, Toledo http: //www.edicionesgondo.com/
Author | : ILO. |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 202 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : Labor policy |
ISBN | : 9789221303800 |
This report, part of the Studies on Growth with Equity series, examines the effectiveness of Active Labour Market Policies (ALMPs) implemented in Latin America, notably policies carried out in Argentina, Colombia and Peru.
Author | : Matthew E. Carnes |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 256 |
Release | : 2014-08-13 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0804792429 |
As the dust settles on nearly three decades of economic reform in Latin America, one of the most fundamental economic policy areas has changed far less than expected: labor regulation. To date, Latin America's labor laws remain both rigidly protective and remarkably diverse. Continuity Despite Change develops a new theoretical framework for understanding labor laws and their change through time, beginning by conceptualizing labor laws as comprehensive systems or "regimes." In this context, Matthew Carnes demonstrates that the reform measures introduced in the 1980s and 1990s have only marginally modified the labor laws from decades earlier. To explain this continuity, he argues that labor law development is constrained by long-term economic conditions and labor market institutions. He points specifically to two key factors—the distribution of worker skill levels and the organizational capacity of workers. Carnes presents cross-national statistical evidence from the eighteen major Latin American economies to show that the theory holds for the decades from the 1980s to the 2000s, a period in which many countries grappled with proposed changes to their labor laws. He then offers theoretically grounded narratives to explain the different labor law configurations and reform paths of Chile, Peru, and Argentina. His findings push for a rethinking of the impact of globalization on labor regulation, as economic and political institutions governing labor have proven to be more resilient than earlier studies have suggested.