Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells

Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells
Author: Juliusz Ashot Kozak
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 343
Release: 2017-07-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 149875273X

Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells focuses on methods of investigating the structure and function of non-voltage gated calcium channels. Each chapter presents important discoveries in calcium entry pathways, specifically dealing with the molecular identification of store-operated calcium channels which were reviewed by earlier volumes in the Methods in Signal Transduction series. Crystallographic and pharmacological approaches to the study of calcium channels of epithelial cells are also discussed. Calcium ion is a messenger in most cell types. Whereas voltage gated calcium channels have been studied extensively, the non-voltage gated calcium entry channel genes have only been identified relatively recently. The book will fill this important niche.

Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function

Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function
Author: Jonathan Soboloff
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2017-03-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 149870509X

T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.

The Endothelium

The Endothelium
Author: Michel Félétou
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Total Pages: 309
Release: 2011
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1615041230

The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References

Store-Operated Calcium Channels

Store-Operated Calcium Channels
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 307
Release: 2013-07-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0124079385

Store-operated calcium channels are found in most animal cells and regulate many cellular functions including cell division, growth, differentiation, and cell death. This volume provides a concise and informative overview of the principles of store-operated calcium entry and the key developments in the field from researchers who have led these advances. The overall goal of the volume is to provide interested students and investigators with sufficient information to enable a broad understanding of the progress and current excitement in the field. The volume contains a wealth of information that even experienced investigators in the field will find useful. - The volume provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and functions of store-operated calcium channels - Contributors are authoritative researchers who have produced important advances in the field - The volume is well-illustrated with cartoons and data to facilitate easy comprehension of the subject

Regulation of Intracellular Ca2-release Channels by Ca2+ and Ca2+-binding Proteins

Regulation of Intracellular Ca2-release Channels by Ca2+ and Ca2+-binding Proteins
Author: Nael Nadif Kasri
Publisher: Leuven University Press
Total Pages: 120
Release: 2004
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789058674197

This is a Ph.D. dissertation. Almost everything we do is controlled by Ca2+, how we move, how our hearts beat and how our brains process information and store memories. Ca2+ is indeed a ubiquitous second messenger involved in a diversity of cellular activities such as muscular contraction, neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, gene transcription, cell proliferation and apoptosis. The average cytosolic concentration of Ca2+ in resting cells ranges from 50nM to 100nM, reaching values close to 1uM when the cell is stimulated by a variety of physiological stimuli, while in the extracellular milieu this concentration is about 1mM. This large concentration gradient allows intracellular Ca2+ to work as a useful second messenger. Contents include: General Introduction, Objectives, Results, General Discussion, Summary.

TRP Ion Channel Function in Sensory Transduction and Cellular Signaling Cascades

TRP Ion Channel Function in Sensory Transduction and Cellular Signaling Cascades
Author: Wolfgang B. Liedtke, MD, PH.D.
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 502
Release: 2006-09-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1420005847

Since the first TRP ion channel was discovered in Drosophila melanogaster in 1989, the progress made in this area of signaling research has yielded findings that offer the potential to dramatically impact human health and wellness. Involved in gateway activity for all five of our senses, TRP channels have been shown to respond to a wide range of st

Calcium as a Cellular Regulator

Calcium as a Cellular Regulator
Author: Ernesto Carafoli
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 664
Release: 1999
Genre: Calcium
ISBN: 9780195094213

Encompassing all aspects of calcium signalling, from methods of measuring calcium in cells to the molecular mechanisms for decoding its information, this comprehensive book balances historical aspects and state of the art developments.

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence
Author: Michael L. Vasil
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
Total Pages: 1189
Release: 2012-12-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1555816762

A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.

Autophagy and Cancer

Autophagy and Cancer
Author: Hong-Gang Wang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 267
Release: 2013-03-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1461465613

With the explosion of information on autophagy in cancer, this is an opportune time to speed the efforts to translate our current knowledge about autophagy regulation into better understanding of its role in cancer. This book will cover the latest advances in this area from the basics, such as the molecular machinery for autophagy induction and regulation, up to the current areas of interest such as modulation of autophagy and drug discovery for cancer prevention and treatment. The text will include an explanation on how autophagy can function in both oncogenesis and tumor suppression and a description of its function in tumor development and tumor suppression through its roles in cell survival, cell death, cell growth as well as its influences on inflammation, immunity, DNA damage, oxidative stress, tumor microenvironment, etc. The remaining chapters will cover topics on autophagy and cancer therapy. These pages will serve as a description on how the pro-survival function of autophagy may help cancer cells resist chemotherapy and radiation treatment as well as how the pro-death functions of autophagy may enhance cell death in response to cancer therapy, and how to target autophagy for cancer prevention and therapy − what to target and how to target it. ​

Ion Channel Regulation

Ion Channel Regulation
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 339
Release: 1999-04-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080526454

Volume 33 reviews the current understanding of ion channel regulation by signal transduction pathways. Ion channels are no longer viewed simply as the voltage-gated resistors of biophysicists or the ligand-gated receptors of biochemists. They have been transformed during the past 20 years into signaling proteins that regulate every aspect of cell physiology. In addition to the voltage-gated channels, which provide the ionic currents to generate and spread neuronal activity, and the calcium ions to trigger synaptic transmission, hormonal secretion, and muscle contraction, new gene families of ion channel proteins regulate cell migration, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and gene transcription, as well as electrical excitability. Even the genome of the lowly roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans encodes almost 100 distinct genes for potassium-selective channels alone. Most of these new channel proteins are insensitive to membrane potential, yet in humans, mutations in these genes disrupt development and increase individual susceptibility to debilitating and lethal diseases.How do cells regulate the activity of these channels? How might we restore their normal function? In Ion Channel Regulation, many of the experts who pioneered these discoveries provide detailed summaries of our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control ion channel activity. - Reviews brain functioning at the fundamental, molecular level - Describes key systems that control signaling between and within cells - Explains how channels are used to stimulate growth and changes to activity of the nucleus and genome