: Sustainable agriculture aims for the environment friendly method of farming which produce the society's present food and textile needs without compromising the production ability of human and natural systems for current or future generation’s need. It works on integration of three main objectives namely a healthy environment, economic stability of farms and farmers and social equity for improvement of the livelihood of the society. Organic Farming which acts for sustainable agriculture is an eco-friendly technique of agricultural production system can be considered as a natural tool for the environmental protection and sustainable development. North Eastern India is the integration of natural wonders and combination of different tradition and culture. The agriculture in North Eastern India is organic in nature by wisdom. The farmers of this region are practicing Organic Farming with indigenous knowledge system from ages. It has the natural choice for promoting and intensification of Organic Farming and has tremendous opportunity to promotion of Organic Farming for profit maximization of the farmers and for environmental sustainability. It has huge potential for organic crop production and as a tremendous scope for converting the North Eastern India as an ‘Organic Hub’ by covering its maximum of the area. Despite of long-term sustainability and environmental benefits along with lots of prospects in Organic Farming some challenges hinder the development of Organic Farming in this area. Moreover, the productivity of agricultural commodities is very low in North Eastern India which delays the socio-economic development of this region. So, utilizing the positive effects of Organic Farming in a scientific way, the productivity of cop and other agricultural commodities can be increase which may be the boon for ‘Doubling Farmers Income’ of this disadvantaged region of India regarding crop productivity and soil sustainability. Some immediate vital actions are required and simultaneously some activities are also going on by various organizations like new technology explosion for enhance the productivity which will helps for overcoming the challenges faced by the people of North Eastern India for successful implementation of Organic Farming. This book attempts to explore and highlights the present status, prospects and challenges of Organic Farming in North Eastern India, selection of suitable organic approaches for soil health management, impact of organic agriculture on environmental sustainability along with some of the tested integrated nutrient management packages of major crops suitable for socio-economic development of the Region and also cite the remedies for mitigate the challenges which are very much essential for agricultural sustainability of North Eastern Region of India.