Examining turn-of-the-century American women's fiction, the author argues that this writing played a crucial role in the production of a national fantasy of a unified American identity in the face of the racial, regional, ethnic, and sexual divisions of the period. Contributing to New Americanist perspectives of nation formation, the book shows that these writers are central to American literary discourses for reconfiguring the relationship among constituent regions in order to reconfigure the nation itself. Analyzing fiction by Sarah Orne Jewett, Florence Converse, Pauline Hopkins, María Amparo Ruiz de Burton, Kate Chopin, and Sui Sin Far, the book foregrounds the ways each writer's own location on the grid of American identities shapes her attempt to forge an inclusive narrative of America. This disparate group of writers--Northerners, Southerners, Californios, African Americans, Chinese Americans, Anglo Americans, heterosexuals, and lesbians--reflects the widespread nature of concerns over national identity and the importance of regions to representations of that identity. The author argues that femininity as a politicized cultural construct is basic to each of these author's attempts to recast America, because each understands the link between true womanhood and the longstanding equation of New England with the nation. But such attempts to mobilize the naturalized feminine to stabilize a fractured and exclusionary American identity inevitably reveal the fissures that undermine the universality of both categories. The book thus participates in several larger and ongoing conversations within American studies and feminist literary and genre criticism: the reassessment of regional and minor fiction in relation to national identity, the critique of the politics of genre construction, the uses and limits of identity politics, and the connections among all these issues.