Recovery Of Motor Function Following Spinal Cord Injury
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| Author | : Heidi Fuller |
| Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
| Total Pages | : 332 |
| Release | : 2016-08-17 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9535124978 |
Restoration of motor function following spinal cord injury is a complex and challenging task. By reviewing emerging cellular, pharmacological, rehabilitative, as well as surgical approaches, this book seeks to highlight promising therapeutic strategies for the repair and regeneration of motor circuitry. The multidisciplinary nature of these approaches illustrates various routes to bridging the gap between the bench and the bedside and to identify the challenges that must be overcome in order to bring about a viable therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury patients.
| Author | : Susan J. Harkema |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 200 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0195342089 |
Physical rehabilitation for walking recovery after spinal cord injury is undergoing a paradigm shift. Therapy historically has focused on compensation for sensorimotor deficits after SCI using wheelchairs and bracing to achieve mobility. With locomotor training, the aim is to promote recovery via activation of the neuromuscular system below the level of the lesion. What basic scientists have shown us as the potential of the nervous system for plasticity, to learn, even after injury is being translated into a rehabilitation strategy by taking advantage of the intrinsic biology of the central nervous system. While spinal cord injury from basic and clinical perspectives was the gateway for developing locomotor training, its application has been extended to other populations with neurologic dysfunction resulting in loss of walking or walking disability.
| Author | : Enrico Rejc |
| Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
| Total Pages | : 166 |
| Release | : 2022-02-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 2889743918 |
| Author | : Alojz Kralj |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 208 |
| Release | : 2022-01-27 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1351446843 |
This reference text covers the fundamental knowledge and principles of functional electrical stimulation (FES) as applied to the spinal cord injured (SCI) patient. The principles of FES application and basic biomechanical issues related to FES in SCI are stressed. The fundamentals regarding patient selection criteria, indication, contraindications, and descriptions of procedures are clearly presented. Also included are the fundamentals and rationale of gait restoration with patient selection, control strategies, and the synthesis of gait sequences with trends in the field. Each chapter contains numerous references to the FES literature for the reader to easily evaluate and extend his knowledge in the area of interest. Biomedical and rehabilitation engineering professionals and researchers for medical doctors, physical therapists, and orthotists will find this publication invaluable.
| Author | : Volker Dietz |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 473 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0199673713 |
Part of the Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology series, this textbook will provide the reader with an understanding of the theoretical underpinnings of neurorehabilitation, as well as a clear idea about how (and why) to approach treatment decisions in individual patients.
| Author | : Denise I. Campagnolo |
| Publisher | : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
| Total Pages | : 1899 |
| Release | : 2011-12-07 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1451154275 |
This comprehensive and practical reference is the perfect resource for the medical specialist treating persons with spinal cord injuries. The book provides detail about all aspects of spinal cord injury and disease. The initial seven chapters present the history, anatomy, imaging, epidemiology, and general acute management of spinal cord injury. The next eleven chapters deal with medical aspects of spinal cord damage, such as pulmonary management and the neurogenic bladder. Chapters on rehabilitation are followed by nine chapters dealing with diseases that cause non-traumatic spinal cord injury. A comprehensive imaging chapter is included with 30 figures which provide the reader with an excellent resource to understand the complex issues of imaging the spine and spinal cord.
| Author | : Joost Verhaagen |
| Publisher | : Newnes |
| Total Pages | : 677 |
| Release | : 2012-12-31 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0444535071 |
Handbook of Clinical Neurology: Spinal Cord Injury summarizes advances in the clinical diagnosis, monitoring, prognostication, treatment, and management of spinal cord injuries. More specifically, it looks at new and important developments in areas such as high-resolution noninvasive neuroimaging, surgery, and electrical stimulation of motor, respiratory, bladder, bowel, and sexual functions. It also reviews the latest insights into spontaneous regeneration and recovery of function following rehabilitation, with emphasis on novel therapeutic strategies, such as gene therapy, transcranial stimulation, brain-machine interfaces, pharmacological approaches, molecular target discovery, and the use of olfactory ensheathing cells, stem cells, and precursor cells. Organized in five sections, the book begins with an overview of the development, maturation, biomechanics, and anatomy of the spinal cord before proceeding with a discussion of clinical diagnosis and prognosis as well as natural recovery, ambulation, and function following spinal cord injury. It then examines clinical neurophysiology in the prognosis and monitoring of traumatic spinal cord injury; medical, surgical and rehabilitative management of spinal cord trauma; and some new approaches for improving recovery in patients, including restoration of function by electrical stimulation, locomotor training, and the use of robotics. Other chapters cover cell transplantation, artificial scaffolds, experimental pharmacological interventions, and molecular and combinatorial strategies for repairing the injured spinal cord. This volume should be of interest to neuroscience and clinical neurology research specialists and practicing neurologists. Comprehensive coverage of the latest scientific understanding of spinal cord injuries Detailed coverage of current treatment best practices and potential future treatments Connects leading edge research programs to future treatment opportunities
| Author | : David J. Reinkensmeyer |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 771 |
| Release | : 2022-11-15 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3031089952 |
This revised, updated, and substantially expanded third edition provides an accessible, practical overview of major areas of research, technical development and clinical application in the field of neurorehabilitation movement therapy. The initial section provides the basic framework and a rationale for technology application in movement therapy by summarizing recent findings in neuroplasticity and motor learning. The following section provides a detailed overview of the movement physiology of various neurologic conditions, illustrating how this knowledge has been used to design various neurorehabilitation technologies. The third section then explains the principles of human-machine interaction for movement rehabilitation. The fourth section provides an overview of assessment technology and predictive modeling in neurorehabilitation. The fifth section provides a survey of technological approaches to neurorehabilitation, including spinal cord stimulation, functional electrical stimulation, virtual reality, wearable sensing, brain computer interfaces, mobile technologies, and telerehabilitation. The final two sections examine in greater detail the ongoing revolution in robotic therapy for upper extremity movement and walking, respectively. The promises and limitations of these technologies in neurorehabilitation are discussed, including an Epilogue which debates the impact and utility of robotics for neurorehabilitation. Throughout the book the chapters provide detailed practical information on state-of-the-art clinical applications of these devices following stroke, spinal cord injury, and other neurologic disorders and future developments in the field. The text is illustrated throughout with photographs and schematic diagrams which serve to clarify the information for the reader. Neurorehabilitation Technology, Third Edition is a valuable resource for neurologists, biomedical engineers, roboticists, rehabilitation specialists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and those training in these fields. Chapter “Spinal Cord Stimulation to Enable Leg Motor Control and Walking in People with Spinal Cord Injury is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
| Author | : Martha Freeman Somers |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 488 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : |
This unique reference is an in-depth examination of the central role of the physical therapist in rehabilitation following spinal cord injury. This book encompasses all of the elements involved in a successful rehabilitation program. It includes a basic understanding of spinal cord injuries and issues relevant to disability, as well as knowledge of the physical skills involved in functional activities and the therapeutic strategies for acquiring these skills. It also presents an approach to the cord-injured person that promotes self-respect and encourages autonomy.Comprehensive information equips readers with a broad foundation of knowledge including topics relevant to spinal cord injury, its pathological repercussions, and medical and rehabilitative management in preparation for program planning, patient and family education, and effective participation as a member of a rehabilitation team. Problem-solving exercises prepare readers for problem-solving in a clinical setting with gray-boxed problems in each chapter that pose clinical questions. Appendix A presents solutions to problems. Abundant illustrations clarify the information presented in the text.An excellent reference for physical therapists.
| Author | : Jamie Kay Wong |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 155 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781267058362 |
There is currently no effective treatment for the devastating loss of motor function that results from spinal cord injury (SCI). The experiments conducted for this dissertation aimed to identify therapeutic strategies that could enhance neuroplasticity and thereby enhance the degree of functional recovery beyond the extent of recovery achieved with spontaneous recovery. The first project validated the use of a straight alley version of the BBB locomotor scale to assess hindlimb locomotor function following SCI. The second project re-assessed whether chronic nicotine treatment is neuroprotective in Sprague-Dawley rats following a moderate contusion at thoracic level 9 (T9). Beginning 2 hours following the injury, 0.35mg/kg nicotine was administered daily for 14 days. Hindlimb locomotor recovery was assessed using the BBB locomotor scale at 2 days post injury, then weekly. Nicotine-treated rats did not exhibit significantly different BBB scores than saline controls and had significantly larger lesion volumes, indicating that chronic nicotine treatment does not reliably enhance recovery in different animal models of SCI. The third project aimed to determine whether a single dose of amphetamine paired with motor training enhances motor recovery following SCI, as it has been reported to do so following cortical injury. Rats received amphetamine with training on a beam walking task 24 hours following either a T9 or cervical level 5 (C5) lateral hemisection. Surprisingly, although pairing amphetamine with motor training enhances motor recovery following cortical injury, it increases lesion volume and significantly impairs motor recovery following SCI. The fourth project aimed to determine whether chronic inosine treatment enhances motor recovery following SCI, as it does following stroke and traumatic brain injury. One day following a right C5 lateral hemisection, rats had inosine delivered into the right lateral ventricle for 14 days. Inosine-treated rats showed significantly improved performance on the beam walking task and significantly enhanced gripping ability than controls. Histological analysis revealed that inosine-treated had significantly smaller lesion volumes than controls, which suggests that inosine might be neuroprotective following SCI. However, because 2 saline-treated rats had more extensive lesions, the possibility that the differences in recovery were due to the surgeries cannot be excluded.
