Real Exchange Rate And External Balance
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| Author | : Mr.JaeBin Ahn |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 49 |
| Release | : 2017-03-30 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1475590520 |
This paper contrasts real exchange rate (RER) measures based on different deflators (CPI, GDP deflator, and ULC) and discusses potential implications for the link—or lack thereof—between RER and external balance. We begin by documenting patterns in the evolution of different measures of RERs, and confirm that the choice of deflator plays a significant role in RER movements. A subsequent empirical investigation based on 35 developed and emerging market economies over 1995 to 2014 yields comprehensive and robust evidence that only the RER deflated by ULC exhibits contemporaneous patterns consistent with the expenditure-switching mechanism. We rationalize the empirical findings by introducing a simple model featuring nominal rigidity and trade in intermediate goods as the one in Obstfeld (2001) and Devereux and Engel (2007), which is shown to generate qualitatively identical patterns to empirical findings.
| Author | : Mr.Steven Phillips |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 68 |
| Release | : 2014-01-13 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1484346785 |
The External Balance Assessment (EBA) methodology has been developed by the IMF’s Research Department as a successor to the CGER methodology for assessing current accounts and exchange rates in a multilaterally consistent manner. Compared to other approaches, EBA emphasizes distinguishing between the positive empirical analysis and the normative assessment of current accounts and exchange rates, and highlights the roles of policies and policy distortions. This paper provides a comprehensive description and discussion of the 2013 version (“2.0”) of the EBA methodology, including areas for its further development.
| Author | : Tamim Bayoumi |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 58 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Foreign exchange rates |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Leslie Lipschitz |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 2019-01-23 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1108568467 |
Understanding macroeconomic developments and policies in the twenty-first century is daunting: policy-makers face the combined challenges of supporting economic activity and employment, keeping inflation low and risks of financial crises at bay, and navigating the ever-tighter linkages of globalization. Many professionals face demands to evaluate the implications of developments and policies for their business, financial, or public policy decisions. Macroeconomics for Professionals provides a concise, rigorous, yet intuitive framework for assessing a country's macroeconomic outlook and policies. Drawing on years of experience at the International Monetary Fund, Leslie Lipschitz and Susan Schadler have created an operating manual for professional applied economists and all those required to evaluate economic analysis.
| Author | : Steve Brito |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 21 |
| Release | : 2018-05-10 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1484356349 |
We show that the response of firm-level investment to real exchange rate movements varies depending on the production structure of the economy. Firms in advanced economies and in emerging Asia increase investment when the domestic currency weakens, in line with the traditional Mundell-Fleming model. However, in other emerging market and developing economies, as well as some advanced economies with a low degree of structural economic complexity, corporate investment increases when the domestic currency strengthens. This result is consistent with Diaz Alejandro (1963)—in economies where capital goods are mostly imported, a stronger real exchange rate reduces investment costs for domestic firms.
| Author | : Mr.Jerome L. Stein |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 46 |
| Release | : 1995-08-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451955146 |
The IMF Working Papers series is designed to make IMF staff research available to a wide audience. Almost 300 Working Papers are released each year, covering a wide range of theoretical and analytical topics, including balance of payments, monetary and fiscal issues, global liquidity, and national and international economic developments.
| Author | : Ronald MacDonald |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 334 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Foreign exchange |
| ISBN | : 1134838220 |
''In summary, the book is valuable as a textbook both at the advanced undergraduate level and at the graduate level. It is also very useful for the economist who wants to be brought up-to-date on theoretical and empirical research on exchange rate behaviour.'' ""Journal of International Economics""
| Author | : Sebastian Edwards |
| Publisher | : Johns Hopkins University Press |
| Total Pages | : 110 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
This article analyzes the theory of equilibrium real exchange rates and defines misalignment as a deviation of the real exchange rate (RER) from its equilibrium level. The role of macroeconomic policies is then analyzed under three alternative nominal exchange rate regimes: predetermined nominal exchange rates; floating nominal rates; and dual or black market nominal exchange rates. This discussion points out how inconsistent macroeconomic policies often lead to real exchange rate misalignment. Corrective measures, including nominal devaluation and several alternative approaches, are then evaluated.
| Author | : Charalambos G. Tsangarides |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 352 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451962037 |
Exchange rate analysis lies at the center of the IMF's surveillance mandate and policy advice, as well as in the design of IMF-supported programs, and IMF staff are called upon to analyze a variety of exchange rate issues in various member countries, both small and large, from the least economically developed to the most advanced, and from those whose currencies circulate only locally to those whose currencies are of global importance. This book provides a sample of the topics the IMF staff typically examine under the broad rubric of exchange rate analysis, encompassing several topics: determination and impact of the real exchange rate, assessing competitiveness and the equilibrium real exchange rate in specific countries or country groups, and considerations in the choice of exchange rate regime.--Publisher's description.
| Author | : Mr.Peter B. Clark |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 39 |
| Release | : 1998-05-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451961685 |
This paper compares two approaches for examining the extent to which a country’s actual real effective exchange rate is consistent with economic fundamentals: the FEER approach, which involves calculating the real exchange rate that equates the current account at full employment with sustainable net capital flows, and the BEER approach, which uses econometric methods to establish a behavioral link between the real rate and relevant economic variables. An exchange rate model is estimated for the G-3 currencies to provide illustrative comparisons of BEERs and FEERs.
