Reactions And Mechanisms In Thermal Analysis Of Advanced Materials
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| Author | : Atul Tiwari |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 660 |
| Release | : 2015-07-29 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1119117704 |
Strong bonds form stronger materials. For this reason, the investigation on thermal degradation of materials is a significantly important area in research and development activities. The analysis of thermal stability can be used to assess the behavior of materials in the aggressive environmental conditions, which in turn provides valuable information about the service life span of the materiel. Unlike other books published so far that have focused on either the fundamentals of thermal analysis or the degradation pattern of the materials, this book is specifically on the mechanism of degradation of materials. The mechanism of rapturing of chemical bonds as a result of exposure to high-temperature environment is difficult to study and resulting mechanistic pathway hard to establish. Limited information is available on this subject in the published literatures and difficult to excavate. Chapters in this book are contributed by the experts working on thermal degradation and analysis of the wide variety of advanced and traditional materials. Each chapter discusses the material, its possible application, behavior of chemical entities when exposed to high-temperature environment and mode and the mechanistic route of its decomposition. Such information is crucial while selecting the chemical ingredients during the synthesis or development of new materials technology.
| Author | : Sergey Vyazovkin |
| Publisher | : MDPI |
| Total Pages | : 230 |
| Release | : 2020-12-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3039365592 |
Changing the temperature of a substance can stimulate dramatic changes of its state. These changes can be intermolecular (physical) and intramolecular (chemical) in nature. Physical changes occur without breaking intramolecular bonds, and lead to transitions between the four major phases: gas, liquid, crystal, and glass. Chemical changes are associated with chemical reactions that originate from breaking intramolecular bonds. Phase transitions as well as chemical reactions occur at finite rates. Measuring the rates of processes is the realm of kinetics. The kinetics of thermally stimulated processes is routinely measured using thermal analysis techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Knowing the process rates and their dependence on temperature is of vital importance for understanding the behavior of materials exposed to variations in temperature. In recent years, thermal analysis kinetics has made significant progress by developing computational tools for reliable kinetic analysis. It has also expanded its traditional application area to newly developed nano- and biomaterials. This Special Issue is a series of papers that reflect recent developments in the field and highlight the essential role of thermal analysis kinetics in understanding the processes responsible for the thermal behavior of various materials.
| Author | : Robert Speyer |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 300 |
| Release | : 1993-09-16 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1482277425 |
Discussing the design and optimum use of thermal analysis instrumentation for materials' property measurement, this work details how the instruments work, what they measure, potential pitfalls and the fitting of experimental results to theoretical models. It presents a tutorial on writing computer programs for data manipulation, advanced thermoanal
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 862 |
| Release | : 2018-03-12 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0444640630 |
Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: Recent Advances, Techniques and Applications, Volume Six, Second Edition, presents the latest in a series that has been well received by the thermal analysis and calorimetry community. This volume covers recent advances in techniques and applications that complement the earlier volumes. There has been tremendous progress in the field in recent years, and this book puts together the most high-impact topics selected for their popularity by new editors Sergey Vyazovkin, Nobuyoshi Koga and Christoph Schick—all editors of Thermochimica Acta. Among the important new techniques covered are biomass conversion; sustainable polymers; polymer nanocompsoties; nonmetallic glasses; phase change materials; propellants and explosives; applications to pharmaceuticals; processes in ceramics, metals, and alloys; ionic liquids; fast-scanning calorimetry, and more. Features 19 all-new chapters to bring readers up to date on the current status of the field Provides a broad overview of recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications Includes chapters authored by a recognized leader in each field and compiled by a new team of editors, each with at least 20 years of experience in the field of thermal analysis and calorimetry Enables applications across a wide range of modern materials, including polymers, metals, alloys, ceramics, energetics and pharmaceutics Overviews the current status of the field and summarizes recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications
| Author | : Jaroslav Šesták |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 498 |
| Release | : 2012-10-28 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9048131502 |
Thermal Analysis of Micro-, Nano- and Non-Crystalline Materials: Transformation, Crystallization, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics complements and adds to volume 8 Glassy, Amorphous and Nano-Crystalline Materials by providing a coherent and authoritative overview of cutting-edge themes in this field. In particular, the book focuses on reaction thermodynamics and kinetics applied to solid-state chemistry and thermal physics of various states of materials. Written by an international array of distinguished academics, the book deals with fundamental and historical aspects of phenomenological kinetics, equilibrium background of processes, crystal defects, non-stoichiometry and nano-crystallinity, reduced glass-transition temperatures and glass-forming coefficients, determination of the glass transition by DSC, the role of heat transfer and phase transition in DTA experiments, explanation of DTA/DSC methods used for the estimation of crystal nucleation, structural relaxation and viscosity behaviour in glass and associated relaxation kinetics, influence of preliminary nucleation and coupled phenomenological kinetics, nucleation on both the strongly curved surfaces and nano-particles, crystallization of glassy and amorphous materials including oxides, chalcogenides and metals, non-parametric and fractal description of kinetics, disorder and dimensionality in nano-crystalline diamond, thermal analysis of waste glass batches, amorphous inorganic polysialates and bioactivity of hydroxyl groups as well as reaction kinetics and unconventional glass formability of oxide superconductors. Thermal Analysis of Micro-, Nano- and Non-Crystalline Materials: Transformation, Crystallization, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics is a valuable resource to advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, and researches working in the application fields of material thermodynamics, thermal analysis, thermophysical measurements, and calorimetry.
| Author | : Robert F. Jr. Schwenker |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 842 |
| Release | : 2012-12-02 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0323142265 |
Thermal Analysis, Volume 2: Inorganic Materials and Physical Chemistry covers the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Thermal Analysis, held in Holy Cross College, Worcester, Massachusetts on August 18-23, 1968. This symposium surveys the various methods and applications of thermal analysis, as well as the distribution of various aspects of thermal analysis in different countries. This book is organized into four sections encompassing 51 chapters, and begins with discussion on the application of differential thermal analysis to metallurgical inorganic materials and reactions for industrial process optimization. These topics are followed by a consideration of other techniques, such as X-ray methods and thermography. The Physical Chemistry part highlights the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics of various chemical reactions, including oxidation and polymerization, using thermogravimetry and calorimetry techniques. The following part focuses on mineral analysis using combined techniques of thermoanalytic-mass spectrometry and differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry. The last part deals with the application of thermal analysis in applied sciences.
| Author | : Boris V. L'vov |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 254 |
| Release | : 2007-08-24 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1402056729 |
This book covers the results of investigations into the mechanisms and kinetics of thermal decompositions of solid and liquid substances on the basis of thermochemical analyses. The main features of these reactions are explained and many problems and unusual phenomena, which have accumulated in this field are interpreted. New methods of TA measurement and calculation have been developed, which permit the precision and accuracy of determination of kinetic parameters to be increased substantially.
| Author | : Paul Gabbott |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 480 |
| Release | : 2008-04-30 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0470698128 |
Thermal Analysis techniques are used in a wide range of disciplines, from pharmacy and foods to polymer science, materials and glasses; in fact any field where changes in sample behaviour are observed under controlled heating or controlled cooling conditions. The wide range of measurements possible provide fundamental information on the material properties of the system under test, so thermal analysis has found increasing use both in basic characterisation of materials and in a wide range of applications in research, development and quality control in industry and academia. Principles and Applications of Thermal Analysis is written by manufacturers and experienced users of thermal techniques. It provides the reader with sound practical instruction on how to use the techniques and gives an up to date account of the principle industrial applications. By covering basic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) including the new approach of Fast Scanning DSC, together with dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA /TMA) methods, then developing the discussion to encompass industrial applications, the book serves as an ideal introduction to the technology for new users. With a strong focus on practical issues and relating the measurements to the physical behaviour of the materials under test, the book will also serve as an important reference for experienced analysts.
| Author | : Orest Fedorovich Shlenskiĭ |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Publishing Company |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
In some new technological processes the heating and resulting transformation of substances takes place in fractions of a second. Such processes include, high-frequency heating of materials, plasma processing of materials, laser technology, etc. Traditional methods and standard equipment used in thermal analysis are for slow heating rates of the sample, viz., at about 2-20 K/min. Therefore, rapid chemical reactions with a characteristic time of about one second may escape the attention of the researcher. The purpose of this book is to explain problems regarding the micro- and macrokinetics of the thermolysis of substances and complex materials subjected to intensive heating. It is possible to carry out experiments at heating rates of more than 10 4 K/s with the new special quick response pulse heaters described. During such experiments several hitherto unknown rapid reactions and thermolysis processes of an explosive nature have been established. These reactions take place in a few seconds to a hundredth of a second. The book gives physical and mathematical models of thermolysis for all these processes.It will be of interest to scientists dealing with thermodynamics and rate processes, polymer materials, composite materials, chemical kinetics and transfer processes.
| Author | : Reuven Chen |
| Publisher | : Pergamon |
| Total Pages | : 388 |
| Release | : 1981 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
Thermally stimulated processes include a number of phenomena - either physical or chemical in nature - in which a certain property of a substance is measured during controlled heating from a 'low' temperature. Workers and graduate students in a wide spectrum of fields require an introduction to methods of extracting information from such measurements. This book gives an interdisciplinary approach to various methods which may be applied to analytical chemistry including radiation dosimetry and determination of archaeological and geological ages. In addition, recent advances are included, such as ionic thermocurrent of general order kinetics, polarization thermocurrents and some aspects of the superlinear dependence on the dose of thermoluminescence
