Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author: Nicole Seiberlich
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 1094
Release: 2020-11-18
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0128170581

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a ‘go-to’ reference for methods and applications of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging, with specific sections on Relaxometry, Perfusion, and Diffusion. Each section will start with an explanation of the basic techniques for mapping the tissue property in question, including a description of the challenges that arise when using these basic approaches. For properties which can be measured in multiple ways, each of these basic methods will be described in separate chapters. Following the basics, a chapter in each section presents more advanced and recently proposed techniques for quantitative tissue property mapping, with a concluding chapter on clinical applications. The reader will learn: The basic physics behind tissue property mapping How to implement basic pulse sequences for the quantitative measurement of tissue properties The strengths and limitations to the basic and more rapid methods for mapping the magnetic relaxation properties T1, T2, and T2* The pros and cons for different approaches to mapping perfusion The methods of Diffusion-weighted imaging and how this approach can be used to generate diffusion tensor maps and more complex representations of diffusion How flow, magneto-electric tissue property, fat fraction, exchange, elastography, and temperature mapping are performed How fast imaging approaches including parallel imaging, compressed sensing, and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting can be used to accelerate or improve tissue property mapping schemes How tissue property mapping is used clinically in different organs Structured to cater for MRI researchers and graduate students with a wide variety of backgrounds Explains basic methods for quantitatively measuring tissue properties with MRI - including T1, T2, perfusion, diffusion, fat and iron fraction, elastography, flow, susceptibility - enabling the implementation of pulse sequences to perform measurements Shows the limitations of the techniques and explains the challenges to the clinical adoption of these traditional methods, presenting the latest research in rapid quantitative imaging which has the possibility to tackle these challenges Each section contains a chapter explaining the basics of novel ideas for quantitative mapping, such as compressed sensing and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting-based approaches

Components of Variance

Components of Variance
Author: D.R. Cox
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 181
Release: 2002-07-30
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1482285940

The components of variance is a notion essential to statisticians and quantitative research scientists working in a variety of fields, including the biological, genetic, health, industrial, and psychological sciences. Co-authored by Sir David Cox, the pre-eminent statistician in the field, this book provides in-depth discussions that set forth the essential principles of the subject. It focuses on developing the models that form the basis for detailed analyses as well as on the statistical techniques themselves. The authors include a variety of examples from areas such as clinical trial design, plant and animal breeding, industrial design, and psychometrics.

Brain Aging

Brain Aging
Author: David R. Riddle
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 408
Release: 2007-04-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781420005523

Recognition that aging is not the accumulation of disease, but rather comprises fundamental biological processes that are amenable to experimental study, is the basis for the recent growth of experimental biogerontology. As increasingly sophisticated studies provide greater understanding of what occurs in the aging brain and how these changes occur

Quantifying Magnetic Susceptibility to Explore the Pathomechanisms of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Quantifying Magnetic Susceptibility to Explore the Pathomechanisms of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Author: Kyle D. Murray
Publisher:
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN:

"Quantifying the presence of magnetic susceptibility sources throughout the brain makes it possible to better understand the pathomechanisms of disease processes. Magnetic susceptibility sources introduce inhomogeneities into an external magnetic field that influence the biological signals that can be detected with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common neurodegenerative disease impacting over 95% of adults over the age of 65 that is diagnosed using MRI. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I (HIV) is a disease that is accompanied by diffuse chronic inflammation in the central nervous system and accelerated signs of CSVD, even with effective viral suppression by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). By enrolling a cohort of HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals and healthy age-matched controls with similar cardiovascular risk, we use advanced multi-modality MRI to explore the underlying mechanisms of HIV-associated CSVD (Chap. 3). We use quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and Monte Carlo simulations of pathological brain iron deposition to derive a novel MRI biomarker that is more sensitive to changes in brain tissue susceptibility than other standard analyses (Chap. 5). We also show that QSM has relationships with cardiovascular health, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), and platelet-monocyte complexes (PMCs), which may reflect microglial dysfunction in HIV infection (Chaps. 4 and 6). We also correct for susceptibility-induced distortions in diffusion MRI, functional MRI, and arterial spin labeling (ASL) to examine brain connectivity network disruptions (Chap. 7), declines in cognition (Chap. 8), and changes to white matter microstructure (Chap. 9) and vascular health (Chap. 10) in the presence of HIV and CSVD. The role of magnetic susceptibility in the aging brain is crucial for the understanding of brain mechanisms and may play an important role in the eventual clinical translation to more effectively prevent and treat cerebrovascular disease"--Pages iv-v.

Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis

Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis
Author: M. Filippi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 233
Release: 2008-02-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 8847003911

Written by world-renowned scientists, the volume provides a state-of-the-art on the most recent MRI techniques related to MS, and it is an indispensable tool for all those working in this field. The context in which this book exists is that there is an increasing perception that modern MR methodologies should be more extensively employed in clinical trials to derive innovative information.

Diffusion MRI

Diffusion MRI
Author: Derek K Jones
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 784
Release: 2010-11-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0199708703

Professor Derek Jones, a world authority on diffusion MRI, has assembled most of the world's leading scientists and clinicians developing and applying diffusion MRI to produce an authorship list that reads like a "Who's Who" of the field and an essential resource for those working with diffusion MRI. Destined to be a modern classic, this definitive and richly illustrated work covers all aspects of diffusion MRI from basic theory to clinical application. Oxford Clinical Neuroscience is a comprehensive, cross-searchable collection of resources offering quick and easy access to eleven of Oxford University Press's prestigious neuroscience texts. Joining Oxford Medicine Online these resources offer students, specialists and clinical researchers the best quality content in an easy-to-access format.

The Aging Brain

The Aging Brain
Author: S. Hoyer
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 316
Release: 1982-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

Infirmity, that decays the wise, doth ever make the better fool William.Shakespeare, Twelfth Night 1,5 Since antiquity, it has been a dream of mankind to live in eternal youth and thus to attain longevity. Gods and heroes of the myths of many European cultures were always repre sented as young. Their youth was one of their most remark able attributes, and eternal youth given to a human being from a god was the greatest act of grace. This age old dream of mankind is demonstrated very graphically in one of the most impressive paintings of the Middle Ages, the famous "Jungbrunnen" (Fountain of Youth) by Lucas Cranach. During recent decades, progress in medical and social areas has increased life expectancy at least in the highly developed countries. Although this longevity does not mean eternal youth, it obviously fulfills the ancient desire of mankind. However, to live longer and longer and thus to become older and older also means to live in infirmity over a longer period of life. If progress in medical science continues at the present rate, longevity will as seems inevitable, increase further. At least at this stage, problems of aging might become as important as problems of development.