NMR Spectroscopy in Pharmaceutical Analysis

NMR Spectroscopy in Pharmaceutical Analysis
Author: Iwona Wawer
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 525
Release: 2017-07-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 008095152X

For almost a decade, quantitative NMR spectroscopy (qNMR) has been established as valuable tool in drug analysis. In all disciplines, i. e. drug identification, impurity profiling and assay, qNMR can be utilized. Separation techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, super fluid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis techniques, govern the purity evaluation of drugs. However, these techniques are not always able to solve the analytical problems often resulting in insufficient methods. Nevertheless such methods find their way into international pharmacopoeias. Thus, the aim of the book is to describe the possibilities of qNMR in pharmaceutical analysis. Beside the introduction to the physical fundamentals and techniques the principles of the application in drug analysis are described: quality evaluation of drugs, polymer characterization, natural products and corresponding reference compounds, metabolism, and solid phase NMR spectroscopy for the characterization drug substances, e.g. the water content, polymorphism, and drug formulations, e.g. tablets, powders. This part is accompanied by more special chapters dealing with representative examples. They give more detailed information by means of concrete examples. Combines theory, techniques, and concrete applications—all of which closely resemble the laboratory experience Considers international pharmacopoeias, addressing the concern for licensing Features the work of academics and researchers, appealing to a broad readership

Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs

Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 377
Release: 2013-06-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309269393

The adulteration and fraudulent manufacture of medicines is an old problem, vastly aggravated by modern manufacturing and trade. In the last decade, impotent antimicrobial drugs have compromised the treatment of many deadly diseases in poor countries. More recently, negligent production at a Massachusetts compounding pharmacy sickened hundreds of Americans. While the national drugs regulatory authority (hereafter, the regulatory authority) is responsible for the safety of a country's drug supply, no single country can entirely guarantee this today. The once common use of the term counterfeit to describe any drug that is not what it claims to be is at the heart of the argument. In a narrow, legal sense a counterfeit drug is one that infringes on a registered trademark. The lay meaning is much broader, including any drug made with intentional deceit. Some generic drug companies and civil society groups object to calling bad medicines counterfeit, seeing it as the deliberate conflation of public health and intellectual property concerns. Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs accepts the narrow meaning of counterfeit, and, because the nuances of trademark infringement must be dealt with by courts, case by case, the report does not discuss the problem of counterfeit medicines.

Analytical Techniques in the Pharmaceutical Sciences

Analytical Techniques in the Pharmaceutical Sciences
Author: Anette Müllertz
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 829
Release: 2016-08-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1493940295

The aim of this book is to present a range of analytical methods that can be used in formulation design and development and focus on how these systems can be applied to understand formulation components and the dosage form these build. To effectively design and exploit drug delivery systems, the underlying characteristic of a dosage form must be understood--from the characteristics of the individual formulation components, to how they act and interact within the formulation, and finally, to how this formulation responds in different biological environments. To achieve this, there is a wide range of analytical techniques that can be adopted to understand and elucidate the mechanics of drug delivery and drug formulation. Such methods include e.g. spectroscopic analysis, diffractometric analysis, thermal investigations, surface analytical techniques, particle size analysis, rheological techniques, methods to characterize drug stability and release, and biological analysis in appropriate cell and animal models. Whilst each of these methods can encompass a full research area in their own right, formulation scientists must be able to effectively apply these methods to the delivery system they are considering. The information in this book is designed to support researchers in their ability to fully characterize and analyze a range of delivery systems, using an appropriate selection of analytical techniques. Due to its consideration of regulatory approval, this book will also be suitable for industrial researchers both at early stage up to pre-clinical research.

Identification and Determination of Impurities in Drugs

Identification and Determination of Impurities in Drugs
Author: S. Görög
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 773
Release: 2000-05-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080534406

Impurity profiling is the common name of a group of analytical activities, the aim of which is the detection, identification/structure elucidation and quantitative determination of organic and inorganic impurities, as well as residual solvents in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical formulations. Since this is the best way to characterise the quality and stability of bulk drugs and pharmaceutical formulations, this is the core activity in modern drug analysis.Due to the very rapid development of the analytical methodologies available for this purpose and the similarly rapid increase of the demands as regards the purity of drugs it is an important task to give a summary of the problems and the various possibilities offered by modern analytical chemistry for their solution. That is the aim of this book.The book is methodology-oriented. In the first chapter some important aspects of the background of impurity-related analytical studies (toxicological, pharmacopoeial aspects, the characterisation of the sources of impurities and the role of impurity profiling in various fields of drug research, production and therapeutic use) are summarised. Chapter two deals with related organic impurities, the strategies for impurity profiling, the use of chromatographic and related separation methods, spectroscopic, and hyphenated techniques. The subject of the third chapter is the identification and determination of residual solvents. The determination of inorganic impurities is discussed in chapter four. The special problems of degradation products as impurities are dealt with in chapter five. A separate chapter has been compiled to deal with one of the most up-to-date problems in contemporary pharmaceutical analysis, the estimation of enantiomeric purity of chiral drugs. Chapter seven is devoted to various approaches to solve the problem of polymorphic modifications as impurities. Since in the broader sense of the word the microbiological purity of drugs and drug products also belongs to this circle, the most important information from this field is summarised in chapter eight. After the mainly methodology-oriented chapters, the final one concentrates on four groups of drugs (peptides, biotechnological products, antibiotics and steroids) in order to demonstrate the use of the methods described earlier.

Thin Layer Chromatography in Drug Analysis

Thin Layer Chromatography in Drug Analysis
Author: Lukasz Komsta
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 1070
Release: 2013-12-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1466507152

Used routinely in drug control laboratories, forensic laboratories, and as a research tool, thin layer chromatography (TLC) plays an important role in pharmaceutical drug analyses. It requires less complicated or expensive equipment than other techniques, and has the ability to be performed under field conditions. Filling the need for an up-to-date, complete reference, Thin Layer Chromatography in Drug Analysis covers the most important methods in pharmaceutical applications of TLC, namely, analysis of bulk drug material and pharmaceutical formulations, degradation studies, analysis of biological samples, optimization of the separation of drug classes, and lipophilicity estimation. The book is divided into two parts. Part I is devoted to general topics related to TLC in the context of drug analysis, including the chemical basis of TLC, sample pleparation, the optimization of layers and mobile phases, detection and quantification, analysis of ionic compounds, and separation and analysis of chiral substances. The text addresses the newest advances in TLC instrumentation, two-dimensional TLC, quantification by slit scanning densitometry and image analysis, statistical processing of data, and various detection and identification methods. It also describes the use of TLC for solving a key issue in the drug market—the presence of substandard and counterfeit pharmaceutical products. Part II provides an in-depth overview of a wide range of TLC applications for separation and analysis of particular drug groups. Each chapter contains an introduction about the structures and medicinal actions of the described substances and a literature review of their TLC analysis. A useful resource for chromatographers, pharmacists, analytical chemists, students, and R&D, clinical, and forensic laboratories, this book can be utilized as a manual, reference, and teaching source.

Method Validation in Pharmaceutical Analysis

Method Validation in Pharmaceutical Analysis
Author: Joachim Ermer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 418
Release: 2006-03-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3527604472

Adopting a practical approach, the authors provide a detailed interpretation of the existing regulations (GMP, ICH), while also discussing the appropriate calculations, parameters and tests. The book thus allows readers to validate the analysis of pharmaceutical compounds while complying with both the regulations as well as the industry demands for robustness and cost effectiveness. Following an introduction to the basic parameters and tests in pharmaceutical validation, including specificity, linearity, range, precision, accuracy, detection and quantitation limits, the text focuses on a life-cycle approach to validation and the integration of validation into the whole analytical quality assurance system. The whole is rounded off with a look at future trends. With its first-hand knowledge of the industry as well as regulating bodies, this is an invaluable reference for analytical chemists, the pharmaceutical industry, pharmaceutists, QA officers, and public authorities.

Applications of NMR Spectroscopy

Applications of NMR Spectroscopy
Author: Atta-ur-Rahman
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Total Pages: 289
Release: 2016-11-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 168108287X

Applications of NMR Spectroscopy is a book series devoted to publishing the latest advances in the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in various fields of organic chemistry, biochemistry, health and agriculture. The fifth volume of the series features several reviews focusing on NMR spectroscopic techniques for identifying natural and synthetic compounds (polymer and peptide characterization, GABA in tinnitus affected mice), medical diagnosis and therapy (gliomas) and food analysis. The spectroscopic methods highlighted in this volume include high resolution proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and solid state NMR.

Analysis of Pharmaceuticals by Capillary Electrophoresis

Analysis of Pharmaceuticals by Capillary Electrophoresis
Author: Kevin D. Altria
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3322850110

Dieser erste Titel einer ganzen Serie von anwendungsbezogenen Handbüchern zur Kapillarelektrophorese beschäftigt sich mit der Analytik von pharmazeutischen Substanzen. Dabei werden verschiedene Techniken praxisnah erläutert. Jeder, der im Labor - ob wissenschaftlich oder praxisnah - mit der Analyse von oft chiralen Pharmazeutika konfrontiert ist, wird viele Hinweise und Tips für seine Arbeit finden.USP: Einzige Monographie zur Analyse von Pharmazeutika mit CE This book describes the current state of the art for the analysis of pharmaceuticals by capillary electrophoresis and contains several hundred references to specific applications and methods. The main purpose of the book is to present the application possibilities of CE an therefore tabulated application data are provided. Chapters of the book are devoted to providing details of individual application areas such as chiral analysis, determination of drug related impurities, determination of drug counter-ions, drug residue monitoring and main component assay. An introductory chapter provides theoretical background to CE an related techniques. A chapter is dedicated to capillary electrochromatography which highlights the importance this technique currently possesses. Successful regulatory acceptance of CE methods is also described. A comprehensive chapter covers method validation aspects. Other chapters include discrete areas such as the use of non-aqueous solvents, forensic applications of CE, the application of experimental designs, determination of drugs in biofluids, and the analysis of vitamins by CE.