The Development of Political Science

The Development of Political Science
Author: David Easton
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 358
Release: 2002-03-11
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1134935234

In recent years the history of political science has become recognised as an important but neglected area of study. The Development of Political Science is the first comprehensive discussion of the subject in a comparative international perspective. Offering a wide-ranging account of the development of the subject and its dissemination across national borders and cultural divides, the book begins with a study of the historiography of the discipline in the United States, a country which has been at the forefront of the field. Widening its discussion to emphasise Western Europe as a focus for comparison, the contributors provide studies of further areas of interest such as China and Africa. This particular approach emphasises the book's vision of political science as a growing transnational body of knowledge. In presenting critical analysis of the state of the field, this vigorous study aims to further the development of the discipline in the countries discussed, and to provide a work that is interesting not only to political scientists, but to all those concerned with the development of the social sciences.

Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies

Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies
Author: Mojtaba Mojtahedi
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 493
Release: 2021-02-09
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 3030536548

This volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy. Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community.

The Dappled World

The Dappled World
Author: Nancy Cartwright
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 264
Release: 1999-09-23
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780521644112

This important and innovative collection of essays argues for a patchwork of laws of nature.

Philosophical issues in psychiatry III

Philosophical issues in psychiatry III
Author: Kenneth S. Kendler
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 401
Release: 2014-10-02
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0191038857

Psychiatry has long struggled with the nature of its diagnoses. The problems raised by questions about the nature of psychiatric illness are particularly fascinating because they sit at the intersection of philosophy, empirical psychiatric/psychological research, measurement theory, historical tradition and policy. In being the only medical specialty that diagnoses and treats mental illness, psychiatry has been subject to major changes in the last 150 years. This book explores the forces that have shaped these changes and especially how substantial "internal" advances in our knowledge of the nature and causes of psychiatric illness have interacted with a plethora of external forces that have impacted on the psychiatric profession. It includes contributions from philosophers of science with an interest in psychiatry, psychiatrists and psychologists with expertise in the history of their field and historians of psychiatry. Each chapter is accompanied by an introduction and a commentary. The result is a dynamic discussion about the nature of psychiatric disorders, and a book that is compelling reading for those in the field of mental health, history of science and medicine, and philosophy.

Holism in Philosophy of Mind and Philosophy of Physics

Holism in Philosophy of Mind and Philosophy of Physics
Author: M. Esfeld
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9401717877

The Scope of the Project The concept of holism is at the centre of far-reaching changes in various areas of philosophy in the second half of the twentieth century. Holism in epistemology and the philosophy of mind is widespread among analytic philosophers subsequent to the work of the later Wittgenstein and to Quine's "Two Dogmas of Empiricism". Roughly speaking, the claim is that (a) for a person to have beliefs, a social, linguistic community is required and that (b) single beliefs have a meaning only within a whole system of beliefs. Furthermore, holism is discussed in science, in particular in the interpretation of quantum physics. In fact, the term "holism" goes back to Smuts (1926), who introduces this term in a biological context. I Holism in any of these areas has considerable consequences for our philosophical view of the world and ourselves. Holism in quantum physics is said to refute atomism, which has been predominant in modem philosophy of nature. Holism in epistemology and the philosophy of mind is seen as an alternative to what is known as the Cartesian tradition, which dominated modem thought down to logical empiricism.

The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism

The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism
Author: Duncan Ivison
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 373
Release: 2016-03-23
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1317042395

The Ashgate Research Companion to Multiculturalism brings together a collection of new essays by leading and emerging scholars in the humanities and social sciences on some of the key issues facing multiculturalism today. It provides a comprehensive and cutting-edge treatment of this important and hotly contested field, offering scholars and students a clear account of the leading theories and critiques of multiculturalism that have developed over the past twenty-five years, as well as a sense of the challenges facing multiculturalism in the future. Key leading scholars, including James Bohman, Barbara Arneil, Avigail Eisenberg, Ghassan Hage, and Paul Patton, discuss multiculturalism in different cultural and national contexts and across a range of disciplinary approaches. In addition to contributions, Duncan Ivison also provides a comprehensive Introduction which surveys the field and offers an extensive guide to further reading. This is a key volume for anyone interested in multiculturalism and its political premise.

Cosmology, History, and Theology

Cosmology, History, and Theology
Author: Wolfgang Yourgrau
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 414
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1461587808

It is difficult to doubt that we suffer at present from the manifold aspects of an economic crisis which affects all walks of life. Well, men in almost every epoch in history have maintained that they were going through a crisis which was sup posed to be always more grave than any preceding critical phase. Very often those crises were not of an economic nature, but concerned either health, the political structure, the opportunity of acquiring knowledge, and so on. I think that we would consider today that some of those claims that were made in various historical epochs were often exaggerated if viewed from a historical point of view. However, it seems undeniable that we at present are in the middle of a universal economic crisis which has affected almost every facet of our daily life. And yet, the fact that despite these adverse conditions it is still possible to gather scholars from all corners of the world to deal with often sheer theo retical and sometimes abstract pursuits is a refutation of any facile pessimism it is reassuring to all who wonder where political and social events are taking us. Our salvation may well come from those acts of the mind so character istic of the pure scientist and scholar.

Machine Intelligence 15

Machine Intelligence 15
Author: Koichi Furukawa
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 518
Release: 1999
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780198538677

The Machine Intelligence series was founded in 1965 by Donald Michie and has included many of the most important developments in the field over the past decades. This volume focuses on the theme of intelligent agents and features work by a number of eminent figures in artificial intelligence, including John McCarthy, Alan Robinson, Robert Kowalski, and Mike Genesereth. Topics include representations of consciousness, SoftBots, parallel implementations of logic, machine learning, machine vision, and machine-based scientific discovery in molecular biology.

Philosophical Papers

Philosophical Papers
Author: Paul Humphreys
Publisher:
Total Pages: 301
Release: 2019
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0199334870

This volume contains fifteen papers by Paul Humphreys, who has made important contributions to the philosophy of computer simulations, emergence, the philosophy of probability, probabilistic causality, and scientific explanation. It includes detailed postscripts to each section and a philosophical introduction. One of the papers is previously unpublished.