Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes

Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 775
Release: 2018-05-18
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 030946837X

Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Cumene - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E51A

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Cumene - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E51A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2019-09-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Oxide (PO) production from chemical grade (CG) propylene and cumene. The process examined is similar to Sumitomo process. In this process, cumene is oxidized to cumene hydroperoxide, which reacts with propylene to produce Propylene Oxide and dimethyl benzyl alcohol (DMBA). DMBA is reconverted to cumene, which is recycled to the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 20020151730, issued to Sumitomo in 2002 Keywords: Propene, Isopropylbenzene, Oxidation, Epoxidation, CHP

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Isobutane - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E23A

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Isobutane - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E23A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2019-09-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Oxide (PO) production from chemical grade (CG) propylene and isobutane. The process examined is similar to LyondellBasell process. In this process, isobutane is oxidized to produce t-butyl hydroperoxide, which reacts with propylene to produce Propylene Oxide. t-Butanol is generated as by-product in the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 5196597, issued to Arco Chemical Technology in 1993 (2) US Patent 3849451, issued to Halcon International in 1974 Keywords: Propene, Methylpropane, Oxidation, Epoxidation, TBHP, tert-Butyl Alcohol, TBA, PO/TBA

Propylene Oxide Production from Propylene - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E22A

Propylene Oxide Production from Propylene - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E22A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2019-09-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Oxide (PO) production from chemical grade (CG) propylene. The process examined is a hydro-oxidation process similar to Bayer process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Bayer, Dow

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Isobutane - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E41A

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Isobutane - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E41A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2019-09-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Oxide (PO) production from chemical grade (CG) propylene and isobutane using a tert-butyl hydroperoxide process. The process examined is similar to Huntsman process. In this process, isobutane is oxidized to produce t-butyl hydroperoxide, which reacts with propylene to produce Propylene Oxide. t-Butanol is generated as by-product in the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 5349072, issued to Texaco in 1994 (assigned to Huntsman in 2011) Keywords: Propene, Methylpropane, Oxidation, Epoxidation, TBHP, tert-Butyl Alcohol, TBA, PO/TBA

Basic Fundamentals of Drug Delivery

Basic Fundamentals of Drug Delivery
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 812
Release: 2018-11-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128179104

Basic Fundamentals of Drug Delivery covers the fundamental principles, advanced methodologies and technologies employed by pharmaceutical scientists, researchers and pharmaceutical industries to transform a drug candidate or new chemical entity into a final administrable drug delivery system. The book also covers various approaches involved in optimizing the therapeutic performance of a biomolecule while designing its appropriate advanced formulation. - Provides up-to-date information on translating the physicochemical properties of drugs into drug delivery systems - Explores how drugs are administered via various routes, such as orally, parenterally, transdermally or through inhalation - Contains extensive references and further reading for course and self-study

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Hydrogen - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E24A

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Hydrogen - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E24A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2019-09-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Oxide (PO) production from polymer grade (PG) propylene and hydrogen using a direct epoxidation process. The process examined is similar to AIST/Nippon Shokubai process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: ARCO, Dow, Bayer, BASF, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Ethylbenzene - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E31A

Propylene Oxide from Propylene and Ethylbenzene - Cost Analysis - Propylene Oxide E31A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
Total Pages: 103
Release: 2019-09-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This report presents a cost analysis of Propylene Oxide (PO) production from chemical grade (CG) propylene and ethylbenzene. The process examined is similar to LyondellBasell process. In this process, ethylbenzene is oxidized to produce ethylbenzene hydroperoxide, which reacts with propylene to produce Propylene Oxide. Styrene is generated as by-product in the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Propylene Oxide", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Propene, Ethylbenzol, Oxidation, Epoxidation, EBHP, Phenylethene, POSM

Emergency Response Guidebook

Emergency Response Guidebook
Author: U.S. Department of Transportation
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2013-06-03
Genre: House & Home
ISBN: 1626363765

Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.