Unproductive Public Expenditures

Unproductive Public Expenditures
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 56
Release: 2005-04-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1557755418

Public expenditure policy, together with efforts to raise revenue,is at the core of efficient and equitable adjustment. Public expenditureproductivity has critical implications for fiscal adjustment, particularly as the competition for limited public resources intensifies.By providing a framework for defining and analyzing public expenditureproductivity and unproductive expenditures, this pamphlet discusseshow economic policymakers may approach these issues.

Evaluating Public Spending

Evaluating Public Spending
Author: Sanjay Pradhan
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 150
Release: 1996-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780821336335

World Bank Discussion Paper No. 318. Analyzes the condition needed for achieving sustainable private sector growth in the Visegrad countries--the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and the Slovak Republic. The analysis focuses on the legal and regulatory framework and institutional capacity, the privatization of state enterprises, and private sector development.

The Contributions of Infrastructure to Economic Development

The Contributions of Infrastructure to Economic Development
Author: Christine Kessides
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 66
Release: 1993-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780821326282

This paper reviews the linkages between infrastructure and economic development based on both formal empirical research and informal case studies. The main thesis is that economic benefits result from investments in infrastructure only to the extent that they generate a sustainable flow of services valued by consumers. Thus, an analysis of infrastructures' contributions to growth must look at the impacts of services as actually perceived, not at indirect indicators that measure only aggregate provision of infrastructure capital. The paper notes that macro and industry level research , although having its limitations, suggest a positive and statistically significant relationship between infrastructure and economic output. However the conclusions derived from this research (most of which derives from developed countries) provide little specific guidance for policy. To gain more practical insights about how infrastructure contributes to economic growth and to improved quality of life, and to understand the welfare costs of inadequate or unreliable infrastructure, it is necessary to look at microeconomic evidence. Particularly interesting illustrations of these relationships are to be found in developing countries where there is wide variance in the availability and quality of infrastructure.

Policy Analysis of Transport Networks

Policy Analysis of Transport Networks
Author: Marina Van Geenhuizen
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 332
Release: 2016-04-22
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1317079000

Interdisciplinary contributors from across Europe and the USA join together in this book to provide a timely overview of the latest theories and policies related to transport networks. They cover topical issues such as: environmental benefits of substitution of aviation by high speed trains; incident management; impacts of aviation deregulation; and time savings in freight transport. The book also breaks new ground on the development of new methods of cost benefit analysis and other approaches in policy analysis.

The Age of Diminished Expectations

The Age of Diminished Expectations
Author: Paul R. Krugman
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 260
Release: 1997
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780262611343

This edition looks at how risky behaviour can lead to disaster in private markets, with colourful examples from Lloyd's of London and Sumitomo Metals. Krugman also considers the collapse of the Mexican peso, and the burst of Japan's 'bubble' economy.

Public Expenditure Reform Under Adjustment Lending

Public Expenditure Reform Under Adjustment Lending
Author: Jeff Huther
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 66
Release: 1997
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780821341605

This paper argues that the World Bank should follow a systemic approach to developing guidance on public expenditure reform. Suggested approaches are to: determine an appropriate role for government and its various agents and specify their partnership with the civil society and the private sector; clarify the goals of reform and specify performance monitoring and evaluation indicators; target unproductive and inequitable expenditures from elimination; emphasize poverty alleviation; and promote equity and adopt general guidelines on policy environment goals for external assistance.

Public Infrastructure Performance in Developing Countries

Public Infrastructure Performance in Developing Countries
Author: Abdul Ghafoor
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 254
Release: 2017-11-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1351791850

This title was first published in 2000: An investigation of the performance of the electric power and telecommunication sectors of Pakistan at the firm level as well as the sector as a whole, seeking to identify and quantify the extent of inefficiencies. Since physical or financial or productivity indicators alone are not able to explain the duality of public infrastructure purposes, the financial and productivity indicators have been used in evaluating the performance of these sectors. Further, a Cobb-Douglas production function has also been used to calculate the trend in the growth of total factor productivity. Economies of scale have also been studied in the case of electric power generation. The results of the study show that in Pakistan one of the usual motives for privatization (to avoid the poor financial results of state enterprises) is not relevant for electricity and telecommunications enterprises. This, however, appears to be due to the financial subsidies they received, through access to low cost loan finance and grants, rather than to their efficiency in operations. By the economic criteria of growth of TFP none of the enterprises do well and two have a negative TFP growth. The case for reforming these enterprises is strong and alternative modes of organization, finance and ownership need to be considered.